CONCEPTUALIZING PASSIVE TRUST: THE CASE OF SMART GLASSES IN HEALTHCARE

In recent years the digitisation of healthcare has been moving forward. Emerging technologies, such as smart glasses, are being tested for allowing healthcare workers information access at the point of care, while being able to work hands-free. Yet it remains unclear how the use of smart glasses will affect the trust relationship between patients and caregivers. The patient is not an active user of the smart glasses but is nevertheless dependent on outcomes influenced by the smart glasses. The patient, therefore, becomes a passive trustor of this technology. Building up-on existing trust research literature, we present a research model and extend it by interviewing 20 patients about their experiences with caregivers and their perceptions regarding the use of smart glasses in healthcare. We find that communication with patients is a key driver of passive trust in technology and trust in caregivers. This research contributes to a better understanding of the trust relationship between patients and caregivers and provides insights into the construct of passive trust in technology. In order to extend the qualitative data analysis, future research should investigate the extent of the acceptance of smart glasses by patients within healthcare facilities

Detecting Edit Failures In Large Language Models: An Improved Specificity Benchmark

Recent model editing techniques promise to mitigate the problem of memorizing false or outdated associations during LLM training. However, we show that these techniques can introduce large unwanted side effects which are not detected by existing specificity benchmarks. We extend the existing CounterFact benchmark to include a dynamic component and dub our benchmark CounterFact+. Additionally, we extend the metrics used for measuring specificity by a principled KL divergence-based metric. We use this improved benchmark to evaluate recent model editing techniques and find that they suffer from low specificity. Our findings highlight the need for improved specificity benchmarks that identify and prevent unwanted side effects.Comment: To be published in ACL Findings 2023; for code see https://github.com/apartresearch/specificityplus; for a homepage see https://specificityplus.apartresearch.com

Bestimmung der Fledermausaktivität in Agroforstsystemen und angrenzenden Habitaten mittels N-mixture Modellen

Bat activity in agroforestry systems at the research station Scheyern was analyzed using a N-mixture model approach. Results show low bat activity but provide hints that agroforestry structures can increase bat activity in open agricultural habitats

Clinical performance of immediately placed and immediately loaded single implants in the esthetic zone: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the following PIO question: In adult patients treated with an indication for single tooth extraction in the maxillary esthetic zone (15-25), what is the influence of an immediate implant placement and immediate loading protocol on the clinical performance (primary aim) and esthetic outcomes (secondary aim) focusing on investigations published after 2010. MATERIAL AND METHODS An electronic search in Medline (PubMed), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EMBASE databases up to April 2022 was performed to identify clinical studies investigating the outcome of single implants subjected to immediate placement with immediate restoration/loading (Type 1A). RESULTS Sixty-three studies (10 randomized controlled trials, 28 prospective and 25 retrospective cohort studies) were included with a follow-up ranging from 12 to 96 months. One thousand nine hundred sixty-one implants reported survival rates of 99.2 (98.6-99.5) % at 1 year, 97.5 (95.9-98.4) % after 3 years, and 95.8 (93.3-97.4) % after 5 years; 1064 immediately loaded restorations presented survival rates of 98.9 (97.8-99.5) % after 1 year, 96.8 (93.6-98.4) % after 2 years, and 94.8 (89.6-97.4) % after 5 years. Comparing baseline to 12-month data using the Hedges' g effect size (95% CI), papilla height presented an overall effect size of -0.71 (-1.25, -0.1) mm, midfacial recession change of -0.15 (-0.66, 0.36) mm, and a 0.82 (0.37, 1.28) gain in PES. CONCLUSIONS Immediate implant placement and immediate loading can be considered a predictable and safe treatment option for single maxillary anterior restorations with adequate survival rates and favorable esthetics outcomes for up to 5 years

Impact pathways of small-scale energy projects in the global south : findings from a systematic evaluation

Access to clean and affordable modern energy services has been widely recognised as a significant factor for enabling social and economic development. Stand-alone systems and mini-grids are presumed to play an important role in the provision of sustainable energy to those people who currently lack access. Accordingly, an increasing number of small-scale energy projects are being implemented in developing countries and emerging economies. However, despite the large number of energy development projects, only limited evidence exists about the actual contribution they make to sustainable development. This paper addresses this research gap by providing a systematic assessment of three selected impact pathways based on the evaluation of over 30 small-scale sustainable energy projects. Applying a theory-based evaluation approach in the form of a contribution analysis, the aim of this research is to better understand if and how these types of technical interventions can create development outcomes and impacts. The results show that technological issues are often not the most decisive factor in achieving development effects, but that embedding the technology in a set of actions that address social, cultural, economic and environmental aspects is essential

Use of system of systems and decentralized optimization concepts for integrated traffic control via dynamic signalization and embedded speed recommendation

Summarization: In the frame of the European research project Local4Global, urban traffic control is one of the demonstrative use cases of a developed decentralized control method based on the Technical System of Systems (TSoS) concept and using machine learning capabilities. TSoS concept consists of dividing the system to semiautonomous elementary systems, called constituent systems, which shall enjoy to a major extent a local decision possibility. A remaining part of the decision shall be made after exchanging information between all participating systems to learn from each other and improve the overall performance. In the traffic context, two basic classes of constituent systems are suggested: dynamically signalized traffic junctions and connected vehicles with speed control capabilities. Both traffic signals and vehicle speed controls receive a correction from the L4GCAO global optimizer in a bigger and common control cycle, namely each day. This paper describes the methodology and the results of a VISSIM microscopic traffic simulation of a road section situated near Munich. For the strategy evaluation, the results in terms of the performance index, waiting time per link, coordination proportion, mean network speed and travel time are compared to a baseline. This is during off peak demand a currently running fixed green wave signalization and during rush hour demand on the evening time of day signalization, having additional both demands combined with a speed recommendation with corrections. First results show that during rush hour the overall performance is improved compared to the initial scenario, nevertheless in low demands opposite situation is observed. A general advantage of such method is that it is easily scalable and transposable to other portions of the network. Since machine learning capabilities are introduced, algorithms are self-adaptive to yearly and seasonally varying demand and no important human involvement is needed. An outlook is given, how to transfer the strategy to the real road and test it in a field test.Presented on: Transportation Research Procedi