41 research outputs found

    Ohio Military Kids: Supporting the Families Who Serve Our Nation

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    Ohio Military Kids (OMK) is a joint effort between 4-H Youth Development of Ohio State University Extension and the Ohio National Guard Family Readiness and Warrior Support. Across the nation, there are almost two million children who have a parent or guardian serving in the United States Armed Forces. Roughly three quarters of those military-connected youth are 4-18 years of age. Military-connected youth can be found in every school district in the country. There are roughly 30,000 Ohio children with a parent or guardian serving in the military. With only one active duty base in Ohio (Wright-Patterson Air Force Base), the importance of education and community outreach is necessary when it comes to supporting the social, emotional and academic needs of these children. Ohio has the outstanding benefit of community and university support to offer military families countless resources. With financial support of private donors and grants, OMK is a thriving program that offers year-round educational and recreational programs to youth of military families. In addition, OMK promotes and distributes resources to equip families with the skills and networks necessary to thrive as a successful military family, whether on reservist duties or actively serving. Events offered by OMK are intended to let military-connected youth know that they are not alone. "Military-connected youth" are children, adolescents, or students with a close family member (parent, stepparent, sibling, stepsibling, cousin) or friend serving in any branch of the United States Armed Forces in any status (active duty, reserve, or National Guard). The OMK activities offer a positive opportunity to meet other children who face the unique family situations, stresses and successes that a military family may be subject to. Programs that will be highlighted in the presentation include hero camps, troop and family camps, youth and teen camps, and parent workshops. The goal of OMK is to create community support networks for military youth when they experience a loved one's deployment. OMK educates the public on the impact a deployment has on a service member's children, families and communities through awareness-building and educational trainings with schools and community organizations. This session will highlight the recent trends in OMK involvement, promote the resources that are offered, and allow questions to be answered about OMK programming.AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Kayla Oberstadt, Program Manager, 4-H Youth Development, The Ohio State University Extension, [email protected] (Corresponding Author); Theresa Ferrari, State 4-H Specialist, The Ohio State University Extension; Erin Van Gorden, Student Assistant, The Ohio State University Extension; Emily Likens, Student Assistant, The Ohio State University Extension.Ohio Military Kids (OMK) is a joint effort between 4-H youth development at The Ohio State University and Ohio National Guard Family Readiness and Warrior Support. OMK activities offer a positive opportunity to meet other children who face the unique family situations, stresses and successes that a military family may be subject to. Learn about what OMK offers, including camps and workshops. Visit the OMK poster presentation to see how to refer military families to our local resources, learn how you could become a volunteer, and how we, as a community, can support those families who bravely serve our country

    Partnering for a Resilient and Sustainable Future

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    Ohio Military Kids (OMK) is a joint partnership of OSU Extension 4-H youth development and Ohio National Guard Family Readiness and Warrior Support. There are roughly 30,000 Ohio children with a parent or guardian serving in the military. These 30,000 youth are spread across every county in Ohio; and 16 counties have more than 500 military youth residing in them. With only one active duty base in Ohio (Wright-Patterson Air Force Base), the importance of education and community outreach is necessary when it comes to supporting the social, emotional, and academic needs of these children. Ohio has the outstanding benefit of community and university support to offer countless resources to military families. With financial support of private donors and grants, OMK is a thriving program that offers year-round educational and recreational programs to youth of military families. In addition, OMK promotes and distributes resources to equip families with the skills and networks necessary to thrive as a successful military family, whether on reservist duties or actively serving. Events offered by OMK are intended to let military-connected youth know they are not alone. Youth build relationships with other children who are experiencing similar situations. Not only does every county in Ohio have military youth residing in them, every school district in the United States has military-connected youth. "Military-connected youth" are children, adolescents, or students with a close family member (parent, step parent, sibling, step-sibling, cousin) or friend serving in any branch of the United States Armed Forces in any status (active duty, reserve, or national guard). Ohio Military Kids offers several programs that support the youth and their families through the deployment cycle. Programs that will be highlighted in the presentation include hero camps, troop and family camps, youth and teen camps, and parent workshops. The mission of OMK is to empower and support the social, emotional, and academic needs of all Ohio National Guard and Reserve Component youth. OMK educates the public on the impact a deployment has on service members’ children, families, and communities through awareness-building and educational trainings with schools and community organizations. Through programming, OMK also educates the youth to build upon their resilience and how they can make the best of their unique situation. This conference poster will highlight recent trends in OMK involvement, promote the resources that are offered, and convey the resilience with which OMK programming equips military youth.AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Kayla Oberstadt, 4-H program manager, OSU Extension, [email protected] (Corresponding Author); Theresa Ferrari, OSU Extension specialist, 4-H youth development; Alexis Howell, 4-H student assistant, OSU Extension; Heather Corson, 4-H student assistant, OSU ExtensionOhio Military Kids (OMK) is a joint effort between OSU Extension 4-H youth development and Ohio National Guard Family Readiness and Warrior Support. OMK activities offer a positive opportunity to meet other children who face the unique family situations, stresses, and successes of a military family. Learn what OMK offers including camps and workshops, as well as the resilience developed by military youth who participate in our programs. Visit the OMK poster to see how to refer military families to our local resources, learn how you could become a volunteer, and how we, as a community, can support those families who bravely serve our country

