Superconductivity and Rattling under High Pressure in the beta-Pyrochlore Oxide RbOs2O6

Rattling-induced superconductivity in the beta-pyrochlore oxide RbOs2O6 is investigated under high pressures up to 6 GPa. Resistivity measurements in a high-quality single crystal show that the superconducting transition temperature Tc increases gradually from 6.3 K at ambient pressure to 8.8 K at 3.5 GPa, surprisingly remains almost constant at 8.8 \pm 0.1 K in a wide pressure range between 3.5 (Po) and 4.8 GPa, and suddenly drops to 6.3 K at Ps = 4.9 GPa, followed by a gradual decrease with further pressure increase. Two anomalies in the temperature dependence of the normal-state resistivity are observed at Po Ps, revealing the presence of two high-pressure phases corresponding to the changes in Tc. The rattling of the Rb ion inside a cage made of Os and O atoms may be slightly and seriously modified in these high-pressure phases that probably have cages of reduced symmetry, respectively, so that electron-rattler interactions that govern the superconducting and transport properties of beta-RbOs2O6 are significantly affected.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1009.035

Nonlinearity and disorder: Classification and stability of nonlinear impurity modes

We study the effects produced by competition of two physical mechanisms of energy localization in inhomogeneous nonlinear systems. As an example, we analyze spatially localized modes supported by a nonlinear impurity in the generalized nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation and describe three types of nonlinear impurity modes --- one- and two-hump symmetric localized modes and asymmetric localized modes --- for both focusing and defocusing nonlinearity and two different (attractive or repulsive) types of impurity. We obtain an analytical stability criterion for the nonlinear localized modes and consider the case of a power-law nonlinearity in detail. We discuss several scenarios of the instability-induced dynamics of the nonlinear impurity modes, including the mode decay or switching to a new stable state, and collapse at the impurity site.Comment: 18 pages, 22 figure

Cascaded logic gates in nanophotonic plasmon networks

Optical computing has been pursued for decades as a potential strategy for advancing beyond the fundamental performance limitations of semiconductor-based electronic devices, but feasible on-chip integrated logic units and cascade devices have not been reported. Here we demonstrate that a plasmonic binary NOR gate, a 'universal logic gate', can be realized through cascaded OR and NOT gates in four-terminal plasmonic nanowire networks. This finding provides a path for the development of novel nanophotonic on-chip processor architectures for future optical computing technologies

Flattening effect of four wave mixing on multiwavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser.

A multiwavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser with enhanced output uniformity is demonstrated and its performance with and without the assistance of four wave mixing (FWM) is compared. The presence of FWM effect is proven by the generation of anti-Stokes wave and higher-order Stokes wave. This scheme is successful in flattening the multiwavelength output. At Brillouin pump wavelength of 1,550 nm, between the first and the last output channel, peak power differences of 4.59 and 8.32 dB are recorded for the scheme with and without the assistance of FWM, respectively. This represents 3.73 dB improvement in the multiwavelength output power uniformity

Possible impact of the CYP2D6*10 polymorphism on the nonlinear pharmacokinetic parameter estimates of paroxetine in Japanese patients with major depressive disorders

Junji Saruwatari,1 Hiroo Nakashima,1 Shoko Tsuchimine,2 Miki Nishimura,1 Naoki Ogusu,1 Norio Yasui-Furukori21Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; 2Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, JapanAbstract: It has been suggested that the reduced function allele with reduced cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 activity, CYP2D6*10, is associated with the interindividual differences in the plasma paroxetine concentrations, but there is no data presently available regarding the influence of the CYP2D6*10 polymorphism on the pharmacokinetic parameters, eg, Michaelis–Menten constant (Km) and maximum velocity (Vmax), in Asian populations. The present study investigated the effects of the CYP2D6 polymorphisms, including CYP2D6*10, on the pharmacokinetic parameters of paroxetine in Japanese patients with major depressive disorders. This retrospective study included 15 Japanese patients with major depressive disorders (four males and eleven females) who were treated with paroxetine. The CYP2D6*2, CYP2D6*4, CYP2D6*5, CYP2D6*10, CYP2D6*18, CYP2D6*39, and CYP2D6*41 polymorphisms were evaluated. A total of 56 blood samples were collected from the patients. The Km and Vmax values of paroxetine were estimated for each patient. The allele frequencies of CYP2D6*2, CYP2D6*4, CYP2D6*5, CYP2D6*10, CYP2D6*18, CYP2D6*39, and CYP2D6*41 were 6.7%, 0%, 10.0%, 56.7%, 0%, 26.7%, and 0%, respectively. The mean values of Km and Vmax were 50.5±68.4 ng/mL and 50.6±18.8 mg/day, respectively. Both the Km and Vmax values were significantly smaller in CYP2D6*10 allele carriers than in the noncarriers (24.2±18.3 ng/mL versus 122.5±106.3 ng/mL, P=0.008; 44.2±16.1 mg/day versus 68.3±15.0 mg/day, P=0.022, respectively). This is the first study to demonstrate that the CYP2D6*10 polymorphism could affect the nonlinear pharmacokinetic parameter estimates of paroxetine in Asian populations. The findings of this study suggest that the CYP2D6*10 polymorphism may be associated with the smaller values of both the Km and Vmax in Japanese patients with major depressive disorders, and these results need to be confirmed in further investigations with a larger number of patients.Keywords: pharmacokinetics, dose requirement, Michaelis–Menten constant, maximum velocit

Study of molten pig iron flow in the blast furnace hearth by numerical analysis and model experiments

46.50; Translated from Japanese (Nisshin Seiko Giho 1987 (56) p. 1-9)Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:9022.06(BISI-Trans--26556)T / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo