Study on estimation of wind pressure under roof tiles

This paper discusses an analytical method for estimating wind pressures under roof tiles induced by the interaction between internal pressures and external pressures．First，internal pressures on roof models，whose internal volume and gaps have values equivalent to those of a real roof tile，were measured in wind tunnel tests．Next，the internal pressures were estimated analytically by applying a non‐steady Bernoulli equation to the flow through the gap．The validity of the analytical method was examined by comparison with results of the wind tunnel tests．Finally，internal pressures on a whole roof were deduced from simultaneous external pressures through a roof，obtained from a wind tunnel test for a low‐rise building with a gable roof，using the analytical method

10th Anniversary of Catalysts: Molecular Catalysis

On the occasion of this Special Issue, I would like to present an editorial message on this good occasion [...

Analysis of Flow around Complex Terrain using Standard k-εModel

This paper compares flows around complex terrains obtained from computational fluiddynamics with those from wind tunnel tests targeting the area from the seashore atHiratsuka to Lake Tsukuiko in a mountainous area 32km long by 4.5km wide in Kanagawaprefecture．As the first step of CFD for flow around complex terrain，the study is carriedout by using a standard k-εmodel which is composed of basic turbulent model．The studies clarify that CFD\u27s results are some difference from the experimental resultson the profiles of mean wind speed at the wake of complex terrain．The CFD\u27s resultsestimate some small value near the ground

20115 Study on estimation of internal prssure of a roof tile －Part1 Wind tunnel test on partial model of tiled roof－

研究報告書ページ（105）-（106

20116 Study on estimation of internal prssure of a roof tile －Part2 Examination on estimation of lnternal pressure－

研究報告書ページ(107)-(108

Asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones : Tactics to achieve high reactivity, enantioselectivity, and wide scope

Ru complexes with chiral diphosphines and amine-based ligands achieve high catalytic activity and enantioselectivity for the hydrogenation of ketones under neutral to slightly basic conditions. The chiral environment is controllable by changing the combination of these two ligands. A concerted six-membered transition state is proposed to be the origin of the high reactivity. The η6-arene/TsDPEN–Ru and MsDPEN–Cp*Ir catalysts effect the asymmetric reaction under slightly acidic conditions. A variety of chiral secondary alcohols are obtained in high enantiomeric excess

Asymmetric Cyanation with the Chiral Ru-Li Combined Catalysts

The combined systems of phenylglycinate/BINAP/Ru(II) complex and Li compounds have been found to act as highly reactive and enantioselective catalysts for cyanosilylation and hydrocyanation of aldehydes, α-keto esters, α,β-unsaturated ketones, and N-protected aldimines. In this account, we describe the concept of catalyst design, the catalytic efficiency of the novel combined systems in the asymmetric cyanation, and the proposed reaction pathway based on the spectral analysis data. 1 Introduction. 2 Cyanosilylation of Aldehydes and Ketones Catalyzed by LiCl. 3 Asymmetric Cyanosilylation of Aldehydes and α-Keto Esters. 3.1 Design of Chiral Ru-Li Combined Catalyst Systems. 3.2 Cyanosilylation of Aldehydes. 3.3 Cyanosilylation of α-Keto Esters. 4 Asymmetric Hydrocyanation of Aldehydes, α,β-Unsaturated Ketones, and Aldimines. 4.1 Hydrocyanation of Aldehydes. 4.2 Conjugate Cyanation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones. 4.3 Strecker-Type Reaction. 5 Mechanistic Considerations for Cyanosilylation of Aldehydes and Ketones. 5.1 Achiral Reaction Catalyzed by LiCl. 5.2 Asymmetric Reaction with the Chiral Ru-Li Combined Catalyst. 6 Conclusion

Photosensitized Intramolecular [2+2] Cycloaddition of 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines Enabled by the Assistance of Lewis Acids

The [2+2] photocycloaddition of alkenyl-tethered 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives sensitized with 3',4'-dimethoxyacetophenone under irradiation by a high-pressure mercury lamp through Pyrex glass was dramatically accelerated by the addition of Lewis acids, preferably Mg(OTf)(2), to give the products stereoselectively in high yields. The reaction without a Lewis acid gave only small amounts of the [2+2] cycloaddition products. Conformational fixation of the substrates by coordination with a Lewis acid was presumed to facilitate the cycloaddition

Stereoselective construction of cycloheptene-fused indoline frameworks through photosensitised formal [5+2] cycloaddition

Irradiation of 1-acylindole derivatives that possess a vinylcyclopropane moiety at the end of the acyl side chain by a high-pressure mercury lamp through Pyrex glass under sensitization of an aromatic ketone gave the corresponding cyclised products stereoselectively in high yields. The distribution of the products was highly dependent on the substituents on the cyclopropane ring. In the case of a simple cyclopropane, the product was a mixture of ring-expanded cycloheptene-fused indoline and all -cis-fused cyclopropylcyclobutane-fused indoline through [2 + 2] cycloaddition, while cycloheptene-fused indolines were predominantly produced via formal [5 + 2] cyclisation in the case of substituted cyclopropanes. In particular, the product selectivity was substantially high in the case of silylcyclopropane