Effect of Plant Spacing and Fertilizer Application on Growth and Yield of Bell Pepper (Capsicum annum) in Experimental Farm at Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

Optimum plant population, natural resources, such as nutrients, sunlight, soil moisture and efficient fertilization are some of the primary factors that ensure satisfactory growth and yield. Hence, the objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of plant spacing and fertilizer application on growth and yield of bell pepper (Capsicum annum) in experimental farm at Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria using appropriate standard techniques. Three levels of spacing (S1=30cm x 50cm, S2=40cm x 50cm and S3 =50cm x 50cm) and four different levels of fertilizer application (F0 = control, F1 = 20 t ha-1 poultry manure, F2 = 300 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 and F3 = 150 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 + 10 t ha-1 were adopted. The parameters measured were plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, number of leaves, number of branches, fresh fruit weight per plant, fresh fruit weight per plot, fruit diameter, fruit length, and number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per plant and fruit yield. The results showed that S3F1, (50cm x 50cm spacing + 20 t ha-1 poultry manure) had the highest plant height and stem diameter and S2F3, (40cm x 50cm spacing + 150 kg ha-1 NPK 15:15:15 and 10 t ha-1) had the highest fruit yield (1731.60 kg ha-1). The lowest yield (994.49 kg ha-1) was obtained at S1F0, (40cm x 50cm spacing + control). Therefore, farmers in this locality could grow bell pepper (Capsicum annum) at S2F3 for increased fruit yield

ADAPTATION OF INTRODUCED MUNGBEAN GENOTYPES IN UGANDA

Mungbean ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is an important source of nutrients and income for smallholder farmers in East Africa. Mungbean production in countries like Uganda largely depends on landraces, in the absence of improved varieties. In order to enhance productivity, efforts have been underway to develop and evaluate mungbean varieties that meet farmers\u2019 needs in various parts of the country. This study was conducted at six locations in Uganda, to determine the adaptability of introduced mungbean genotypes, and identify mungbean production mega-environments in Uganda. Eleven genotypes (Filsan, Sunshine, Blackgram, Mauritius1, VC6148 (50-12), VC6173 (B-10),Yellowmungo, KPS1, VC6137(B-14),VC6372(45-60),VC6153(B-20P) and one local check were evaluated in six locations during 2013 and 2014. The locations were; National Semi Arid Resources Research Institute (NaSARRI), Abi Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (AbiZARDI),Kaberamaido variety trial center, Kumi variety trial center, Nabuin Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (NabuinZARDI), and Ngetta Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (NgettaZARDI). G 7 E interactions were significant for grain yield. Through GGEBiplot analysis, three introduced genotypes (Filsan, Blackgram and Sunshine) were found to be stable and high yielding, and therefore, were recommended for release. The six test multi-locations were grouped into two candidate mega-environments for mungbean production (one comprising of AbiZARDI and Kaberamaido and the other comprising of NaSARRI, NabuinZARDI, Kumi, and NgettaZARDI). National Semi Arid Resources Research Institute (NaSARRI) was the most suitable environment in terms of both discriminative ability and representativeness and therefore can be used for selection of widely adaptable genotypes.La f\ue8ve ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) est une importante source de nutriments et de revenu pour les paysans en Afrique de l\u2019Est. La production de la f\ue8ve dans des pays comme Ouganda d\ue9pend largement des vari\ue9t\ue9s locales, \ue0 d\ue9faut des vari\ue9t\ue9s am\ue9lior\ue9es. Dans le but d\u2019accroitre la productivit\ue9, des efforts ont \ue9t\ue9 fournis pour d\ue9velopper et \ue9valuer les vari\ue9t\ue9s de f\ue8ves pouvant satisfaire les besoins des producteurs dans diff\ue9rents coins du pays. La pr\ue9sente \ue9tude a \ue9t\ue9 conduite dans six emplacements en Ouganda, en vue de d\ue9terminer l\u2019adaptabilit\ue9 de vari\ue9t\ue9s introduites de f\ue8ves et identifier les zones majeures de production de f\ue8ves. Onze vari\ue9t\ue9s introduites (Filsan, Sunshine, Blackgram, Mauritius1, VC6148 (50-12), VC6173 (B-10),Yellowmungo, KPS1, VC6137(B-14),VC6372(45-60),VC6153(B-20P) et une vari\ue9t\ue9 locale utilis\ue9e ici comme t\ue9moin, ont \ue9t\ue9 \ue9valu\ue9es dans six emplacements au cours des ann\ue9es 2013 et 2014. Les emplacements \ue9taient\ua0: l\u2019Institut Nationale de Recherche sur les Ressources Semi-Aride (NaSARRI), l\u2019Institut Zonale de Recherche Agricole et D\ue9veloppement de Abi (AbiZARDI), le centre d\u2019exp\ue9rimentation des vari\ue9t\ue9s de Kaberamaido, le centre d\u2019exp\ue9rimentation des vari\ue9t\ue9s de Kumi, l\u2019Institut Zonale de Recherche Agricole et D\ue9veloppement de Nabuin (NabuinZARDI) et l\u2019Institut Zonale de Recherche Agricole et D\ue9veloppement de Ngetta (NgettaZARDI). L\u2019interaction g\ue9notypes et environement G 7 E \ue9tait significatif pour le rendement en grain. Une analyse se servant de biplot, a r\ue9v\ue9l\ue9 trois stables vari\ue9t\ue9es introduites (Filsan, Blackgram and Sunshine), ayant des rendements \ue9lev\ue9s. Ces trois vari\ue9t\ue9es sont donc recommend\ue9es pour \ueatre lanc\ue9es. Les six emplacements utilizes dans cette \ue9tude peuvent \ueatre group\ue9s en deux grandes zones proprices \ue0 la production de la f\ue8ve (la premi\ue8re zone est constitu\ue9e de AbiZARDI et Kaberamaido, tandis que la seconde est faite de NaSARRI, NabuinZARDI, Kumi et NgettaZARDI). NaSARRI s\u2019est r\ue9v\ue9l\ue9 l\u2019emplacement le plus propice, en ce sens que cet emplacement \ue9tait le plus discriminant et le plus repr\ue9sentatif, et de ce fait peut \ueatre utilis\ue9 pour s\ue9lectionner des vari\ue9t\ue9es \ue0 large adaptation

