Work organization and technological resources in broiler production - An ergonomics approach

Ergonomic Work Analysis has made it possible to identify the main factors behind the difficulties encountered by workers in (routinely) performing their tasks. The purpose of this work was studying the relationship between the forms of work organization, the technology used in broiler production, and the impacts of both factors on this type of work from an ergonomics perspective. Both teamwork and cooperation among workers were proven to help minimizing efforts and achieving better results. If on one hand higher technological level adopted could elicit using a smaller number of workers as well as make broiler handling easier and more effective/precise, on the other hand it generated sub-tasks and made equipment operation much more dependent upon close supervision by the workers. So at the same time as the physical stress on the workers was being reduced with lighter load being carried, psychic stress was being increased with the pressure of close supervision. The analysis of production results expressed by the Production Factor (PF) indicator used in an advanced trend analysis using the Technology Utility tool, has shown that properties with a totally or partly familial workforce achieved better production results than those using a patronal workforce, possibly resulting from the fact that workers within a family-based workforce have more autonomy and, therefore, become more motivated to pursue their goals, and that facilitates achieving good results.631465

Family farming, multifunctionality of agriculture and rurality. Interfaces of a complex reality

The last decades witnessed the revitalization of the debate around family farming with the addition of discussions regarding the multiple functions of agriculture, given the fact that rural areas are longer devoted exclusively to agricultural activities. In the Brazilian context, we believed that this debate must be permeated by analyses of how differentiated processes of land distribution and economic development, and the resulting types of agriculture, generate specific ruralities with characteristics such as, in the case of family farming, the maintenance of social and work practices marked by the relations among relatives and neighbours. It is in this light that this research analyses family agriculture in a rural area of Ouro Fino-MG, its historical heritage, and its participation in the creation of a physical and human landscape that greatly contributes to the attractiveness of the region.4291707171

Proteomic analysis of the reproductive tract fluids from tropically-adapted Santa Ines rams

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)The present study is focused on the proteome of reproductive tract fluids from tropically-adapted Santa Ines rams. Seminal plasma, cauda epididymal (CEF) and vesicular gland fluid (VGF) proteins were analyzed by 2-D electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Seminal plasma maps contained 302 +/- 16 spots, within the 4-7 pH range. From these maps, 73 spots were identified, corresponding to 41 proteins. Ram Seminal Vesicle Proteins (RSVP) 14 and 22 kDa and bodhesins 1 and 2 represented the most abundant seminal components. Other seminal proteins included clusterin, angiotensin-converting enzyme, matrix metalloproteinase-2, tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, plasma glutamate carboxypeptidase, albumin, lactoferrin, alpha enolase, peroxiredoxin, leucine aminopeptidase, beta-galactosidase, among others. Later, seminal plasma gels were run within narrow pH intervals (3.9-5.1; 4.7-5.9; 5.5-6.7), allowing the additional identification of 21 proteins not detected in 4-7 pH maps. Major proteins of CEF and VGF were albumin and transferrin, and RSVPs, respectively. Western blots confirmed that RSVPs were mainly present in VGF while bodhesins, in VGF and CEF. Based on RT-PCR, RSVP and bodhesin genes were primarily expressed in the vesicular glands. In summary, the reproductive tract fluids of Brazilian hairy rams contain several categories of proteins, with potential roles in sperm protection, capacitation, acrosome reaction and sperm-oocyte interaction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Farm animal proteomics. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.7514SI44364456Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Ceara State Research Foundation (FUNCAP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES