10 research outputs found

    Criticality and phase separation in a two-dimensional binary colloidal fluid induced by the solvent critical behavior

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    We present an experimental and theoretical study of the phase behavior of a binary mixture of colloids with opposite adsorption preferences in a critical solvent. As a result of the attractive and repulsive critical Casimir forces, the critical fluctuations of the solvent lead to a further critical point in the colloidal system, i.e. to a critical colloidal-liquid--colloidal-liquid demixing phase transition which is controlled by the solvent temperature. Our experimental findings are in good agreement with calculations based on a simple approximation for the free energy of the system.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Europhysics Letter

    Nonadditivity of critical Casimir forces

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    In soft condensed matter physics, effective interactions often emerge due to the spatial confinement of fluctuating fields. For instance, microscopic particles dissolved in a binary liquid mixture are subject to critical Casimir forces whenever their surfaces confine the thermal fluctuations of the order parameter of the solvent close to its critical demixing point. These forces are theoretically predicted to be nonadditive on the scale set by the bulk correlation length of the fluctuations. Here we provide direct experimental evidence of this fact by reporting the measurement of the associated many-body forces. We consider three colloidal particles in optical traps and observe that the critical Casimir force exerted on one of them by the other two differs from the sum of the forces they exert separately. This three-body effect depends sensitively on the distance from the critical point and on the chemical functionalisation of the colloid surfaces

    Kritischer Casimir-Effekt in kolloidalen Modellsystemen

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    Phys. Rev. Lett.

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    Laboratory diagnostics mycoplasma pneumoniae и herpes simplex virusin the adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia

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    За допомогою імуноферментного аналізу виявлено маркери мікоплазмової і герпесвірусної інфекції у дорослих хворих на негоспітальну пневмонію. Встановлено високу частоту захворювань мікоплазмової етіології, у тому числі у вигляді її асоціації з гострою HSV-інфекцією, що диктує необхідність розширення скринінгових досліджень за допомогою імуноферментного методу у хворих на негоспітальну пневмонію з атиповими проявами або затяжним перебігом хвороби;С помощью иммуноферментного анализа выявлены маркёры микоплазменной и герпесвирусной инфекций у взрослых больных внегоспитальной пневмонией. Установлена высокая частота заболеваний микоплазменной этиологии, в том числе в ассоциации с острой инфекцией, что диктует необходимость расширения скрининговых исследований иммуноферментным методом у больных внегоспитальной пневмонией с атипичными проявлениями или затяжным течением заболевания;The markers of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Herpes simplex virus was determinated in the adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia using of immunofermental analysis. It has been established the high level of mycoplasma nature diseases combined with HSV-infection which dictates the need for enhancing screenings by immunofermental analysis in patients with community-acquired pneumonia with atypical manifestations or protracted disease

    Viscosity of a sheared correlated (near-critical) model fluid in confinement

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    Second-order phase transitions are characterized by a divergence of the spatial correlation length of the order parameter fluctuations. For confined systems, this is known to lead to remarkable equilibrium physical phenomena, including finite-size effects and critical Casimir forces. We explore here some non-equilibrium aspects of these effects in the stationary state resulting from the action of external forces: by analyzing a model of a correlated fluid under shear, spatially confined by two parallel plates, we study the resulting viscosity within the setting of (Gaussian) Landau\u2013Ginzburg theory. Specifically, we introduce a model in which the hydrodynamic velocity field (obeying the Stokes equation) is coupled to an order parameter with dissipative dynamics. The well-known Green\u2013Kubo relation for bulk systems is generalized for confined systems. This is shown to result in a non-local Stokes equation for the fluid flow, due to the correlated fluctuations. The resulting effective shear viscosity shows universal as well as non-universal contributions, which we study in detail. In particular, the deviation from the bulk behavior is universal, depending on the ratio of the correlation length and the film thickness L . In addition, at the critical point the viscosity is proportional to /L\ell /L , where \ell is a dynamic length scale. These findings are expected to be experimentally observable, especially for systems where the bulk viscosity is affected by critical fluctuations

    The main clinical laboratory diagnostic criterions for the mixed mycoplasma and herpesviral infections association in patients with the acute laryngeals diseases

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    . При серологічному дослідженні 52 хворих з запальними захворюваннями гортані встановлена їх висока мікоплазмо-герпесвірусна інфікованність (91,7% і 67,5% при гострому і хронічному перебігу ларингіту відповідно). Основними клініко-ла- бораторними критеріями діагностики мікст-інфекцій у хворих були тривалий характер перебігу запально- го процесу в гортані з частими рецидивами до 3-4-х разів на рік і наявність підвищених показників Ig М і Ig G до вказаної асоціації мікробів. Окрім ЛОР-си- мптомів у хворих відмічалися слабкість, пітливість, нерідко тривалий субфебрилитет і шийний лімфа- деніт;При серологическом исследовании 52 больных с воспалительными заболеваниями гортани установлена их высокая в микоплазмо-герпесвирусная инфицированность (91,7% и 67,5% при остром и хроническом течении ларингита соответственно). Основными клинико-лабораторными критериями диагностики микст-инфекций у больных были длительный характер течения воспалительного процесса в гортани с частыми рецидивами до 3-4-х раз в год и наличие повышенных показателей Ig М и Ig G к указанной ассоциации микробов. Помимо ЛОР-симптомов у больных отмечалась слабость, потливость, нередко длительный субфебрилитет и шейный лимфаденит;Association of mycoplasma and herpesviruses with high level contamination was established (91,7 % and 67,5 % for acute and chronic laryngitis course accordingly) after serological examination of the 52 patients with the acute laryngeal disease. The basic clinic laboratory diagnostic criterions of the mixed infections were been prolonged acute inflammatory process in larynx and its relapses to 3-4 time in a year and high level of Ig M and Ig G for herpes and mycoplasma. Besides main disease's symptoms in the patients was been weakness, sweating, not infrequently prolonged subnormal body’s temperature and neck’s lymphadenitis
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