    Partnering for a Resilient and Sustainable Future

    Get PDF
    Ohio Military Kids (OMK) is a joint partnership of OSU Extension 4-H youth development and Ohio National Guard Family Readiness and Warrior Support. There are roughly 30,000 Ohio children with a parent or guardian serving in the military. These 30,000 youth are spread across every county in Ohio; and 16 counties have more than 500 military youth residing in them. With only one active duty base in Ohio (Wright-Patterson Air Force Base), the importance of education and community outreach is necessary when it comes to supporting the social, emotional, and academic needs of these children. Ohio has the outstanding benefit of community and university support to offer countless resources to military families. With financial support of private donors and grants, OMK is a thriving program that offers year-round educational and recreational programs to youth of military families. In addition, OMK promotes and distributes resources to equip families with the skills and networks necessary to thrive as a successful military family, whether on reservist duties or actively serving. Events offered by OMK are intended to let military-connected youth know they are not alone. Youth build relationships with other children who are experiencing similar situations. Not only does every county in Ohio have military youth residing in them, every school district in the United States has military-connected youth. "Military-connected youth" are children, adolescents, or students with a close family member (parent, step parent, sibling, step-sibling, cousin) or friend serving in any branch of the United States Armed Forces in any status (active duty, reserve, or national guard). Ohio Military Kids offers several programs that support the youth and their families through the deployment cycle. Programs that will be highlighted in the presentation include hero camps, troop and family camps, youth and teen camps, and parent workshops. The mission of OMK is to empower and support the social, emotional, and academic needs of all Ohio National Guard and Reserve Component youth. OMK educates the public on the impact a deployment has on service members’ children, families, and communities through awareness-building and educational trainings with schools and community organizations. Through programming, OMK also educates the youth to build upon their resilience and how they can make the best of their unique situation. This conference poster will highlight recent trends in OMK involvement, promote the resources that are offered, and convey the resilience with which OMK programming equips military youth.AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Kayla Oberstadt, 4-H program manager, OSU Extension, [email protected] (Corresponding Author); Theresa Ferrari, OSU Extension specialist, 4-H youth development; Alexis Howell, 4-H student assistant, OSU Extension; Heather Corson, 4-H student assistant, OSU ExtensionOhio Military Kids (OMK) is a joint effort between OSU Extension 4-H youth development and Ohio National Guard Family Readiness and Warrior Support. OMK activities offer a positive opportunity to meet other children who face the unique family situations, stresses, and successes of a military family. Learn what OMK offers including camps and workshops, as well as the resilience developed by military youth who participate in our programs. Visit the OMK poster to see how to refer military families to our local resources, learn how you could become a volunteer, and how we, as a community, can support those families who bravely serve our country

    From inflammaging to healthy aging by dietary lifestyle choices: is epigenetics the key to personalized nutrition?

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    Effect of Geographical Distance and Fear-Based Visual Appeal in Environmental Communication

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    Visual environmental communication is a relatively new field within the communication continuum. Visual communication has been highly studied, and environmental communication has been studied, but there has been little interdisciplinary research. Further, some of the persuasive visual environmental communication used in the mass media is fear-based, and there isn’t enough information available to determine when these specific fear-based appeals are effective. When used incorrectly, the result of fear-based visual communication is not only ineffective, it can be detrimental (Joffe, 2008). The success of persuasion through visual communication depends on several factors, one of which is the viewer’s personal connection to the subject. This study compares opposite ends of the persuasive emotive spectrum: fear-based visual environmental communication and reassuring visual environmental communication. A second experiment measures attitude when fear-based visual environmental communication is paired with differing amounts of geographical distance, as a measure of physical proximity/personal connection. Subjects are undergraduate students from varying disciplines and the experiment measures their attitude change when presented with fear-based environmental imagery. There is a distinct need to be able to explain exactly how to visually present information to change an audience’s attitude, identify which audience is reached with which types of visual communication, specify how to entice an audience to engage and choose to use this message, and outline how to create a lasting attitude change

