Haemorrhagic Vaginal Discharge Following Ovariectomy in a Three Year Old Domestic Short-haired Cat

Nigerian Veterinary Journal, VOL:33 (1) 403-40

Analysis of Social Economic Factors Affecting Cocoa Production in Ile Oluji Community of Ondo State, Nigeria

Ile Oluji is one of the communities known for cocoa production in the South West of Nigeria and thus selected to examine the factors responsible for decline in cocoa production in the country. Primary data was collected using a well-structured questionnaire and oral interview administered to 250 cocoa farmers selected across the 6 wards of the community using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data obtained were analyzed descriptively using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, 23). Further analysis of the data through linear regression and analysis of variance at P ≤ 0.05 showed that all the factors, such as gender, sex, age, fungicides used and household size investigated are significant to the production of cocoa in this community. Younger ones, as well as women are to be encouraged to go into cocoa farming while the local breeds should be replaced with the hybrid for improved production

Effect of vegetative cover and slope on soil loss by erosion using rainfall simulator

Top soil is very important for crop production but it is usually washed away in the tropical countries like Nigeria by erosion due to heavy rainfall with high intensity. In this study, a rainfall simulator was used to determine the quantity of soil loss (sediment load) from a bare soil and vegetative cover soil under different slopes. The slopes of the land for plots 1 to 5 for a bare soil varied from 5.20 to 9.7 % but for a vegetative cover soil (grown with grasses), the slopes varied from 2.8 to 3.2 %. The uniformity coefficient and drop velocity of the rainfall simulator used were 84.4 % and 8.156 m/s, respectively. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam and the area of coverage by rainfall simulator was 3 by 3 m. Soil loss (sediment load) for a vegetative cover soil for slopes 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1 and 3.2 % were 0.252, 0.358, 0.350, 0.371 and 0.422 kg, respectively. Soil loss from a bared soil for slopes 5.2, 6.7, 9.0, 9.6 and 9.7 % were 1.045, 1.070, 1.100, 2.266 and 3.121 kg, respectively. Vegetative cover soil with grasses reduced the runoff volume and soil loss. Runoff volume and soil loss increased as slope of the land increases.Keywords: erodibility, erosion, erosivity, rainfall simulator, soil los

Myositis Ossificans Circumscripta of the Supra-orbital Region: A Case Report

Myositis ossificans circumscripta is a pathological condition characterized by formation of bony tissue within the skeletal muscles following repeated trauma. A case of myositis ossificans circumscripta of thesupra-orbital region in a 25-year-old man is presented and the pertinent literature is reviewed. To the best our knowledge this benign lesion has not been reported previously in the orbital region the world literature. Clinically the patient presented with a swelling and proptosis of the right eye. Radiologically there was a rounded opacity with well defined margin. Lesion was initially misdiagnosed as a fibroosseous lesion; however microscopic examination indicated matured myositis ossificans. Lesion was excised via a bicoronal flap. Careful clinical, radiological and pathologic evaluation is required to make this uncommon diagnosis in an unusual location such as the supra-orbital region to avoid unnecessary surgical mutilation of the patien

Utilization of sun-dried on-farm generated poultry litter as a feed resource for growing-finishing pigs

