Removal of COD and Colour from Sanitary Landfill Leachate by using Coagulation – Fenton’s Process

This study investigated two methods for the removal of COD and colour fromsanitary landfill leachates. The first method involved the use of  coagulation/flocculation process using FeCl3 as a conventional coagulant and Ca(OH)2 as base-precipitant. The second method involved integration of Fenton’s reagent into the coagulation/flocculation process. Concentration of FeCl3 that reduced chemical oxygen demand (COD), and color by 37 and62% is 1000mg/l. Fenton-coagulation flocculation process reduced the COD and color of the leachates by 88 and 98% respectively. The optimum conditions for the effectiveness of Fenton’s reagent, namely temperature, pH, H2O2 and coagulant dose were studied. @JASE

Industrial wastewater treatment using natural material as adsorbent

Attempts were made to compare the adsorption efficiency of coconut shell-based granular activated carbon with the adsorption efficiency of commercial carbon, Calgon carbon F-300, with respect to adsorption of organic matter from a beverage industrial wastewater. Freundlich adsorption isothermwas used to analyze the adsorption efficiencies of the two activated carbons. These studies indicate that acid-activated coconut shell carbon had higher adsorption for organic matter expressed as chemical oxygen demand, (COD), than barium chloride-activated coconut shell carbon and Calgoncarbon (F-300) at all carbon dosages used. Thus, the potential for using agricultural waste (coconut shell) that litter our environment may be valuable resources for removal of organic matter from industrial wastewate

Coagulation / flocculation process in the removal of trace metals present in industrial wastewater

Attempts were made in this study to examine the effectiveness of polymer addition to coagulation process during treatment of a beverage industrial wastewater to remove some of its trace metals content such as lead, cadmium, total iron, total chromium, nickel and zinc. Experiments were conducted using the standard Jar test procedure to determine the performance of both ferric chloride and organic polymer (a non-ionic polyacrylamide) individually and ferric chloride-polymer combination. The dosages used for ferric chloride ranged from 0 to 500mg/l, whereas polymer dosages varied between 0 and 100mg/l. The (optimal) removal efficiency for total chromium in the wastewater was obtained at 300mg /l for ferric chloride and 65mg/l for polymer. Whereas for zinc and total iron, the optimal removal efficiencies were obtained at 500mg/l for ferric chloride and 65mg/l for polymer. Addition of ferric chloride resulted in significant removal of the metals reaching up to 91%, 72% and 54% of total chromium, zinc and total iron respectively while addition of polymer achieved 95%, 87% and 88% of total chromium, zinc and total iron respectively. Ferric chloride produced more voluminous and more compacted sludge than polymer. Combinations of ferric chloride and polymer at different ratio achieved better removal efficiencies of the metals in the range 84-97% for total chromium, 69-90% for zinc and 69-92% for total iron, also less sludge was produced. Lead, cadmium and nickel were not detected in the raw wastewater

Coagulation / flocculation process in the removal of trace metals present in industrial wastewater

Attempts were made in this study to examine the effectiveness of polymer addition to coagulation process during treatment of a beverage industrial wastewater to remove some of its trace metals content such as lead, cadmium, total iron, total chromium, nickel and zinc. Experiments were conducted using the standard Jar test procedure to determine the performance of both ferric chloride and organic polymer (a non-ionic polyacrylamide) individually and ferric chloride-polymer combination. The dosages used for ferric chloride ranged from 0 to 500mg/l, whereas polymer dosages varied between 0 and 100mg/l. The (optimal) removal efficiency for total chromium in the wastewater was obtained at 300mg /l for ferric chloride and 65mg/l for polymer. Whereas for zinc and total iron, the optimal removal efficiencies were obtained at 500mg/l for ferric chloride and 65mg/l for polymer. Addition of ferric chloride resulted in significant removal of the metals reaching up to 91%, 72% and 54% of total chromium, zinc and total iron respectively while addition of polymer achieved 95%, 87% and 88% of total chromium, zinc and total iron respectively. Ferric chloride produced more voluminous and more compacted sludge than polymer. Combinations of ferric chloride and polymer at different ratio achieved better removal efficiencies of the metals in the range 84-97% for total chromium, 69-90% for zinc and 69-92% for total iron, also less sludge was produced. Lead, cadmium and nickel were not detected in the raw wastewater. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Vol. 10(3) 2006: 159-16

Chemical interaction, interfacial effect and the microstructural characterization of the induced zinc–aluminum–Solanum tuberosum in chloride solution on mild steel

In this study, we report the effect of Solanum tuberosum (ST) as a strong additive on the morphological interaction, wear, and hardness properties of electroplated zinc coating in chloride bath solutions. The structural and the mechanical behavior of the Zn–Al–ST coating were studied and compared with the properties of Zn coatings. Characterization of the electrodeposited coatings were carried out using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, AFM, and X-ray diffraction techniques. The adhesion between the coatings and substrate was examined mechanically using hardness and wear techniques. From the results, amorphous Zn–Al–ST coatings were effectively obtained by electrodeposition using direct current. The coating morphology was revealed to be reliant on the bath composition containing strong leveling additives. From all indications, ST content contribute to a strong interfacial surface effect leading to crack-free and better morphology, good hardness properties, and improved wear resistance due to the precipitation of Zn2Si and Zn7Al2Si3. Hence, addition of ST is beneficial for the structural strengthening, hardness, and wear resistance properties of such coatings

Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment by Combined Chemical Coagulation and Electrocoagulation Process

Slaughterhouse wastewater contains various and high amounts of organic matter (e.g., proteins, blood, fat and lard). In order to produce an effluent suitable for stream discharge, chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation techniques have been particularly explored at the laboratory pilot scale for organic compounds removal from slaughterhouse effluent. The purpose of this work was to investigate the feasibility of treating cattle-slaughterhouse wastewater by combined chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation process to achieve the required standards. The influence of the operating variables such as coagulant dose, electrical potential and reaction time on the removal efficiencies of major pollutants was determined. The rate of removal of pollutants linearly increased with increasing doses of PACl and applied voltage. COD and BOD5 removal of more than 99% was obtained by adding 100 mg/L PACl and applied voltage 40 V. The experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of chemical and electrochemical techniques for the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewaters. Consequently, combined processes are inferred to be superior to electrocoagulation alone for the removal of both organic and inorganic compounds from cattle-slaughterhouse wastewater

Chitosan Grafted Modified Maize Cob for Removal of Lead And Chromium from Wastewater

No abstract