Comparative Anatomy Of Cotyledons And Eophylls Laminas Of Ten Species Of Caesalpinioideae (fabaceae) [anatomia Comparada Dos Limbos Cotiledonares E Eofilares De Dez Espécies De Caesalpinioideae (fabaceae)]

The anatomy of cotyledons and eophylls laminas of Caesalpinia leiostachya (Benth.) Ducke, Dimorphandra mollis Benth., Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub., Pterogyne nitens Tul., Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Blake (Caesalpinieae), Cassia ferruginea (Schrad.) Schrad. ex DC., Senna multijuga (Rich.) Irwin & Barn. (Cassieae), Bauhinia forficata Link (Cercideae), Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. and Hymenaea stilbocarpa Hayne (Detarieae) was compared. In most species, cotyledons epidermal cells presented straight anticlinal walls and eophylls had sinuous ones. Most of cotyledons were amphistomatic, while eophylls, hypostomatic. Cotyledons had homogeneous mesophylls, and eophylls dorsiventral ones. There are specific variation on the presence and distribution of starch grains, phenolic compounds, lipids, and polysaccharides. Cotyledons and eophylls presented collateral vascular bundles, with fibers and/or parenchyma sheath, in which crystals often occur. 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Two New Species Of Heterocoma (asteraceae: Vernonieae) And A Broadened Concept Of The Genus

A new concept of the genus Heterocoma is presented based on morphological and anatomical evidence. The genus is characterized by the combination of foliose subinvolucral bracts, fimbrillate or paleaceous receptacles, glabrous cypselae, and a caducous biseriate pappus (at least the inner series). A putative synapomorphy of the genus is the presence of phytomelanin in the cypselae walls. The monotypic genera Bishopalea, Sipolisia, and Xerxes are synonymized under Heterocoma with the following new combinations: Heterocoma ekmaniana, Heterocoma erecta, and Heterocoma lanuginosa. Two new species, Heterocoma gracilis and Heterocoma robinsoniana, are described and illustrated. The genus is endemic to the campos rupestres of the Brazilian Central Plateau. A key to the six species recognized in Heterocoma is provided. © 2013 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists.381242252Baker, J.G., Compositae I. Vernoniaceae (1873) Flora Brasiliensis, 6 (2), pp. 5-180. , eds. C. F. 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Paris: Le NormantCassini, H., Fimbrilles (1820) Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles dans Lequel on Traite Méthodiquement des Différents Êtres de la Nature, 17, p. 56. , 2nd edition ed. F. Cuvier. Strasbourg: Levrault. Paris: Le NormantCassini, H., Hololépide (1821) Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles dans Lequel on Traite Méthodiquement des Différents Êtres de la Nature, 21, pp. 307-309. , 2nd edition ed. F. Cuvier. Strasbourg: Levrault. Paris: Le NormantEndress, P.K., Disentangling confusions in inflorescencemorphology: Patterns and diversity of reproductive shoot ramification in angiosperms (2010) Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 48, pp. 225-239Glaziou, A.F.M., Composées (pt 1). Plantae Brasiliae centralis a Glaziou lectae. 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Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Sub-Committee in March 2010. Available from [accessed February 2011]Johansen, D.A., (1940) Plant Microtechnique, , New York: McGraw-HillKeeley, S.C., Robinson, H., Vernonieae (2009) Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of Compositae, pp. 439-469. , eds V. A. Funk, A. Susanna, T. F. Stuessy, and R. J. Bayer. Wien: IAPTKeeley, S.C., Forsman, Z.H., Chan, R., A phylogeny of the "evil tribe" (Vernonieae: Compositae) reveals Old/New World long distance dispersal: Support from separate and combined congruent datasets (trnL-F, ndhF, ITS) (2007) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 44 (1), pp. 89-103. , DOI 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.024, PII S105579030600515XLoeuille, B., (2011) Towards A Phylogenetic Classification of Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernonieae), , Ph. D. thesis. 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Fracionamento de carboidratos e degradabilidade ruminal da cana-de-açúcar tratada com óxido de cálcio

Avaliaram-se o fracionamento de carboidratos e a degradabilidade in situ da matéria seca (MS) e da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) da cana-de-açúcar tratada com óxido de cálcio (CaO). Foram testadas as porcentagens de 0; 0,75; 1,5; 2,25; 3,0; 3,75 e 4,5% de CaO, e o material testemunha (cana-de-açúcar in natura) para a avaliação do fracionamento de carboidratos, e as porcentagens de 0; 1,5; 3,0 e 4,5% de CaO para a avaliação da degradabilidade in situ da MS e da FDN. O CaO foi adicionado em pó na cana-de-açúcar, em porcentagem da matéria natural, por 24 horas. A porcentagem de inclusão de CaO na cana-de-açúcar proporcionou valores mais baixos para teores de carboidratos totais (CT) comparados aos valores da cana-de-açúcar in natura. Observou-se crescimento linear das frações A+B1 e B2, e redução na fração C da cana-de-açúcar em função da porcentagem de CaO. Os maiores valores de fração insolúvel potencialmente degradável da MS e menores de fração indigestível (Ip) da FDN foram observados na cana-de-açúcar com 3,0 e 4,5% de CaO. A adição de 3,0 e 4,5% de CaO na cana-de-açúcar promove diminuição da fração indigestível dos carboidratos e melhores taxas de degradação ruminal tanto da MS quanto da FDN