MANIPULATOR ROUTING OPTIMIZATION USING GENETIC ALGORITHM

Problem trgovačkog putnika jedan je od najpoznatijih problema kombinatorne optimizacije. Spada u skupinu NP-potpunih problema i za veći broj gradova nerješiv je egzaktnim metodama u razumnom vremenu. U ovom radu putanja manipulatora optimizirana je pomoću genetskog algoritma. Istraživanja su pokazala da predloženi genetski algoritam pronalazi kraću rutu u realnom vremenu u usporedbi s postojećim modelom odabira putanje manipulatora. Također, istraživanja su pokazala da bi ovakav genetski algoritam trebalo upariti s tehnikama lokalnog pretraživanja prostora za postizanje konzistentno dobrih rješenjaThe traveling salesman problem is one of the most famous combinatorial optimization problems. It’s categorized as one of the NP-complete problems and for the growing number of cities is unsolvable with the use of exact methods in a reasonable time. In this paper manipulator path has been optimized using a genetic algorithm. Studies have shown that the proposed genetic algorithm can find a shorter route in real-time, compared with the existing manipulator model of path selection. Also, studies have shown that the genetic algorithm should be paired with the local search techniques in order to be able to consistently achieve good solutions

Entomological and ecological index for risk of infection causing lyme disease in territory of Vojvodina, Serbia

In Europe, of all the vector transmitted diseases, the occurrence of lyme disease is the one most often registered, and the most significant vector Borrelia burgdorferi is the tick Ixodes ricinus. Both humans and animals contract lyme disease. The risk of the occurrence of lyme disease is in correlation with potential exposure to tick bites and depends on the density of the tick population in the endemic area, the percentage of ticks infected with the cause of lyme disease, the duration and the nature of the activity of the susceptible population in a certain area. The objective of these investigations was to determine the entomological and the ecological risk index, as well as to assess the risk of transmission of the cause of lyme disease in the territory of Vojvodina Province in the Republic of Serbia. Ticks were collected at 12 locations in the South Bačka District of Vojvodina. A total of 1400 ticks were identified up to the level of species. After establishing the infection of ticks with the cause of lyme disease, the entomological and the ecological index was determined for the given regions using microscopic examination in a dark field. Two species of ticks aere identified in this geographic region (Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor marginatus). Examining I. ricinus, the prevalence of infection B. burgdorferi was established, ranging up to 33.1%. The ecological risk index indicates that there is a potential risk of humans and animals becoming infected at 8 localities. It was determined for 3 localities that there is a definite actual risk of the transferrence of causes of lyme disease

Comprehensive comparison of in silico MS/MS fragmentation tools of the CASMI contest: database boosting is needed to achieve 93% accuracy.

In mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics, rarely more than 30% of the compounds are identified. Without the true identity of these molecules it is impossible to draw conclusions about the biological mechanisms, pathway relationships and provenance of compounds. The only way at present to address this discrepancy is to use in silico fragmentation software to identify unknown compounds by comparing and ranking theoretical MS/MS fragmentations from target structures to experimental tandem mass spectra (MS/MS). We compared the performance of four publicly available in silico fragmentation algorithms (MetFragCL, CFM-ID, MAGMa+ and MS-FINDER) that participated in the 2016 CASMI challenge. We found that optimizing the use of metadata, weighting factors and the manner of combining different tools eventually defined the ultimate outcomes of each method. We comprehensively analysed how outcomes of different tools could be combined and reached a final success rate of 93% for the training data, and 87% for the challenge data, using a combination of MAGMa+, CFM-ID and compound importance information along with MS/MS matching. Matching MS/MS spectra against the MS/MS libraries without using any in silico tool yielded 60% correct hits, showing that the use of in silico methods is still important

Entomološki i ekološki indeks rizika za pojavu lajmske bolesti na području Vojvodine, Srbija

