Bactericidal and Bacteriostatic effect of sesame oil, olive oil and their synergism on Escherichia coli in vitro

Background and aims: Escherichia coli is one of the important bacteria in nosocomial infections and its resistance to a wide range of antibiotics caused many problems for doctors and patients. So, it was attempted to find new substitution for these antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial effect of olive oil, sesame oil and their synergism on E. coli. Methods: In this study, olive oil and sesame oil were extracted by cold press assay and standard strain of lyophilized E. coli ATCC 25922 was prepared from the Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology. Olive oil, sesame oil and their synergism, with the same proportion, in concentrations of 2 mg/ml to 1024 mg/ml were made individually and their MBC and MIC amounts were determined by broth micro dilution. Results: This study declared MIC and MBC for olive oil; 16 mg/ml and 64 mg/ml, for sesame oil and their mixture; 64 mg/ml and 265mg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The study showed that both oils and their synergism inhibits the growth of bacteria and the antibacterial properties of sesame oil is approximately equal to the mixture of olive oil and sesame oil and although the oils have good antibacterial effect, there was no synergetic effect in these oils

Evaluation of antibacterial effect of sesame oil, olive oil and their synergism on Staphylococcus aureus in vitro

Background and aims: Nosocomial infections are the main cause of the problems related to health and health care costs. One of the pathogens that causes these infections is Staphylococcus aureus. Its resistance to antibiotics forced researchers to find herbal substitution such as Sesame and Olive. This study was aimed to determine antibacterial effect of sesame oil, olive oil and their synergism on S. aureus. Methods: In this experimental study, at first, olive oil and sesame oil was extracted by cold press assay and the mixture of them was prepared with equal proportion of both oils, and then the standard strain of lyophilized S. aureus ATCC 25923 was prepared from the Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology. To determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the oils, micro-broth dilution method was used. Results: This study indicated the amounts of MIC for sesame oil, olive oil and their synergism; 32 mg/ml, 32 mg/ml, 8 mg/ml and the amounts of MBC; 128 mg/ml, 128 mg/ml, 32 mg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The results showed the same antibacterial activity for olive oil and sesame oil. It also showed that mixture of these oils enhances the growth inhibitory and bactericidal properties of the oils compared to using them individually

Modelling the regional vulnerability to Echinococcosis based on environmental factors using fuzzy inference system: A case study of Lorestan Province, west of Iran

Background and aim: Echinococcosis as a zoonosis disease is one of the most important parasitic helminth that is affected by many risk factors such as the environmental factors. Thus, we predicted the regional vulnerability to Echinococcosis based on environmental factors using a fuzzy inference system (FIS) in Lorestan Province. Methods: Our study was cross-sectional study on 200 patients from Lorestan Province (west of Iran) who underwent surgery for hydatidosis between October 2005 and November 2014. In order to model the vulnerability to Echinococcosis, first we determined the effective environmental variables. In the next step, the FIS was designed and implemented using MATLAB v.2012 software. Thus, definition and determination of linguistic variables, linguistic values, and their range were performed based on expert knowledge. Then, the membership functions of inputs (environmental variables) and output (vulnerability to Echinococcosis) were defined. A fuzzy rules base was formed. Also, the defuzzification of output was done using a centroid defuzzification function. To test the accuracy of the predictive model, we calculated the AUC (to this purpose, we used four different thresholds, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) using IDRISI Selva v.17.0 software. Results: Based on the results of this study, Aligoudarz and Koohdasht counties were identified as a highest and lowest risk area in Lorestan, respectively. The results showed that a predictive model was more efficient than a random model (AUC>0.5). Also, potential vulnerable areas cover 78.29% at threshold of 5%, 60.72% at threshold of 10%, 43.54% at threshold of 15%, and 39.82% at threshold of 20% of the study area. Conclusion: According to the success of this research, we emphasized the necessity of attention to fuzzy approach to model vulnerability to hydatidosis. This approach can provide a practical economic basis for making informed preventive services decisions and the allocation of health resources

The relationship of colorectal cancer with familial history of gastrointestinal cancers and personal history of colon polyps in Khorramabad(2012)