    Über einen neuen Eiernährboden

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    Untersuchungen zur epigenetischen Regulation der Arzneimittelresistenzgene MGMT, ABCB1 und ABCG2 in der Tumorentität Glioblastoma multiforme

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    Das Glioblastoma multiforme stellt den häufigsten primären Gehirntumor Erwachsener dar, der mit einer Überlebenszeit von 12-15 Monaten nach Diagnosestellung und einer 5-Jahresüberlebensrate von weniger als 5% einhergeht. Um in der Zukunft personalisierte Therapieverfahren für das Glioblastoma multiforme entwickeln und auf diese Weise das Überleben der Patienten verlängern zu können, wird nach relevanten molekularen Faktoren für die Malignität des Glioblastoma multiforme gesucht. Die DNA-Methylierung stellt einen bekannten Mechanismus für die epigenetische Modulation der Genexpression dar und spielt eine entscheidende Rolle in der Dysregulation von Protoonkogenen und Tumorsuppressorgenen während der Krebsentwicklung. Die Promotormethylierung des für das DNA-Reparaturenzym MGMT kodierenden Genes sowie die Arzneimitteltransporter ABCB1 und ABCG2 werden als Auslöser der Chemoresistenz des Glioblastoma multiforme diskutiert. Um die Promotormethylierung der Gene MGMT, ABCB1 und ABCG2 zu untersuchen, wurden in der vorliegenden Arbeit Pyrosequencing-Assays für die Methylierungsmessung der Genpromotoren von MGMT, ABCB1 und ABCG2 sorgfältig etabliert. Dabei wurde die Methode des Pyrosequencing zur Detektion der Methylierung gewählt, da diese eine exakte Quantifizierung des Methylierungsgehalts erlaubt. Die Ergebnisse der verwendeten Assays erwiesen sich als sehr valide und reliabel. Darüber hinaus wurde mittels Real Time-PCR die MGMT-, ABCB1- und ABCG2-Expression in den Glioblastomproben bestimmt. Da in der Fachliteratur Auswirkungen der Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) MGMT C-56T, ABCB1 C3435T und ABCG2 C421A auf die Expression und Funktion der in die Untersuchungen eingegangenen Gene beschrieben worden sind, wurden diese SNPs ebenfalls in den Glioblastomproben bestimmt und zu den Methylierungsdaten in Beziehung gesetzt. Durch die statistische Auswertung der erhobenen Promotormethylierungs- und Expressions- sowie SNP-Ergebnisse ergaben sich eine signifikant negative Korrelation zwischen MGMT-Methylierung und -Expression in den Glioblastomproben sowie ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen der MGMT-Methylierung und dem MGMT C-56T-Polymorphismus. Hinsichtlich der klinischen Daten der Glioblastompatienten konnte mittels bivariater und multivariater Cox-Analysen kein signifikanter Einfluss von MGMT-, ABCB1- und ABCG2-Promotormethylierung auf das Gesamtüberleben von Glioblastompatienten in der vorliegenden Arbeit festgestellt werden. Daneben war kein signifikanter Einfluss des Alters der Patienten bei Diagnosestellung sowie des Geschlechts auf die Promotormethylierung der Gene MGMT, ABCB1 und ABCG2 nachweisbar. Insgesamt kann geschlussfolgert werden, dass die MGMT-, ABCB1- und ABCG2-Promotormethylierung keine prognostische Relevanz für Glioblastompatienten besitzen und die Suche nach anderen molekularen Zielstrukturen in Glioblastomen, die möglicherweise eine prognostische Aussage oder die Grundlage für eine Therapieoptimierung für Patienten mit einem Glioblastom erbringen könnten, zu erwägen ist.Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common primary brain tumor in adults with an overall survival of 12-15 months after diagnosis and a 5 years survival rate of less than 5%. To develop personalized therapies for Glioblastoma multiforme in the future and thus to prolong the overall survival of patients research groups are looking for relevant molecular factors for the malignancy of Glioblastoma multiforme. The DNA methylation is known as mechanism of epigenetic modulation of gene expression and plays a pivotal role in the dysregulation of proto-oncogenes and tumorsuppressor genes during the development of cancer. The promoter methylation gene MGMT coding for a DNA reparation enzyme and ABCB1 and ABCG2 coding for drug transporter are seen as cause for chemoresistance in Glioblastoma multiforme. To investigate the promoter methylation of MGMT, ABCB1 and ABCG2 pyrosequencing assays have been established and used. Pyrosequencing assays have been used, because they are able to give an exact quantification of the methylation level. The results of these assays have been valid and reliable. Furthermore, Real Time PCR assays have been made to measure the MGMT, ABCB1 and ABCG2 expression in the Glioblastoma samples. Because effects of the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) MGMT C-56T, ABCB1 C3435T and ABCG2 C421A on expression and function of the genes have been described in the literature, these SNPs have been measured in the Glioblastoma samples and have been correlated to the methylation results. In this thesis a significant negative correlation between MGMT methylation and expression and a significant correlation between MGMT methylation and MGMT C-56T SNP have been shown. Regarding the clinical data of the patients, no significant connection of MGMT, ABCB1 and ABCG2 methylation with overall survival of the patients have been shown in bivariate as well as in multivariate Cox analyses. Furthermore, no significant effect of age at diagnosis and gender on the promoter methylation of the genes have been shown. In conclusion, MGMT, ABCB1 and ABCG2 promoter methylation do not have a prognostic relevance for Glioblastoma patients and the search for further molecular targets in Glioblastoma, which have prognostic relevance and may be the basis for a targeted therapy, is still needed