Forty eight (48) growing-finishing pigs (36.11 ± 1.26 kg) were allotted to three dietary treatment groups of 0, 33.33 and 66.67% sun-dried on-farm generated poultry litter (SOPL) as a replacement for 30% maize in diets of growing-finishing pigs on weight basis to assess its implication on the chemical composition of the feed, growth performance and blood chemistry of the pigs. Each treatment was replicated four times with 4 pigs/replicate in a completely randomized design. The diets were formulated to contain 16 - 19% crude protein and the pigs housed in concrete floored pens containing feeding and watering troughs for the duration of the study. The results obtained in this study revealed some numerical differences in the crude protein and fibre contents of the SOPL diets over the controldiet. Increases were also recorded in the acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) fractions of the diets as a result of the replacement levels of SOPL. Daily weight gains and the efficiency of feed utilization of the growing pigs were not significantly (P > 0.05) influenced by the graded levels of SOPL. Replacement of maize with 33 and 66% SOPL resulted in 10.4 -20.9% reduction in the cost of feed/kg. This in turn resulted in 15 - 25% reduction in the cost of feed required for an additional kg gain/pig when the graded levels of SOPL was fed to the pigs. An increased level of up to 66% SOPL resulted in a depression (P < 0.05) in the values of packed cell volume (PCV) and white blood cells (WBC) while the hemoglobin, serum glucose, urea, creatinine and glutamate pyruvate transaninase values of the pigs across the groups were unaffected (P > 0.05). However, variations recorded in the values of the red blood cells (RBC) and alkaline phosphatase did not follow any particular trend. The values of the serum total protein, albumin and cholesterol values increased significantly (P < 0.05)

Congenital bilateral fusion of the maxillomandibular alveolar processes with craniosynostosis: report ofa rare case

A rare congenital anomaly of maxillomandibular fusion with pectus excavatum and craniosynostosis in a neonate is presented. The child was kept alive by nasogastric tube feeding.Amodification of classification of syngnathia is proposed. The aetiopathogenesis and difficulty in management in our environment are discussed. Keywords: Bilateral; alveolar fusion; craniosynostosis; pectus excavatum Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Vol. 11 (1) 2008: pp.78-8

Microbial flora of the gastro-intestinal tract of Clarias gariepinus caught from river Dandaru Ibadan, Nigeria

The study reports the microbial load and diversity in the gastro-intestinal tract of Clarias gariepinus caught in River Dandaru, Ibadan. A set of adult samples of Clarias gariepinus was caught from the river Dandaru, Ibadan. Determination of microbial loads and characterization of microorganisms present in the gut region of the captured Clarias gariepinus were carried out using standard microbiological procedures. The fungi isolated were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium atrovenetum and Penicillium expansum while the bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus alvei, Aeromonas hydrophilia, Bacillus megaterium, Flavobacterium rigense and Enterobacter aerogenes. The microbial counts were; total plate count 6.5 x 105 CFUs/g, total coliform count 1.9 x104 CFUs/g, total anaerobic count 4.2 x 102 CFUs/g, total faecal coliform count was 2.2 x 103 CFU/ml, total fungi count 3.0 x 103 spore/g.Keywords: Microbial Load,Catfish gut, Microbial diversity, River Dandar

Introduction of Improved Okra (NHAe47-4) Variety as a Means of Economic Enhancement of Farmers in Ido Village, Ido Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria

The study was carried out to introduce improved okra (NHAe47-4) variety to farmers in Ido Village in Ido Local Government of Oyo State using SAFE approach to agricultural extension which includes; capacity building among farmers to enable them diagnoses their problems, identify solutions and develop plans and implement them with or without support from outside. Farmers in the studied area were selected and a group was formed comprising of twelve (12) members. Sensitization and awareness creation were conducted in the study area through series of activities such as facilitating, interactive group discussions and several meetings with the farmers were held to orientate them of the improved okra variety through teaching and management techniques. Descriptive statistical tool such as frequency distribution and percentages was used to analyze the objectives. At the end of the harvesting and whole exercise, the group (farmers) was interviewed verbally to know their levels of awareness for adoption and their general view about the improved variety in relation to the normal okra variety they were used to. The farmers embraced the technology and they were actively participated through demonstration method exercise. Having known all the techniques involved in the production cycle, the farmers also tried the technology on their individual plot which served as an encouragement factor for adoption. The study thus resulted into improving the standard of living and economic enhancement of the farmers in the study area

A comparative assessment of public and private dots laboratories in the Lagos state TB control programme

