Helicobacter pylori infection of gastric cancercells elevates the level of expression and activation of protein kinase D2

Aim: To test the hypothesis, whether H. pylori infection may affect the level of PKD2 expression and/or activation in gastric cancer cells. Methods: Studies were performed on AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, gastric tissues samples from 36 cases of different histological variants of gastric cancer. Immunohistochemical, cell and molecular biology, bacteriological and biochemical approaches have been used in this study. Results: H. pylori 16S rRNA gene was detected in 97% cases of gastric tumors, and in 83% of cases cаgA gene was detected. In all tested adenocarcinoma samples cagA+ H. pylori was revealed. These cases were characterized by high level of PKD1/2 expression and autophosphorylation. In adenogenic cancer samples the presence of cagA– H. pylori was identified. Carcinoid and nondifferentiated gastric cancers contain H. pylori, with very low numbers of cagA+ copies. All cases of gastric tumors with cagA– H. pylori had very low levels of PKD1/2 autophosphorylation. AGS cell line infection with cagA– and cagA+ H. рylori resulted in elevation of PKD2 expression levels in 3.29 and 3.66 times respectively (p < 0.001). In cells infected by cag+ H. рylori the level of PKD2 transphosphorylation was 1.39 higher than in cells infected by cagA– H. pylori. For PKD2 autophosphorylation this difference was even higher — 3.27 times (p < 0.001). Conclusion: H. pylori infection enhanced the level of protein kinase D2 expression, trans- and autophosphorylation. The level of PKD2 autophosphorylation/activation was higher in AGS cell line inoculated of with cag+ H. pylori than in AGS cells with cagA– H. pylori. These suggest that H. pylori induces activation of PKD1/2 and could exploit PKD2 mediated signaling pathways that may contribute to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer

ВЛИЯНИЕ МЕСТНОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПОЛИОКСИДОНИЯ НА СИМПТОМЫ И ХАРАКТЕР ТЕЧЕНИЯ ОСТРОЙ РЕСПИРАТОРНОЙ ВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ У ДЕТЕЙ: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ МНОГОЦЕНТРОВОГО ДВОЙНОГО СЛЕПОГО ПЛАЦЕБО-КОНТРОЛИРУЕМОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ

Aim. To confirm advantages of Polyoxidonium® local application therapeutic effect in comparison with placebo when being used as a part of complex therapy in children aged 1 to 12 years diagnosed with acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI). Materials and methods. The study included 155 children aged 1 to 12 years diagnosed with ARVI. The study group included 76 children in whom complex therapy included Polyoxidonium® and comparison group included 79 children who received placebo as a part of complex therapy. The study outcome measures evaluating therapy effectiveness included intoxication symptoms, nasal mucosa inflammation dynamics, total sum of the symptoms points at the 3rd, 5th, and 8th days of treatment, and the duration of fever. Results. According to study results the advantage of Polyoxidonium® use in comparison with placebo in complex treatment of children aged 1 to 12 years diagnosed with ARVI was established. Inclusion of Polyoxidonium in complex ARVI treatment in children allows to provide better control of intoxication symptoms to decrease severity of symptoms such as “nasal discharge” and “nasal blockage” by the 5th day of treatment, to double the amount of patients without the “nasal discharge” symptom by the 3rd and 5th days of treatment, and to decrease the severity of infection inflammatory process. Conclusion. Local application of Polyoxidonium® in complex treatment of ARVI in children aged 1 to 12 years showed clinical effectiveness and safety.Цель. Подтверждение превосходства терапевтического эффекта местного применения препарата Полиоксидоний® по сравнению с плацебо при использовании в составе комплексной терапии у детей в возрасте от 1 до 12 лет с диагнозом «острая респираторная вирусная инфекция» (ОРВИ). Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 155 детей в возрасте от 1 до 12 лет с диагнозом ОРВИ: основную группу составили 76 детей, в комплексную терапию которых включен препарат Полиоксидоний®, группу сравнения составили 79 детей, в комплексную терапию которых включено плацебо. В исследовании в качестве критериев оценки эффективности терапии оценивали динамику симптомов интоксикации, симптомов воспаления слизистой оболочки носа, общей суммы всех симптомов в баллах к 3, 5 и 8-му дню лечения, длительность периода лихорадки. Результаты. По результатам исследования можно констатировать превосходство применения Полиоксидония по сравнению с плацебо в комплексной терапии детей от 1 до 12 лет с ОРВИ. Включение Полиоксидония в состав комплексного лечения ОРВИ у детей дает возможность лучше контролировать симптомы интоксикации, уменьшить выраженность симптомов «Выделения из носа» и «Заложенность носа» к 5-му дню терапии, увеличить в 2 раза число пациентов с отсутствием симптома «Выделения из носа» к 3 и 5-му дню терапии, снизить тяжесть течения инфекционно-воспалительного процесса. Заключение. Местное применение препарата Полиоксидоний® в комплексном лечении ОРВИ у детей от 1 до 12 лет является клинически эффективным и безопасным