    Untersuchungen zur funktionellen Bedeutung des Transkriptionsfaktors MEF fĂĽr die stammzellvermittelte Genese des Glioblastoma multiforme

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    Trotz multimodaler Behandlungschemata bestehend aus Resektion, Chemotherapie und Radiatio stellt das Glioblastoma multiforme nach wie vor eine große Herausforderung auf onkologischem Gebiet dar. Dieser hochmaligne Hirntumor ist durch eine hohe zelluläre Proliferationsrate, diffuse Infiltration, Anwesenheit von Nekrosen, Angiogenese, mikrovaskuläre Hyperplasie, Apoptoseresistenz und genomische Instabilität charakterisiert. Aufgrund der Invasivität und Rezidivierung beträgt das mediane Gesamtüberleben der Patienten mit einem Glioblastom nur 15 Monate, so dass eine intensive Erforschung neuer Therapiestrategien zwingend erforderlich ist. Eine onkogene Funktion des Transkriptionsfaktors MEF (Myeloid ELF-1-like Factor) ist bereits für andere Tumorentitäten wie Ovarialkarzinome und akute myeloische Leukämie beschrieben. Seine Wirkung vermittelt MEF in diesen Tumoren sowohl über eine Inhibition des p53-Signalwegs als auch p53-unabhängig. In Gehirntumoren ist bislang die Bedeutung der Expression und Funktion von MEF vollkommen unerforscht. In der vorliegenden Arbeit kann erstmals eine signifikante Überexpression von MEF in humanen Glioblastomen verglichen mit gesundem Gehirngewebe nachgewiesen werden. Die Analyse der unterschiedlichen, molekularbiologisch definierten Subtypen des Glioblastoma multiforme zeigte, dass Patienten mit proneuralen Glioblastomen bei niedriger MEF-Expression signifikant länger überleben als Patienten desselben Subtyps mit hoher MEF-Expression. Eine signifikante Häufung der für den proneuralen Subtyp charakteristischen IDH1-Mutation unter den Patienten mit niedriger MEF-Expression und längerem Gesamtüberleben unterstreicht den Einfluss von MEF auf die Progression des proneuralen Glioblastomsubtyps. Äquivalent zu den humanen Daten überleben in einem speziell für den proneuralen Glioblastomsubtyp etablierten Mausmodell Gliom-tragende Mef-/--Mäuse signifikant länger als die entsprechenden Mef-exprimierenden Mäuse. Mef-/--Mäuse weisen zudem signifikant benignere Gliome als die Mef-exprimierenden Mäuse auf. Die Mef-abhängige Entstehung der Gliome wird zum einen über eine stärkere, p53-unabhängige Zellproliferation hervorgerufen, die mit einer erniedrigten p21-Expression in den Mef-exprimierenden Zellen verglichen mit den Mef-/--Zellen assoziiert ist. Zum anderen bewirkt MEF eine signifikante, p53-unabhängige Zunahme von tumorinitiierenden Glioblastomstammzellen sowie ihrer Selbsterneuerung, was anhand einer gesteigerten Neurosphärenbildung, einer Zunahme der die Stammzellen enthaltenden Side Population und einer verstärkten Expression des neuronalen Stammzellmarkers Nestin verdeutlicht wird. Zusätzliche Expressionsanalysen weisen darauf hin, dass MEF direkt über eine Regulation des Transkriptionsfaktors Sox2 als wichtige Komponente im Netzwerk der Stammzell-Signaltransduktion wirkt, während die Transkriptionsfaktoren Oct4 und Nanog möglicherweise indirekt durch MEF beeinflusst werden. Eine für die Radiotherapie von Glioblastompatienten relevante Funktion könnte MEF ebenfalls besitzen, da sich humane Glioblastomzellen gemäß Analysen der subG1-Phase des Zellzyklusses unter Radiotherapie signifikant apoptoseresistenter verhalten, wenn sie MEF exprimieren als bei dessen Verlust. Zusammenfassend geben die Daten dieser Arbeit Anlass zur Hoffnung, in MEF ein für die Tumorentität des Glioblastoma multiforme bedeutsames Onkogen identifiziert zu haben, welches neben seiner wissenschaftlichen Novität zukünftig im klinischen Alltag eine Bedeutung als prognostischer Marker haben könnte. Gemäß den Daten dieser Arbeit könnten insbesondere Patienten, die die molekularen Besonderheiten des proneuralen Subtyps, wie eine IDH1-Mutation, aufweisen, von einer individualisierten