Influence of Ammonia of Waters From the Surface Sources of Water Supply on Their Toxicity for Rana Ridibunda (Pallas, 1771)

Aim. Revelation of the influence of ammonia from surface water supply sources on formation of their toxicity, determined by indices of motor activity of young lacustrine frogs (Rana ridibunda Pallas, 1771).Methods. Biotesting was conducted by the method of «time sampling» with preliminary exposure of individuals for 12 hours (n=30) in test samples of water, taken from the Denishevsky water storage basin and Otsechne water intake of the river Teterev and also in samples of settled water from water pipe as a control. The indices of water toxicity were calculated by reactions of typical and non-typical activity of individuals. The ammonia content was determined by the photometric method with Nessler reagent. The correlation and regression analysis was realized by the standard computer program MO Excel 2003.Results. There are established the effects of the ammonia influence on the toxicity of test waters that is proved by the values of determination coefficients, received for 3-year period (R2 at level 0,3893 for the water storage basin and 0,2814 for water intake) and correlation (r of middle degree 0,6240 and 0,5305 respectively). There are constructed the graphs, expressed by the equations of rectilinear regression (y=52,535x+16,207 and y=50,917x+21,067), that gives a possibility to prognosticate toxicity levels of waters as to the ammonia content for the water storage basin and water intake.Conclusions. There were revealed the correlations of the indices of toxicity of the testing waters with the ammonia content that in 2014 (0,6939 – in the Denishevsky water storage basin and 0,6803 – in the Otsechne water intake) reached more degree than in 2012 (0,6413 and 0,4281) and 2013 (0,6556 and 0,5083) years, respectively that is conditioned by increasing ammonification processes. There was fixed a tendency of increasing the force of the ammonia influence (from 41,12 to 48,15 % in waters of the water storage basin and from 18,33 to 46,28 % – water intake) on the toxicity of these waters. In the 3-years period of the studies, there was testified the presence of the reliable ammonia influence of the toxicity of waters in the water storage basin at level 38,93 % (F=3,0811; p ≤0,05, ), and also its absence in the water intake 28,14 % (F=1,5663). There were given the equations of rectilinear regression and graphic images of the dependencies that allow to calculate the ammonia content (0,58 mg/dm3 and 0,64) at reaching 50 % level of water toxicity of lacustrine frog

Cathaemasia Hians (Digenea, Cathaemasiidae) from Planorbis Planorbis (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in Reservoirs of Central Polissya

The paper presents the description of Cathaemasia hians Rudolphi, 1809 trematode found on the territory of Ukraine in an intermediate host, fresh-water molluscs Planorbis planorbis. We present also a comparison of metrical characters of the studied C. hians cercariae and those described by other researchers.В статье приведены описания редий и церкарий трематоды Cathaemasia hians (Rudolphi, 1809), обнаруженных в Центральном Полесье у пресноводных моллюсков Planorbis planorbis (Linnaeus, 1758). Представлено сравнение размерных признаков обнаруженных нами личинок C. hians с церкариями этого же вида, описанными другими исследователями