Crystal structure of Rb2[GeO2(OH)2] •2H2O

Single crystals of Rb2[GeO2(OH)2] • 2H2O are studied by X-ray diffraction. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic system, sp. gr. Pna21, a = 13.523(6) Å, b = 8.143(4) Å, c = 13.407(6) Å, Z = 8, R 1 = 0.0506. In [GeO2(OH)2]2- anions, the Ge-O distances (1.71-1.73(1) Å) are shorter than the Ge-OH distances (1.76-1.80(1) Å). Anions are linked to each other by pairs of hydrogen bonds to form infinite chains. The chains are linked by hydrogen bonds involving water molecules to form a 3D structure. The assignment of the bands in the IR spectrum of the compound under study is performed. © Nauka/Interperiodica 2006

Crystal structure of Rb2[GeO2(OH)2] •2H2O

Single crystals of Rb2[GeO2(OH)2] • 2H2O are studied by X-ray diffraction. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic system, sp. gr. Pna21, a = 13.523(6) Å, b = 8.143(4) Å, c = 13.407(6) Å, Z = 8, R 1 = 0.0506. In [GeO2(OH)2]2- anions, the Ge-O distances (1.71-1.73(1) Å) are shorter than the Ge-OH distances (1.76-1.80(1) Å). Anions are linked to each other by pairs of hydrogen bonds to form infinite chains. The chains are linked by hydrogen bonds involving water molecules to form a 3D structure. The assignment of the bands in the IR spectrum of the compound under study is performed. © Nauka/Interperiodica 2006

Interaction of components in the NaOH-TiO2 · H 2O-H2O system at 25°C

Solubilities in the NaOH TiO2 · H2O-H 2O system at 25°C were studied. The solubility isotherm was found to have two maxima. The formation of two compounds, Na2Ti 5O11 · 10H2O and Na2Ti 3O7 · 7H2O, was established. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2011

Structural features and acid-base properties of hydrated zirconium, hafnium, tin, and lead dioxides

On the basis of structural and pH-metric titration data for suspensions of hydrated zirconium, hafnium, tin, and lead dioxides, it is demonstrated that the acidic properties become weaker while the basic properties become stronger in the sequence Hf-Zr-Sn-Pb. The dependence of these properties on the temperature of the sample pretreatment was revealed. Copyright © 2005 by Pleiades Publishing, Inc

Interaction of components in the NaOH-TiO2 · H 2O-H2O system at 25°C

Solubilities in the NaOH TiO2 · H2O-H 2O system at 25°C were studied. The solubility isotherm was found to have two maxima. The formation of two compounds, Na2Ti 5O11 · 10H2O and Na2Ti 3O7 · 7H2O, was established. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2011

Structural features and acid-base properties of hydrated zirconium, hafnium, tin, and lead dioxides

On the basis of structural and pH-metric titration data for suspensions of hydrated zirconium, hafnium, tin, and lead dioxides, it is demonstrated that the acidic properties become weaker while the basic properties become stronger in the sequence Hf-Zr-Sn-Pb. The dependence of these properties on the temperature of the sample pretreatment was revealed. Copyright © 2005 by Pleiades Publishing, Inc