Therapie mit MEF-Inhibitoren profitieren, denn Patienten mit einem Glioblastom des proneuralen Subtyps sowie einer niedrigen MEF-Expression zeigen einen signifikanten Überlebensvorteil. Durch eine Behandlung mit einem MEF-Inhibitor könnte bei Glioblastompatienten des proneuralen Subtyps mit hoher MEF-Expression die Wirkung des Onkogens MEF gehemmt und damit das Überleben der Patienten verlängert werden.Glioblastoma multiforme is still a very challenging disease despite a multimodal therapy with surgery, chemotherapy and irradiation. This high malignant tumor is characterized by a high proliferation rate, diffuse infiltration, necrosis, angiogenesis, microvascular proliferation, apoptosis resistance and genomic instability. The median overall survival of glioblastoma patients still remains at 15 months because of the invasive growth and tumor recurrence, so that an intense research for new therapy strategies is needed. An oncogenic function of the transcription factor MEF (Myeloid ELF-1-like factor) is already known for other tumors like the ovarian carcinoma and the acute myeloid leukemia. The effects of MEF in these tumors are mediated by the inhibition of the p53 pathway as well as p53 independent. In brain tumors, the expression and function of MEF have not been investigated until know. A significant overexpression of MEF in human glioblastomas compared to control brain tissue has been described the first time in this thesis. The analysis of different subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme, defined by their molecular biological pattern, showed that patients with proneural glioblastomas and low MEF expression lived significantly longer than patients with the same subtype and high MEF expression. A significant accumulation of the IDH1 mutation, which is characteristic for the proneural subtype, in the patients with low MEF expression and longer overall survival emphasizes the impact of MEF on the progression of the proneural glioblastoma subtype. In agreement with the human data glioma-bearing Mef-/- mice live significantly longer in a proneural glioma mouse model compared to Mef expressing mice. Furthermore, Mef-/- mice show significant less malignant gliomas than Mef expressing mice. On the one hand, the Mef dependent gliomagenesis is mediated by a stronger, p53 independent cell proliferation, which is associated with a lower p21 expression in the Mef expressing cells than in Mef-/- cells. Moreover, MEF causes a significant, p53 independent increase of tumor initiating glioblastoma stem cells and of their self-renewal, detected by an increased neurosphere formation, an augmented Side Population and a higher expression of the neural stem cell marker Nestin. Further expression analyses point to a direct regulation of the transcription factor Sox2, a pivotal component in the network of stem cell signal transduction, by MEF. The transcription factors Oct4 and Nanog are potentially affected by MEF on an indirect way. MEF could be relevant for the irradiation of glioblastoma patients, because human glioblastoma cells behave significantly more resistant against apoptosis under irradiation, if they express MEF measured by subG1 analyses. In summary, the data of this thesis show, that MEF could be a pivotal oncogene for glioblastoma multiforme. In the future, MEF could gain in importance as a prognostic marker in gliomas. Referring to the data of this thesis, in particular patients with the molecular pattern of the proneural subtype, like the IDH1 mutation, could benefit from an individualized therapy with MEF inhibitors, because patients with a glioblastoma of the proneural subtype and a low MEF expression show a significant survival benefit. MEF inhibitors could disrupt the oncogenic effects of MEF for glioblastoma patients of the proneural subtype with high MEF expression and prolong the overall survival
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