In Europe, of all the vector transmitted diseases, the occurrence of lyme disease is the one most often registered, and the most significant vector Borrelia burgdorferi is the tick Ixodes ricinus. Both humans and animals contract lyme disease. The risk of the occurrence of lyme disease is in correlation with potential exposure to tick bites and depends on the density of the tick population in the endemic area, the percentage of ticks infected with the cause of lyme disease, the duration and the nature of the activity of the susceptible population in a certain area. The objective of these investigations was to determine the entomological and the ecological risk index, as well as to assess the risk of transmission of the cause of lyme disease in the territory of Vojvodina Province in the Republic of Serbia. Ticks were collected at 12 locations in the South Bačka District of Vojvodina. A total of 1400 ticks were identified up to the level of species. After establishing the infection of ticks with the cause of lyme disease, the entomological and the ecological index was determined for the given regions using microscopic examination in a dark field. Two species of ticks aere identified in this geographic region (Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor marginatus). Examining I. ricinus, the prevalence of infection B. burgdorferi was established, ranging up to 33.1%. The ecological risk index indicates that there is a potential risk of humans and animals becoming infected at 8 localities. It was determined for 3 localities that there is a definite actual risk of the transferrence of causes of lyme disease.U Evropi se, od svih vektorski prenosivih infekcija, najčešće registruje lajmska bolest, a najznačajniji vektor Borrelia burgdorferi je krpelj Ixodes ricinus. Od lajmske bolesti obolevaju ljudi i životinje. Rizik za pojavu lajmske bolesti je u korelaciji sa potencijalnim izlaganjem ubodu krpelja i zavisi od gustine populacije krpelja u endemskom području, procenta krpelja zaraženih uzročnikom lajmske bolesti, dužine i prirode aktivnosti prijemčive populacije na određenom području. Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se ustanove entomološki i ekološki indeks rizika, kao i da se proceni rizik transmisije uzročnika lajmske bolesti na području Vojvodine, Srbija. Prikupljanje krpelja je obavljeno na 12 lokacija Južnobačkog okruga, Srbija. Ukupno je do nivoa vrste identifikovano 1400 krpelja. Nakon utvrđivanja zaraženosti krpelja uzročnikom lajmske bolesti, primenom mikroskopskog pregleda u tamnom polju, izračunati su entomološki i ekološki indeks rizika za data područja. Identifikovane su dve vrste krpelja na našem geografskom području - Ixodes ricinus i Dermacentor marginatus. Kod I. ricinus utvrđena je prevalencija infekcije izazvane B. burgdorferi, koja se kretala do 33,1%. Ekološki indeks rizika ukazuje na to da potencijalni rizik od zaražavanja ljudi i životinja postoji na 8 lakaliteta. Za 3 lokaliteta je utvrđen definitivan aktuelni rizik za prenošenje uzročnika lajmske bolesti

Entomological and ecological index for risk of infection causing lyme disease in territory of Vojvodina, Serbia

In Europe, of all the vector transmitted diseases, the occurrence of lyme disease is the one most often registered, and the most significant vector Borrelia burgdorferi is the tick Ixodes ricinus. Both humans and animals contract lyme disease. The risk of the occurrence of lyme disease is in correlation with potential exposure to tick bites and depends on the density of the tick population in the endemic area, the percentage of ticks infected with the cause of lyme disease, the duration and the nature of the activity of the susceptible population in a certain area. The objective of these investigations was to determine the entomological and the ecological risk index, as well as to assess the risk of transmission of the cause of lyme disease in the territory of Vojvodina Province in the Republic of Serbia. Ticks were collected at 12 locations in the South Bačka District of Vojvodina. A total of 1400 ticks were identified up to the level of species. After establishing the infection of ticks with the cause of lyme disease, the entomological and the ecological index was determined for the given regions using microscopic examination in a dark field. Two species of ticks aere identified in this geographic region (Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor marginatus). Examining I. ricinus, the prevalence of infection B. burgdorferi was established, ranging up to 33.1%. The ecological risk index indicates that there is a potential risk of humans and animals becoming infected at 8 localities. It was determined for 3 localities that there is a definite actual risk of the transferrence of causes of lyme disease.U Evropi se, od svih vektorski prenosivih infekcija, najčešće registruje lajmska bolest, a najznačajniji vektor Borrelia burgdorferi je krpelj Ixodes ricinus. Od lajmske bolesti obolevaju ljudi i životinje. Rizik za pojavu lajmske bolesti je u korelaciji sa potencijalnim izlaganjem ubodu krpelja i zavisi od gustine populacije krpelja u endemskom području, procenta krpelja zaraženih uzročnikom lajmske bolesti, dužine i prirode aktivnosti prijemčive populacije na određenom području. Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se ustanove entomološki i ekološki indeks rizika, kao i da se proceni rizik transmisije uzročnika lajmske bolesti na području Vojvodine, Srbija. Prikupljanje krpelja je obavljeno na 12 lokacija Južnobačkog okruga, Srbija. Ukupno je do nivoa vrste identifikovano 1400 krpelja. Nakon utvrđivanja zaraženosti krpelja uzročnikom lajmske bolesti, primenom mikroskopskog pregleda u tamnom polju, izračunati su entomološki i ekološki indeks rizika za data područja. Identifikovane su dve vrste krpelja na našem geografskom području - Ixodes ricinus i Dermacentor marginatus. Kod I. ricinus utvrđena je prevalencija infekcije izazvane B. burgdorferi, koja se kretala do 33,1%. Ekološki indeks rizika ukazuje na to da potencijalni rizik od zaražavanja ljudi i životinja postoji na 8 lakaliteta. Za 3 lokaliteta je utvrđen definitivan aktuelni rizik za prenošenje uzročnika lajmske bolesti