Pigeon pea seed production and delivery system: Experience from the Lango farming system

No Abstract

Pests and diseases of cowpea in Uganda: Experiences from a diagnostic survey

(African Crop Science Journal 1999 7(4): 465-478

Integrated Management of Major Field Pests of Cowpea In Eastern Uganda

This study, which was done on-farm and in phases, aimed at developing a farmer and environmentally friendly management package against major cowpea pests. The pests considered were Aphis craccivora, Megalurothrips sjostedti, Maruca vitrata and pod sucking bugs. One trial examined the potential of intercropping in the management of the major field pests of cowpea. Another trial studied the effect of seed dressing and host resistance on cowpea field pest infestation. The best treatments from these two trials were combined (integrated pest management) and tested together with a minimum foliar insecticide application. Intercropping cowpea and sorghum combined with carbofuran "seed dressing" and minimal insecticide spray application (spraying once at budding, flowering and at podding) increased grain yields (ca 1350 kg ha-1) markedly compared to the unsprayed plots (ca 200 kg ha-1), those receiving foliar insecticide spray (ca 1000 kg ha-1) or carbofuran seed dressing only (ca 400 kg ha-1).Cette \ue9tude, qui a \ue9t\ue9 conduite en mili\ue8u r\ue9el et en phases, visait au d\ue9veloppement des packets de gestion contre les principaux pestes du ni\ue9be qui sont acceptables par les \ue9cologies et les agriculteurs. Les pestes consid\ue9r\ue9s \ue9taient Aphis craccivora, Megalurothrips sjostedti, Maruca vitrata et les punaises suceuses de gousses. Un essai examinait le potential d\u2019association dans le controle de principaux pestes de champs du ni\ue9b\ue9. Un autre essai a \ue9tudi\ue9 l\u2019effet du traitement de semence et de la r\ue9sistance de l\u2019hote sur l\u2019infestation de peste de champ du ni\ue9b\ue9. Les meilleurs traitements de deux essais ont \ue9t\ue9 combin\ue9s (gestion int\ue9gr\ue9e de peste) et test\ue9s ensemble avec l\u2019application minimale d\u2019insecticide foliaire. L\u2019association du ni\ue9b\ue9 avec le sorgho combin\ue9e avec le traitement de semences au carbofuran et l\u2019application de la pulv\ue9risation minimale d\u2019insecticide (pulv\ue9risation une fois au bourgeonnement, \ue0 la floraison et \ue0 la formation des gousses) a augment\ue9 le rendements en grains (ca 1350 kg ha-1) remarquablement compar\ue9 aux parcelles non pulv\ue9ris\ue9es (ca 200 kg ha-1), \ue0 celles recevant la pulverisation d\u2019insecticide foliaire (ca 1000 kg ha-1) ou le traitement des semences au carbofuran seul (ca 400 kg ha-1)