Subsurface probe and hydrochemical analysis for the purpose of siting waste landfill

This paper deals with the probing of the subsurface by electrical resistivity method and hydrochemical analysis for the purpose of siting waste landfill. The landfill design made provision for secured containment of the segregated waste and associated leachate from man and industrial activities. The waste types that are disposed of in the landfill are mainly domestic and non-hazardous industrial wastes. The hydrochemical analysis of the surface/groundwater and geophysical exploration were carried out at Egbeleku landfill dump site in Delta state. Two vertical electrical sounding (VES) locations around the waste landfill were carried out. Both VES have a total Cumulative thickness of 94.10 and 71.90 m with resistivities of 263.00 and 274.00 ohm-m, respectively. The hydrochemical analysis of the groundwater samples collected at boreholes within the waste landfill site environ was analyzed for physio - chemical parameters to test for water quality. In this study, the geophysical investigation revealed the presence of aquifer layer and the tendency of groundwater pollution but appropriate installation of a well-designed basal lining system to monitor groundwater quality through well-placed monitoring boreholes are determined

Two-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Investigation of Plants Roots and its Implication in University of Benin Engineering Field, Ugbowo, Edo State, Nigeria

The geophysical study of the spread of plant roots have become imperative due to its effect on buildings. Most buildings constructed close to trees; without taking into consideration the extent of root spread, have experienced cracks which sometimes lead to the collapse of such buildings. To investigate the horizontal and vertical spread of plant roots at the University of Benin Engineering field, Edo State, Nigeria, a two-dimensional electrical resistivity imaging was done using the Wenner-Schlumberger array configuration. Data were collected along two profiles; profile 1 was taken along tree paths and profile 2 along grassland area, some distance from profile 1. Profile 1 showed a very resistive top layer underlain by a low resistive layer. The top layer which appeared to be highly resistive was due to the presence of fluid absorbers within that layer. The fluid absorbers are the roots from the trees which are distributed both vertically and horizontally within the layer. With the inversion results, the depths of the roots were estimated to be between 5.00m and 7.50m from the surface; with resistivity values of between 610.00\u3a9m to 1700 \u3a9m. The resistivity distribution obtained in profile 2 appears to be more homogeneous than the results obtained from profile 1 with resistivity values of between 320 \u3a9m to 3500.00 \u3a9m from the top layer to the bottom layer. The uniformity in the resistivity distribution with depth was due to the absence of tree roots within the formation

Geoelectrical investigation and hydrochemical analysis of groundwater in a waste dump environment, Isolo, Lagos

Geoelectrical and hydrochemical analysis of groundwater in a waste dump environment was carried out to investigate the effect of the infiltrations of leachates and other sources of pollution from waste dump on groundwater. This was done by engaging the vertical electrical sounding method and laboratory water sample analysis. An Abem SAS 3000 terrameter was used to acquire the geophysical data from the vicinity of a major dumpsite called Oke Afa refuse dumpsite at Isolo, Lagos. The WINRESIST (version1.0) software was adopted in the interpretation of the survey data. Groundwater samples from boreholes were collected from the vicinity of the dumpsite with the aim of assessing the physiochemical impacts of the waste dumps on the quality of groundwater. Levels of various physiochemical parameters investigated include total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and hardness using standard analytical methods. Traces of metals like Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg and Na were equally determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Unicam model 911). Many of the parameters determined following the specification of the World Health Organisation (WHO), groundwater samples in the area were found to be inadmissible for human consumption. This raises the question of toxicities of these elements, hence it is a threat to man. This shows that the groundwater is polluted because of the high conductivity of the water samples. This was confirmed by the water analysis from the study area in the laboratory.Key words: Geoelectrical investigation, hydrochemical analysis, major dumpsite, groundwater

Effect of the varation of hollow core diameter in rectangula plain concrete beams

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Two-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Investigation of Plants Roots and its Implication in University of Benin Engineering Field, Ugbowo, Edo State, Nigeria

The geophysical study of the spread of plant roots have become imperative due to its effect on buildings. Most buildings constructed close to trees; without taking into consideration the extent of root spread, have experienced cracks which sometimes lead to the collapse of such buildings. To investigate the horizontal and vertical spread of plant roots at the University of Benin Engineering field, Edo State, Nigeria, a two-dimensional electrical resistivity imaging was done using the Wenner-Schlumberger array configuration. Data were collected along two profiles; profile 1 was taken along tree paths and profile 2 along grassland area, some distance from profile 1. Profile 1 showed a very resistive top layer underlain by a low resistive layer. The top layer which appeared to be highly resistive was due to the presence of fluid absorbers within that layer. The fluid absorbers are the roots from the trees which are distributed both vertically and horizontally within the layer. With the inversion results, the depths of the roots were estimated to be between 5.00m and 7.50m from the surface; with resistivity values of between 610.00Ωm to 1700 Ωm. The resistivity distribution obtained in profile 2 appears to be more homogeneous than the results obtained from profile 1 with resistivity values of between 320 Ωm to 3500.00 Ωm from the top layer to the bottom layer. The uniformity in the resistivity distribution with depth was due to the absence of tree roots within the formation Keywords: Tree roots, inhomogeneous, resistivit

Application of Dar Zarrouk parameters to evaluate aquifer transmissivity in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria

The evaluation of the aquifer transmissivity in Ekpoma area of Edo State,Nigeria, was carried out by the application of the Dar Zarrouk Parameter (DZP). The Schlumberger array configuration in electrical resistivity survey was adopted in acquiring the data. The geoelectric parameters were obtained from the interpretation of the data by the Schlumberger automatic analysis. The average electrical properties of each unit in layered geoelectric section were described by the Dar Zarrouk Parameter and a coefficient of anisotropyl . From the evaluation, the study showed that the aquifer transmissivity in the location gives Tr1: Tr2: Tr3: = Kd(2.341 × 106): Kd(2.705 ×106): Kd(2.400 × 106) = (2.341 × 106): (2.705j × 106): (2.400 × 106)