Territoriality and territorial behaviors in a medium sized academic library: A case study from university of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

18-26<span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";="" mso-bidi-font-family:arial;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"="" lang="EN-US">Studies the behavioral aspects of territorial practice - the evolution, nature and factors of territorial behaviour in library usage among University students. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit appropriate behavioral response while chi-square statistic was used to determine significant differences in the study variables. It was found out that territorial behaviour had assumed <span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-US">a <span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" arial;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" ar-sa;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"="" lang="EN-US">high proportion in the University of Port Harcourt Library due <span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family: Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;="" mso-bidi-font-style:italic"="" lang="EN-US">to <span style="font-size:11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:arial;mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"="" lang="EN-US">inadequate reading spaces, coupled with high population density.</span

Regulatory considerations surrounding the deployment of Btexpressing cowpea in Africa: report of the deliberations of an expert panel

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata spp unguiculata) is adapted to the drier agro-ecological zones of West Africa where it is a major source of dietary protein and widely used as a fodder crop. Improving the productivity of cowpea can enhance food availability and security in West Africa. Insect predation – predominately from the legume pod borer (Maruca vitrata), flower thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti) and a complex of pod-sucking bugs (e.g., Clavigralla spp) – is a major yield-limiting factor in West African cowpea production. Dramatic increases in yield are shown when M. vitrata is controlled with insecticides. However, availability, costs, and safety considerations limit pesticides as a viable option for boosting cowpea production. Development of Bt-cowpea through genetic modification (GM) to control the legume pod borer is a promising approach to cowpea improvement. Cowpea expressing the lepidopteran-active Cry1Ab protein from Bacillus thuringiensis is being developed as a first generation Bt-cowpea crop for West Africa. Appropriate stewardship of Bt-cowpea to assure its sustainability under West African conditions is critical to its successful development. A first step in this process is an environmental risk assessment to determine the likelihood and magnitude of adverse effects of the Cry1Ab protein on key environmental protection goals in West Africa. Here we describe the results of an expert panel convened in 2009 to develop the problem formulation phase for Bt-cowpea and to address specific issues around gene flow, non-target arthropods, and insect resistance management

Business Incubation in Dar es Salaam

Business incubation is increasingly emphasized on development agendas globally as a tool for entrepreneurship, employment and economic growth. Previous studies focus on comparing European and US business incubators, and outcomes of business incubation in sub-Saharan African settings are comparatively unknown. This paper contributes to the understanding of business incubation in Tanzania by focusing on three themes of business incubation identi fi ed from 43 semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs and people working with entrepreneurs in Dar es Salaam: 1. The role of the entrepreneur and how it in fl uences business incubation; 2. The business incubator aim and outcome; 3. Perceived constraints for business incubation in Dar es Salaam. Findings include: 1. The variety of entrepreneurship demands additional types of support to generate a valuable contribution; 2. There is a risk that business incubators become excluding organizations, cementing existing roles in society; 3. Business incubators may compensate for constraints on entrepreneurship, but it is important to make them fi t local needs