Background: The purpose of the laboratory services within the framework of the NTP is to provide bacteriologic evidence for the diagnosis, follow-up of TB patients and to document cure at the end of treatment. However to be fully functional, laboratory commodities should be available as needed. This study compared the laboratory hygiene practices and availability of laboratory equipment and other consumables for making diagnosis of TB in public and private DOTS laboratories in Lagos State.Methods: A descriptive comparative cross sectional study comparing availability of commodities in public and private laboratories involved in TB services in Lagos State.Results: Seventeen DOTS laboratories and 34 laboratory scientist/technician were recruited for this study. About three quarter and two thirds of the public and private DOTS laboratories respectively had reagents for smear microscopy. A significantly higher proportion of the public DOTS laboratories had separate area for TB work and separate table for smear preparation (p <0.05). A higher proportion (71.4%) of the laboratory scientist/ technicians at the public compared with 38.5% of those at the private DOTS laboratories had good knowledge of the laboratory diagnosis of TB.Conclusion: Laboratories involved in TB service are not functioning optimally and need to be strengthened.Key Words: Laboratory, DOTS, Consumables, Hygiene.French AbstractContexte : L’objet des services des laboratoires dans le cadre du NTP est de fournir les preuves bactériologiques pour le diagnostic, de suivre les patients tuberculeux et de documenter la guérison a la fin du traitement. Toutefois, pour être pleinement fonctionnel, les produits de laboratoire devraient être disponibles au besoin. Cette recherche comparait les pratiques hygiènes de laboratoire et la disponibilité des équipements de laboratoire et autres consommables pour faire le diagnostic de la tuberculose aux laboratoires de DOTS publics et prives dans l’État de Lagos.Méthodes : Une étude transversale comparative et transversale descriptive comparant la disponibilité des produits aux laboratoires publics et prives  concernes a fournir aux services tuberculeux dans l’état de Lagos.Résultats : Dix – sept laboratoires de DOTS et 34 scientifiques/techniciens ont été recrutés pour cette recherche. Environ trois quarts et deux tiers des laboratoires de DOT publics et prives ont eu réactif respectivement pour la microscopie des frottis. Une proportion significativement plus élevée des laboratoires de DOTS publics a eu un espace séparé pour les travaux de la tuberculose et une table séparée pour la préparation des frottis (p<0,05). Une proportion élevée(71,4%) des scientifiques/techniciens des laboratoires publics comparativement a 38,5% de ceux des laboratoires de DOTS prives avaient une bonne connaissance de diagnostic laboratoire de la tuberculose.Conclusion : Les laboratoires qui ont concerné a fournir les services tuberculeux ne fonctionnent pas de la façon optimale et doivent être renforcés.Mots– clés : Laboratoire, DOTS, consommables, Hygiène

Case report: Actinomycosis in a West African dwarf goat in Nigeria

Actinomycosis, also called Lumpy jaw is a chronic, progressive, indurated, granulomatous, suppurative abscess that most frequently involves the mandible, the maxillae or other bony tissues in the head. It is a sporadic but common disease in cattle, occasional in pigs and horses and rarely in goats (Radostits et al., 2007). Members of the genus Actinomyces are Gram positive, non-acid fast, non-spore forming rods (Songer and Post, 2005) that form a mycelium of branching filaments that fragment into irregular-sized rods (Blood et al., 2007). The species that commonly cause disease in domestic animals include A. bovis, A. hordeovulneris, A. hyovaginalis, A. israelii, A. naeslundii, A. suis, A. viscosus and Arcanobacterium pyogenes (Songer and Post, 2005). Actinomyces bovis is a common inhabitant of the bovine mouth and infection is presumed to occur through wounds to the buccal mucosa caused by sharp pieces of feed or foreign material. Infection may also occur through dental alveoli, and may account for the more common occurrence of the disease in young cattle when the teeth are erupting (Radostits et al., 2007).Actinomyces viscosus causes periodontal disease and subgingival plaques in hamsters fed a high carbohydrate diet, and also abscessation in dogs (Timoney et al., 1988) in which it is an opportunistic infection (Blood et al., 2007). The present report describes a case of actinomycosis due to A. viscosus involving a doe in a herd of 42 West African Dwarf (WAD) goats kept intensively at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria