Central nervous system depressant effect of the fruits of Piper guineense

The central nervous system depressant effect of the butanol extract of the fruits of Piper guineense was pharmacologically screened by measuring the prolongation of barbiturate sleeping time. Nine rats (n=9) were used and assigned into three groups, with each group comprising of three rats (n=3). Group A served as the Control, while Groups B and C served as tests. Thiopentone sodium (40 mg/kg body weight) was administered subcutaneously to the rats in Group A, 2 mg/kg of the butanolic extract of the fruits of Piper guineense was administered subcutaneously to the rats in Test Group B, 30 minutes before administering same dose of thiopentone sodium, while rats in Group C received 4 mg/kg of the butanolic extract 30 minutes before administering same dose of thiopentone sodium. The sleeping time was recorded. Student-t-test at 5% significance level was used to analyze the results obtained. The mean barbiturate sleeping time prolongation of 53.67 minutes was produced by 2 mg/kg of the extract while a dose of 4 mg/kg produced mean barbiturate sleeping time prolongation of 103.67 minutes. This study suggests that the fruits of Piper guineense have central nervous system depressant effect.Keywords: Piper guineense, fruits, glycosidic constituents, central nervous system, depressantBiokemistri 28(1): 34–3

The construction of the black British community in the Voice and the New Nation

This article compares the way in which two black British tabloids, The Voice and the New Nation, construct the Afro-Caribbean community and their diasporic identities in the late 1990s, when the second title was launched. The analysis shows that The Voice reflects a more essentialist mode of thinking about Afro-Caribbean identities in Britain, contrary to the New Nation which questions this essentialist identity. While the essentialist mode was necessary for the politics of the early 1980s, when some form of equivalence had to be established between different black groups in the fight against racism, by the mid 1990s at least part of the black community had entered the middle-class mainstream. As a result, the New Nation focused on the achievements of this middle-class portion of the community and wanted to break free from the doom-and-gloom stories reflecting the experience of the 1980s. The starting point of this article is that media representations produce the framework of social cognition regarding black identities. The launch of the New Nation in 1996 signalled a new framework in which the diasporic imagination and the relationships between black and white communities and the relationship between race and class are re-examine