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of familial history of gastrointestinal cancers and personal history of colon polyps with colorectal cancer incidence in khorramabad in 2012. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 50 patients with definite diagnosis of colon cancer based on colonoscopy and pathology in 2012. The control group included 56 persons from outpatients without a history of gastrointestinal diseases admitted to the skin and eye clinics of shohada ashayer hospital, who were matched with the patients for age and gender. The two groups were studied in terms of familial history of gastrointestinal diseases in immediate relatives and personal history of colorectal polyps using a self-constructed questionnaire. Fisher exact test and odds ratio estimate was used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.8±15.5 years old, and 56% were male. A significant relationship was found between familial history of gastric and colon cancers in immediate relatives and colorectal cancer incidence in the patients (p<0.05). The odds ratio estimate of colorectal cancer incidence in the individuals with a positive history of gastric cancer and colon cancers in immediate relatives were respectively 3.96(CI=1.44-6.61) and 6.75 (CI=2.4-11.1) times of the estimate in the control individuals. No significant relationship was found between a history of esophageal cancers in immediate relatives with colon cancer incidence in the patients (p=0.61). Moreover, a significant relationship was found between a history of colon polyps and colorectal cancer incidence (p=0.004). Conclusion: The results of the present study should be confirmed in the further studies with larger sample sizes, so that serious measures to control the cancer can be taken through developing comprehensive prevention programs based on screening

The comparison and relationship of social support and stress with life satisfaction among the elderly of Khorramabad city in 2013

Background : Elderly is a worldwide problem which at a near future will be considered as one of the most important social and welfare challenges in developing countries. Therefore in this research social support and life satisfaction of the elderly resident in sanatorium compared with those living with family. Materials and Methods: This analytic-epidemiologic study carried out on 120 male and female elders (60 in sanatorium and 60 in home) selected by systematic and cluster random method. For measuring life satisfaction, Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSQ) (with reliability 0.89) and for social support, Social Support and Stress Scale (SSSS) were used. Data were analyzed using correlation and U Mann-Whitney by SPSS 20 software. Results: The results showed a positive and significant correlation (r=0.746, p<0.05) between social support and life satisfaction and stress had the revers and significant relation (r=-0.383, p<0.05) with life satisfaction. Also results showed that indexes of life satisfaction, stress and social support have a significant different in elders resting in sanatorium and family (p<0/05). Conclusion: Based on the results, social support and coping with stress especially family stress cause increasing life satisfaction level in elders

Prognosis and complications of tracheal stenosis and tracheal reconstructive surgery in patients referred to al-zahra hospital in isfahan province during a ten-year period: A single referral center experience

The aim of this study is, to evaluate the prognosis and complications of tracheal stenosis and tracheal reconstructive surgery. This descriptive study was conducted on patients with surgical repairing of tracheal stenosis in thorax surgery center of Al-Zahra hospital in Isfahan province (center of Iran) during a ten-year period (April 2003 to March 2013). Sampling method was census and information was collected through researcher by a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, post-operative complications, the number of need for bronchoscopy and the current status of patients, presence of tracheostomy at the time of presentation, intubation causes, intubation period, type of endotracheal tube, clinical symptoms of tracheal stenosis, time of beginning of symptom after extubation, length of removed part of trachea, complications, time of hospitalization, and the view of patients about their status after surgery. After collecting and completing information about patients, the data was analyzed through descriptive statistical techniques using SPSS software. Fifty-two patients with surgical repairing of post-intubation tracheal stenosis were studied, 75% of them were males. The mean age of patients was 39.15±2.67 years old. The most common chief complaint was dyspnea in 39 patients (75%). Wound infection was recorded in 4 patients (7.7%), as well as dysfunction of vocal cord was recorded in 8 cases (15.4%) and anastomosis failure was recorded in 1 patient (1.9%). On the other hand, recurrence of stenosis occurred in 11 patients (21.2%). Failure of surgical treatment observed in 14 patients (3 cases dead during or after surgery and 11 cases required re-dilatation). The surgical treatment was successful in 38 other cases (73%). We note that by adding the 7 cases that were improved by re-dilatation the success rate of surgical treatment increase from 73% to 86.5%. Tracheal stenosis is one of the important complications of intubation. This complication is the most common cause of partial resection of trachea. So recognizing these complications is helpful for effective treatment planning