PDE4 as a target in preterm labour

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE) are the enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis and inactivation of the second messengers, cAMP and cGMP. Eleven PDE families are described to date, and selective inhibitors of some PDEs families are currently used in clinic for treating cardiovascular disorders, erectile dysfunction, and pulmonary hypertension. Isoforms of the PDE4 family are involved in smooth muscle contraction and inflammation. PDE4 selective inhibitors are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of diseases related to inflammatory disorders. Because of their myorelaxant properties, we first examined their expression in human myometrium and uncover an increased expression of one specific isoform, PDE4B2, in the near-term myometrium as compared to myometrium in the nonpregnant state. Using human myometrial cells in culture, we demonstrated that PDE4B2 can be induced by its own substrate, under the control of one of the major utero-contractile agonists, PGE2, itself upregulated by the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Functionally, augmentation of global PDE4 activity decreases the ability of β-adrenergic agonists (the most commonly used tocolytic drugs) to inhibit myometrial contraction at the end of pregnancy and during pathophysiological situations, such as persistent intrauterine inflammation which is a major cause of very preterm delivery. Currently exploring the anti-inflammatory properties of PDE4 inhibitors in gestational tissues, we recently demonstrated the ability of these drugs to block a persistent inflammatory response of the foetal membranes in Humans and to prevent inflammation-driven preterm delivery and foetal demise in mice. These data open up a new therapeutical strategy to prevent inflammation-induced preterm delivery and its sequelae in very preterm infants

Fish oil supplementation in CCl4 injured rodents exclusively suppressed enzymatic and non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation of DHA and EPA

Poster Session 1: abstract no. M4.07The Conference abstracts' website is located at http://www.issfal.org/conferences/2014-stockholm/abstractsFish oil contains high amount of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and helps in reducing risk of neurodegenerative diseases and coronary heart diseases. Because of the high numbers of double bonds, they are prone to undergo lipid peroxidation in vitro and in vivo. Many of the products generated through this process are claimed either to be bioactive or toxic. We, therefore, investigated the effect of fish oil supplementation with CCl4 liver injured rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into five groups: 1) water (Control), 2) canola oil, 3) CCl4, 4) fish oil (omega-3, 350 mg/kg), 5) fish oil + CCl4. Rats were treated ...postprin

Hyperoxia Elevates Adrenic Acid Peroxidation in Marine Fish and Is Associated with Reproductive Pheromone Mediators

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Intoxication expérimentale par la glycérie aquatique

Guilhon Jean, Oger C. Intoxication expérimentale par la glycérie aquatique. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 104 n°7, 1951. pp. 383-386

Maternal-fetal evaluation of oxidized lipid products of polyunsaturated fatty acid induced by environmental contaminant perfluorooctante sulfonate

Poster Session 3: abstract no. N9.06The Conference abstracts' website is located at http://www.issfal.org/conferences/2014-stockholm/abstractsPerfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is synthetic fluorinated hydrocarbons. However the carbon-fluoride bonds render these compounds to be non-biodegradable, leading to their persistence in the environment and lengthy elimination half-life in vivo. PFOS could also penetrate the placental barrier and the blood brain barrier, and produce neurotoxic effect. High dose of PFOS leads to neonatal mortality and neurologic delays. It is known PFOS generate a dose-dependent ROS production, but the effect in PUFA lipid peroxidation, especially adrenic, arachidonic, docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids that are ...postprin

Synthesis of 2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl substituted coumarins and xanthones as natural products. Application of the Schenck ene reaction of singlet oxygen with ortho-prenylphenol precursors

Application of our original photooxidation–reduction methodology to prenylated dihydroxycoumarin and trihydroxyxanthone compounds led to the corresponding ortho-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl)phenol derivatives with yields ranging from 8 to 65%. In most of the reported experiments, the oxidation products distribution, after the photooxygenation step, was controlled by the competition between the large group effect and the stabilising phenolic assistance effect. We also showed that ortho-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl)phenol derivatives could be considered as biogenetic precursors of 2,2-dimethylbenzopyranic structures

First 2-Hydroxy-3-Methylbut-3-Enyl Substituted Xanthones Isolated From Plants: Structure Elucidation, Synthesis and Antifungal Activity

Two new 2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl substituted xanthones, ( - )-caledol 1 and ( - )-dicaledol 2 were isolated from a dichloromethane extract of the leaves of Calophyllum caledonicum (Clusiaceae). Compounds 1 and 2 are the first 2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl substituted xanthones isolated from natural source. Their structures were elucidated by means of combined analytical methods including HRFABMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopies and also confirmed by total synthesis using biomimetic ortho -prenylphenols photooxygenation ( 1 O 2 ) as a key step. The antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus is reported

Bulletin agrométéorologique - Situation au 30 avril 2009

Alors que l’on pouvait craindre les conséquences de l’hiver froid que nous avons connu cette année, il apparaît, au niveau de nos indicateurs météorologiques et de nos indicateurs spatiaux dérivés de la télédétection, que les grandes cultures ont dans l’ensemble bien passé l’hiver et elles ont largement rattrapé le retard accumulé au cours des mois d’hiver et du tout début de printemps. Ceci se vérifie également sur le terrain où les stades phénologiques sont très proches de la situation normale. Aucune prévision de rendement n’est faite à ce stade

Bulletin agrométéorologique - Situation au 30 juin 2010

A la fin du mois de juin, les conditions météorologiques peuvent être qualifiées de globalement bonnes sur la plus grande partie du territoire belge. De bons rendements sont annoncés sans toutefois atteindre les rendements exceptionnels comme ceux du blé de l’an dernier. Les analyses spatiales dérivées de la télédétection confirment cette tendance favorable tout en indiquant une hétérogénéité importante dans certaines régions du pays qui peut être mise sur le compte de précipitations orageuses localisées. Les conditions climatiques des prochaines semaines seront déterminantes pour conserver tous les bons potentiels de rendement des cultures et éviter que la situation ne se dégrade pour les zones à plus faible potentiel

Bulletin agrométéorologique - Situation au 21 juin 2009

Depuis le dernier bulletin publié fin avril, les conditions météorologiques ont été fort proches des normales avec toutefois quelques épisodes orageux qui ont pu causer ça et là des dégâts aux cultures. La végétation semble avoir ralenti davantage sa croissance que ce qui s’observe d’habitude depuis dix ans, cela en particulier dans le Nord et le Nord-Ouest du pays, probablement en raison des conditions pluvieuses rencontrées dans ces zones. Cependant les prévisions de rendements à l’échelle nationale ne semblent pas être affectées. A l’exception du maïs, les rendements s’annoncent meilleurs que la moyenne des quatre dernières années