Interviews with Wilson G. Shelley, Paul Sissel, Lark Lyn Gunther, Ida L. Phillips, May Swanson and Frank Gull

Interviews with Wilson G. Shelley, Paul Sissel, Lark Lyn Gunther, Ida L. Phillips, May Swanson and Frank Gull. This recording is unavailable.https://scholars.fhsu.edu/sackett/1101/thumbnail.jp

Volatile Production and Lipid Oxidation of Irradiated Cooked Sausage with Different Packaging

Irradiation dose had a significant effect on the production of volatiles in both vacuum- and aerobic-packaged cooked pork sausage, but its effect on the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values was minor. Storage increased the production of volatiles and changed the composition of volatiles only in aerobic-packaged sausage. Among the volatile components, 1-heptene and 1-nonene were influenced most by irradiation dose, and aldehydes by packaging type. The TBARS values and volatiles of vacuum-packaged irradiated cooked sausage had very low correlation.The TBARS, however, had very high correlation with the amount of aldehydes and total volatiles, and ketones and alcohols with long retention times in aerobic-packaged pork sausage. Heptene and 1-nonene could be used as indicators for irradiation, and propanal, pentanal, and hexanal for the oxygen-dependent changes of cooked meat. The results indicated that irradiation had some effect on lipid oxidation of cooked pork sausages, especially with aerobic packaging, but oxygen availability (packaging) to meat during storage had much stronger impact. The low correlations of irradiation-dependent volatiles (e.g., 1-heptene and 1-nonene) with TBARS values regardless of packaging and storage conditions indicated that volatile compounds responsible for irradiation odor were different from those of lipid oxidation odor in cooked pork sausages

Packaging and Irradiation Effects on Lipid Oxidation and Volatiles in Cooked Pork Patties

Packaging, irradiation, and the length of storage of raw meat were important factors in lipid oxidation of cooked meat. Preventing oxygen exposure after cooking, however, was more important in preventing lipid oxidation of cooked meat than the raw meat treatments. Cooking itself did not increase thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values. The structural damages caused by the cooking process made it easy for oxygen to contact with membrane lipids and accelerated lipid oxidation. Propanal, pentanal, hexanal, 1-pentanol, and total volatiles were highly correlated (P\u3c0.01) with TBARS values of cooked meat. Among the volatile components, hexanal and total volatiles content provided the best criteria for determining lipid oxidation status and off-odor production in cooked meat. However, the relationships between TBARS values and aldehydes of cooked meat from various muscles were different from each other, and the explanation for different aldehydes/TBARS values in cooked meat from different muscle types requires further study

Effect of Muscle Type, Packaging, and Irradiation on Lipid Oxidation, Volatile Production, and Color in Raw Pork Patties

Irradiation and high fat content accelerated the lipid oxidation in raw meat during storage. Oxygen availability during storage, however, was more important than irradiation on the lipid oxidation and color values of raw patties. Irradiated meat produced more volatiles than nonirradiated patties, and the proportion of volatiles varied by the packagingirradiation conditions of patties. Irradiation produced many unidentified volatiles that could be responsible for the off-odor in irradiated raw meat. No single volatile components but total volatiles, however, could be used to predict lipid oxidation status of raw meat. The results show that if patties are vacuumpackaged before irradiation and during storage, raw patties can be stored for 2 weeks without problems in lipid oxidation. Many volatile components produced by irradiation were not directly related to the lipid oxidation status of raw meat but were related to the irradiation odor. Identification of these components would shed light on the mechanisms and the source of the volatiles produced by irradiatio

Targeted Food Marketing to Youth: Engaging Professionals in an Online Environment

The use of technology provides unique ways to create an engaged online community of learning for professionals that can be integrated into existing and future Extension programming. The Targeted Food Marketing to Youth online professional development course uses strategies and tools to create and support an engaged online community

The Hanle Effect in 1D, 2D and 3D

This paper addresses the problem of scattering line polarization and the Hanle effect in one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) media for the case of a two-level model atom without lower-level polarization and assuming complete frequency redistribution. The theoretical framework chosen for its formulation is the QED theory of Landi Degl'Innocenti (1983), which specifies the excitation state of the atoms in terms of the irreducible tensor components of the atomic density matrix. The self-consistent values of these density-matrix elements is to be determined by solving jointly the kinetic and radiative transfer equations for the Stokes parameters. We show how to achieve this by generalizing to Non-LTE polarization transfer the Jacobi-based ALI method of Olson et al. (1986) and the iterative schemes based on Gauss-Seidel iteration of Trujillo Bueno and Fabiani Bendicho (1995). These methods essentially maintain the simplicity of the Lambda-iteration method, but their convergence rate is extremely high. Finally, some 1D and 2D model calculations are presented that illustrate the effect of horizontal atmospheric inhomogeneities on magnetic and non-magnetic resonance line polarization signals.Comment: 14 pages and 5 figure

The Iowa Homemaker vol.28, no.6

Your Dream Man, Margaret Wallace, page 3 County Home Economist, Ruth Foster, page 4 Mirror, Mirror On the Wall, Emogene Olson, page 6 I Resolve, Katherine Williams, page 7 These Women Drivers, Merritt Bailey, page 8 Vicky, Jo Ann Breckenridge, page 10 What’s New, Peggy Krenek, page 14 American Dietetic Association, Christine Thomson, page 1

The Iowa Homemaker vol.28, no.1

Housemothers Enjoy Personal Ties, Janet Sutherland, page 2 Your Hope Chest Plans, Jo Ann Breckenridge, page 3 Select Your Electives Now, Barbara Parson, page 4 With Spring – Sport’s The Thing, Barbara Allen, page 5 You Can Make Packing Fun, Patricia Close, page 7 Vicky Boasts – Bring On The Rain, Katherine Williams, page 8 Wee Listeners Join Radio Fans, Lee Ann Smiley, page 10 Zipper History Has Ups and Downs, Margaret Leveson, page 12 Simple Corsages That You Can Make, Emogene Olson, page 15 Keeping Up with Today, Mary West, page 1

Risk Factors for Seizures Among Young Children Monitored With Continuous Electroencephalography in Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study

Objective: cEEG is an emerging technology for which there are no clear guidelines for patient selection or length of monitoring. The purpose of this study was to identify subgroups of pediatric patients with high incidence of seizures.Study Design: We conducted a retrospective study on 517 children monitored by cEEG in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a children's hospital. The children were stratified using an age threshold selection method. Using regression modeling, we analyzed significant risk factors for increased seizure risk in younger and older children. Using two alternative correction procedures, we also considered a relevant comparison group to mitigate selection bias and to provide a perspective for our findings.Results: We discovered an approximate risk threshold of 14 months: below this threshold, the seizure risk increases dramatically. The older children had an overall seizure rate of 18%, and previous seizures were the only significant risk factor. In contrast, the younger children had an overall seizure rate of 45%, and the seizures were significantly associated with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE; p = 0.007), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH; p = 0.005), and central nervous system (CNS) infection (p = 0.02). Children with HIE, ICH, or CNS infection accounted for 61% of all seizure patients diagnosed through cEEG under 14 months.Conclusions: An extremely high incidence of seizures prevails among critically ill children under 14 months, particularly those with HIE, ICH, or CNS infection