Surgical revascularisation of the heart in patients with chronic ischaemic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 30%

INTRODUCTION Patients suffering from chronic ischaemic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) lower than 30% represent a difficult and controversial population for surgical treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of surgical treatment on the early and long-term outcome of these patients. METHOD The patient population comprised SO patients with LVEF< 30% (78% male, mean age: 583 years, range; 42-75 years) who underwent surgical myocardial revascuiarisation during the period 1995-2000. Patients with left ventricular aneurysms or mitral valve insufficiency were excluded from the study. The following echocardiography parameters were evaluated as possible prognostic indicators; LVEF, fraction of shortening (FS), left ventricular systolic and diastolic diameters (LVEDD, LVESD) and volumes (LVEDV, LVESV), as well as their indexed values (LVESVI). RESULTS Fifteen patients (30%) died during the follow-up, 2/50 intraoperatively (4%). The presence of diabetes mellitus, previous myocardial infarction, main left coronary artery disease, and three-vessel disease, correlated significantly with the surgical outcomes. The patient's age, family history, smoking habits, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, history of stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and renal failure, did not correlate with the mortality rate. A comparison of preoperative echocardiography parameters between survivors and non-survivors revealed significantly divergent LVEF, LVEDD, LVESD, LVEDV, LVESV, and LVESVI values. Preoperative LVESVi offered the highest predictive value (R=0.595). CONCLUSION Diabetes mellitus, history of myocardial infarction, stenosis of the main branch, and three-vessel disease, significantly affected the peci opera five and long-term outcome of surgical revascuiarisation in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and LVEF<30%. in survivors, LVEF, FS, and systolic and diastolic echocardiography parameters, as well as their indexed values, significantly improved after surgical revascuiarisation. LVESVI provided the highest predictive value for mortality

MOESM1 of Comprehensive comparison of in silico MS/MS fragmentation tools of the CASMI contest: database boosting is needed to achieve 93% accuracy

Additional file 1. Contains detailed parameter settings for each tool used in this research

Comprehensive comparison of in silico MS/MS fragmentation tools of the CASMI contest: database boosting is needed to achieve 93% accuracy

Abstract In mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics, rarely more than 30% of the compounds are identified. Without the true identity of these molecules it is impossible to draw conclusions about the biological mechanisms, pathway relationships and provenance of compounds. The only way at present to address this discrepancy is to use in silico fragmentation software to identify unknown compounds by comparing and ranking theoretical MS/MS fragmentations from target structures to experimental tandem mass spectra (MS/MS). We compared the performance of four publicly available in silico fragmentation algorithms (MetFragCL, CFM-ID, MAGMa+ and MS-FINDER) that participated in the 2016 CASMI challenge. We found that optimizing the use of metadata, weighting factors and the manner of combining different tools eventually defined the ultimate outcomes of each method. We comprehensively analysed how outcomes of different tools could be combined and reached a final success rate of 93% for the training data, and 87% for the challenge data, using a combination of MAGMa+, CFM-ID and compound importance information along with MS/MS matching. Matching MS/MS spectra against the MS/MS libraries without using any in silico tool yielded 60% correct hits, showing that the use of in silico methods is still important