Evaluation Of The Bioactivities Of Medical Plants

Birçok hastalıktan korunmada ve hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılan 32 tıbbi bitkisel ekstrenin (Sedum acre-H2O, Salvia vertisillata-H2O, Equisetum pallustre-H2O, Centaurea iberica-H2O, Cotinus coggygria-H2O, Alkanna tinctoria-H2O, Alnus glutinosa-H2O, Lapsana communis-H2O, Colutea cilicica (meyve)-H2O, Colutea cilicica (herba)-H2O, Laurus nobilis-ACE, L. nobilis-Hx, Citrus sinensis-ACE, Plantago majör-H2O, Olea europea-H2O, O. europea-Hx, Sambucus ebulus-H2O, S. ebulus-Hx, Rhus coriaria-H2O, Citrus paradise-MeOH, C. paradise-ACE, Cuscuta arvensis-H2O, C. arvensis-MeOH, C. arvensis-EtOAc, C. arvensis-DCM, C. arvensis-Hx, Thymus Capitatus-HD, T. Capitatus- SFE, Thymbra spicata-HD, T. spicata-SFE, Calamintha nepeta-HD ve C. nepeta-SFE) biyoaktiviteleri araştırılmıştır. Bu ekstrelerin sıvı (broth) mikrodilüsyon yöntemi ile antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Sitotoksisiteleri MTT yöntemi ile HeLa hücre kültüründe araştırılıp, GraphPad Prism (5.0) istatistik programı ile istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. En yüksek antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip ekstrelerin (7) Escherichia coli ve Staphylococcus aureus DNA giraz gen bölgesi üzerine etkileri ters transkripsiyon gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (RT-qPCR) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmalar sonucunda, tıbbi ekstrelerin denenen gram negatif bakterilere (E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii), gram pozitif bakterilere (S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, S. epidermidis), mantarlara (Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis), dermatofitlere (Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum gypseum), Mycobacterium tuberculosis ve M. avium a karşı 1 128 µg/ml aktivite gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Denenen bitkisel ekstrelerde herhangi bir sitotoksisiteye rastlanmamıştır. DNA giraz aktivitesi; DNA giraz gen (DNA gyrA) ekspresyonunun inhibisyonu ile 661 bant yoğunluktaki en önemli düşüşe göre T. capitatus-SFE (128 µg/ml) ve L. nobilis-Hx (128 µg/ml) ekstre örneklerinde tespit edilmiştir.Bioactivities of a number of medical plant extracts (32 extracts; Sedum acre-H2O, Salvia vertisillata-H2O, Equisetum pallustre-H2O, Centaurea iberica-H2O, Cotinus coggygria- H2O, Alkanna tinctoria-H2O, Alnus glutinosa-H2O, Lapsana communis-H2O, Colutea cilicica fruit-H2O, Colutea cilicica herba-H2O, Laurus nobilis-ACE, L. nobilis-Hx, Citrus sinensis-ACE, Plantago majör-H2O, Olea europea-H2O, O. europea-Hx, Sambucus ebulus-H2O, S. ebulus-Hx, Rhus coriaria-H2O, Citrus paradise-MeOH, C. paradise-ACE, Cuscuta arvensis-H2O, C. arvensis-MeOH, C. arvensis-EtOAc, C. arvensis-DCM, C. arvensis-Hx, Thymus Capitatus-HD, T. Capitatus-SFE, Thymbra spicata-HD, T. spicata- SFE, Calamintha nepeta-HD and C. nepeta-SFE), which are used for the prevention and in the treatment of many diseases, were investigated. The extracts were evaluated by using broth microdilution assay to determine their antimicrobial activity. The cytotoxicity of plant extracts were investigated on HeLa cell line by using the MTT assay. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism (5.0) software program. The effect of the extracts (7), which have the highest antimicrobial activity, on the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase enzyme gene region were determined by using reverse transcription real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). According to the results of the research the plant extracts have antimicrobial activity (1-128 µg/ml) against gram positive bacteria (S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, S. epidermidis), gram negative bacteria (E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii), fungus (Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis), dermatophyte (Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum gypseum) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. avium. No cytotoxicity has been observed in plant extracts tested. DNA gyrase activity was determined in T. capitatus-SFE (128 µg/ml) and L. nobilis-Hx (128 µg/ml ) extacts samples according to the inhibition of DNA gyrase gene expression and the decrease in 661 band intensity