Transport diphasique de gaz et de condensat. Aspects techniques et économiques

L'évacuation diphasique de la production d'un gisement de gaz à condensat présente des avantages importants, en particulier sur le plan économique. Les caractéristiques des écoulements diphasiques sont exposées, avec les conséquences principales sur la définition d'un schéma d'exploitation. Une comparaison économique est ensuite présentée, pour illustrer la réduction des investissements qui peut être apportée par l'évacuation diphasique de la production. Enfin, les recherches françaises sur les écoulements diphasiques dans les conduites pétrolières sont brièvement décrites, ainsi qu'un exemple de calcul sur une conduite de gaz à condensat en exploitation diphasique

Identification of markers of sensory quality in ground coffee: an untargeted metabolomics approach

ntroduction In the last years, consumers increased the demand for high-quality and healthy beverages, including coffee. To date, among the techniques potentially available to determine the overall quality of coffee beverages, metabolomics is emerging as a valuable tool. Objective In this study, 47 ground coffee samples were selected during the 2018 Edition of the \u201cInternational coffee tasting\u201d (ICT) in order to provide discrimination based on both chemical and sensory profiles. In particular, 20 samples received a gold medal (\u201chigh quality\u201d group), while lower sensory scores characterized 27 samples (without medal). Methods Untargeted metabolomics based on ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight (UHPLC-QTOF) and head space-gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry platforms followed by multivariate statistical approaches (i.e., both supervised and unsupervised) were used to provide new insight into the searching of potential markers of sensory quality. Results Several compounds were identified, including polyphenols, alkaloids, diazines, and Maillard reaction products. Also, the headspace/GC-MS highlighted the most important volatile compounds. Polyphenols were scarcely correlated to the sensory parameters, whilst the OPLS-DA models built using typical coffee metabolites and volatile/Maillard compounds possessed prediction values\u2009>\u20090.7. The \u201chigh quality\u201d group showed specific metabolomic signatures, thus corroborating the results from the sensory analysis. Overall, methyl pentanoate (ROC value\u2009=\u20090.78), 2-furfurylthiol (ROC value\u2009=\u20090.75), and L-Homoserine (ROC value\u2009=\u20090.74) established the higher number of significant (p\u2009<\u20090.05) correlations with the sensory parameters. Conclusion Although ad-hoc studies are advisable to further confirm the proposed markers, this study demonstrates the suitability of untargeted metabolomics for evaluating coffee quality and the potential correlations with the sensory attributes

Correlation between Chemical Composition and Sensory Properties of Brazilian Sugarcane Spirits ( Cachaças

The correlation between the chemical composition and the sensory data for 28 cachaça samples was investigated using principal component analysis (PCA). A chemical model was then developed using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to classify the distillate samples according to their sensory qualities. This model presented predictive abilities of calibration and validation of 87.4 and 100%, respectively, and was able to recognize correctly 7 out of 9 additional samples according to their sensory evaluations, showing itself as a potential alternative tool of recognizing cachaça sensory qualities

Popsophia, teoria e pratica di un nuovo genere filosofico

La prima monografia in Italia dedicata al genere della pop-filosofia. Il volume, curato da Lucrezia Ercoli, direttrice artistica di Popsophia (www.popsophia.it), raccoglie gli interventi di trenta filosofi, giornalisti e giovani ricercatori che hanno raccontato con le parole della filosofia il mondo variegato della cultura di massa contemporanea