Kinetic Studies of Lipid Exchanges in Red Cell Membranes in Hereditary High Red Cell Membrane Phosphatidylcholine Hemolytic Anemia : Reference to the Abnormal Accumulation of Phosphatidylcholine in These Membranes

The pathogenesis of the accumulation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in red cell membranes of the patients with hereditary high red cell membrane phosphatidylcholine hemolytic anemia (HPCHA) was studied utilizing 14C-PC and 14C-lyso-PC. The uptake of 14C-PC was not significantly different in the red cell membranes with HPCHA from that in normal controls and obstructive jaundice in whom red cell membrane PC and free cholesterol (FC) were elevated to the same extent as that in HPCHA. The efflux of 14C-PC with HPCHA was slightly decreased, in comparison with that in the normal controls and obstructive jaundice. The most striking data were obtained in the uptake of 14C-lyso-PC by the red cells of the HPCHA patients, showing more than two fold increase when compared with that in the normal control. The conversion of 14C-lyso-PC to 14C-PC was increased in comparison with that in the normal controls and obstructive jaundice. In summary, the exact cause of the abnormal accumulation of PC through increased uptake of lyso-PC, followed by the increased conversion of lyso-PC to PC is unknown. In obstructive jaundice of an acquired origin, some compensatory mechanism may exist to prevent the further accumulation of lipids in the red cell membranes

Human metaphase chromosome consists of randomly arranged chromatin fibres with up to 30-nm diameter

Wako, T., Yoshida, A., Kato, J. et al. Human metaphase chromosome consists of randomly arranged chromatin fibres with up to 30-nm diameter. Sci Rep 10, 8948 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65842-z

Long-term variation in the upper atmosphere as seen in the geomagnetic solar quiet daily variation

Characteristics of long-term variation in the amplitude of solar quiet (Sq) geomagnetic field daily variation have been investigated using 1-h geomagnetic field data obtained from 69 geomagnetic observation stations within the period of 1947 to 2013. The Sq amplitude observed at these geomagnetic stations showed a clear dependence on the 10- to 12-year solar activity cycle and tended to be enhanced during each solar maximum phase. The Sq amplitude was the smallest around the minimum of solar cycle 23/24 in 2008 to 2009. The relationship between the solar F10.7 index and Sq amplitude was approximately linear but about 53% of geomagnetic stations showed a weak nonlinear relation to the solar F10.7 index. In order to remove the effect of solar activity seen in the long-term variation of the Sq amplitude, we calculated a linear or second-order fitting curve between the solar F10.7 index and Sq amplitude during 1947 to 2013 and examined the residual Sq amplitude, which is defined as the deviation from the fitting curve. As a result, the majority of trends in the residual Sq amplitude that passed through a trend test showed negative values over a wide region. This tendency was relatively strong in Europe, India, the eastern part of Canada, and New Zealand. The relationship between the magnetic field intensity at 100-km altitude and residual Sq amplitude showed an anti-correlation for about 71% of the geomagnetic stations. Furthermore, the residual Sq amplitude at the equatorial station (Addis Ababa) was anti-correlated with the absolute value of the magnetic field inclination. This implies movement of the equatorial electrojet due to the secular variation of the ambient magnetic field

Long-term Variation in the Upper Atmosphere as Seen in the Geomagnetic Solar Quiet (Sq) Daily Variation

Asia Oceania Geoscience Society 2013, 2013/06/25, Brisbane, Australi