Variations of snow accumulation rate in Central Antarctica over the last 250 years

The present-day global climate changes, very likely caused by anthropogenic activity, may potentially present a serious threat to the whole human civilization in a near future. In order to develop a plan of measures aimed at elimination of these threats and adaptation to these undesirable changes, one should deeply understand the mechanism of past and present (and thus, future) climatic changes of our planet. In this study we compare the present-day data of instrumental observations of the air temperature and snow accumulation rate performed in Central Antarctica (the Vostok station) with the reconstructed paleogeographic data on a variability of these parameters in the past. First of all, the Vostok station is shown to be differing from other East Antarctic stations due to relatively higher rate of warming (1.6 °C per 100 years) since 1958. At the same time, according to paleogeographic data, from the late eighteenth century to early twenty-first one the total warming amounted to about 1 °C, which is consistent with data from other Antarctic regions. So, we can make a conclusion with high probability that the 30-year period of 1985–2015 was the warmest over the last 2.5 centuries. As for the snow accumulation rate, the paleogeographic data on this contain a certain part of noise that does not allow reliable concluding. However, we found a statistically significant relationship between the rate of snow accumulation and air temperature. This means that with further rise of temperature in Central Antarctica, the rate of solid precipitation accumulation will increase there, thus partially compensating increasing of the sea level

Restrictive-regulatory potential of procedural standard

The article deals with issues relating to the resource of procedural standards in the restrictive regulation of social relations. Based on the analysis of a wide range of doctrinal sources, the authors presented their own position regarding the procedural standard essence and content, its correlation with material standards and its praxiological valu

Experience of early prevention of pathological scarring after burns

Since one of the most common causes of the patients life quality decrease in burn injuries is the formation of gross pathological scars, which lead to cosmetic defects, contractures and deformations of the body, which significantly worsens work capacity and increases disability of young population, we compared several different approaches to early anti-scars therapy after burns in the presence of an identified predisposition to excessive scarring. The obtained results showed significant effectiveness of early prevention of connective tissue hyperplasia after injuries and operations using a gel complex with cepalin extract (Contractubex), compression and spa treatment after early closing of deep burns with todermoplastic and the use of modern wound coverings.Так как одной из наиболее распространенных причин снижения качества жизни пациентов с ожоговыми травмами является формирование грубых патологических рубцов, которые приводят к косметическим дефектам, контрактурам и деформациям тела, что значительно ухудшает работоспособность и увеличивает инвалидизацию молодого, трудоспособного населения, нами было проведено сравнение нескольких различных подходов к ранней противорубцовой терапии после ожогов при наличии выявленной предрасположенности к избыточному рубцеобразованию. Полученные результаты показали значительную эффективность ранней профилактики гиперплазии соединительной ткани после травм и операций при использовании комплекса геля с экстрактом цепалина, компрессии и санаторно-курортного лечения после раннего закрытия глубоких ожогов пластикой и применения современных раневых покрытий

CHRONIC INFLAMMATION OF THE TONSILS ASSOCIATED WITH EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS

Aim - to identify the prevalence of chronic tonsillitis in the Samara region and the causes of its recurrence. Materials and methods. The authors analyzed the frequency of occurrence of chronic tonsillitis among the patients of the Samara Diagnostic Center for the period from 2011 to 2016, the frequency of quinsy and paratonsillar abscesses. Middle-aged and elderly people with signs of chronic tonsillitis were examined for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus. Results. 56 adult and elderly patients aged from 44 to 75 years (18 men - 31% and 38 women - 65.5%) underwent additional examination of saliva and blood for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus. The analyses were taken on an empty stomach in the morning. When taking saliva, hygienic treatment of the oral cavity was not carried out. Saliva was investigated by a qualitative method of PCR diagnostics. We also performed serodiagnostic assay by ELISA. DNA of Epstein-Barr virus was discovered in 16 patients (27.6%), IgG antibodies to nuclear antigen (EBNA) - in 13 patients (22%), and 1 patient (1.7%) had IgM antibodies to capsid antigen (VCA). Thus, 1.7% of Epstein-Barr virus was diagnosed at an early stage, 22% of patients had infection in the past and 27.6% had recent infection. Conclusions. Presented evidence suggests that it is necessary to combine examination of the content of tonsillar lacunae with PCR and ELISA diagnostics for Epstein-Barr virus not only in young patients of working age with chronic tonsillitis, but also in middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic tonsillitis in order to improve the efficiency and quality of the treatment at the stage of outpatient visit

Effect of operation technic on development of postoperative complications after appendectomy

Objective: to improve the results of treatment of patients with acute appendicitis. Te results of surgical treatment of 360 patients with acute appendicitis were presented.Materials and methods: in predicting of development of intra-abdominal adhesions in patients afer appendectomy and of effectiveness of anti-adhesion therapy in postoperative period was used clinical, laboratorial (phenotype signs of connective tissue dysplasia syndrome, activity of the enzyme N-acetyltransferase, a test system based on sorbents with magnetic properties with immobilized granular antigen from adhesive tissue), instrumental methods of research. Te frst group included 120 (50%) patients who underwent standard appendectomy. In 120 patients with acute appendicitis (the second group) the elements of “Fast-Track” surgery was used in performing classical laparotomy appendectomy. Te third group consisted of 120 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy.Results: all patients with diagnosed adhesive process in the early stages of its development in postoperative period were provided with anti-adhesion therapy. Te least number of postoperative complications was observed in cases of multimodal approach to treatment of acute appendicitis.Conclusions: application of “Fast-Track” surgery principles allowed to reduce development of intra-abdominal adhesion afer surgery compared with traditional appendectomy on 6.6 %, and with laparoscopic — on 2.8 %

OPTIMIZATION OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH POSTOPERATIVE VENTRAL HERNIAS

Purpose: to improve results of treatment of patients with postoperative ventral hernias using of different methods of abdominal wall repair, to study patients’ quality of life in postoperative period.Materials and Methods: the study presented results of treatment of 288 patients with postoperative ventral hernias. Based on the treatment type all patients divided on 2 groups. 144 patients (50,0%) (first group) were operated on using traditional surgical methods of abdominal wall repair (Meyo, Sapejko, Yanov). In surgical treatment of another 144 (50,0%) patients (Second group) were used tension-free surgical technics of hernioplasty (by methods of «оn lay», «sub lay», «in lay») as well as traditional methods of repair depending on individual features of patients. Basic clinical data, laboratory investigations, diagnostic of external phenotypical signs of the syndrome of connective tissue dysplasia, monitoring of intraabdominal pressure in dynamic were studied. Indicators of patients quality of life in both groups were searched.Results and summary: created complex of tactical and treatment measures lead to decrease frequency of early postoperative complications in 2,4 times , recurrence of diseases in 8,5 times, mortality – in 3 times

Solution combustion synthesis of α-Al2O3 using urea

The processes involved in the solution combustion synthesis of α-Al2O3 using urea as an organic fuel were investigated. The data describing the influence of the relative urea content on the characteristic features of the combustion process, the crystalline structure and the morphology of the aluminium oxide are presented herein. Our data demonstrate that the combustion of stable aluminium nitrate and urea complexes leads to the formation of α-alumina at temperatures of approximately 600-800 °C. Our results, obtained using differential thermal analysis and IR spectroscopy methods, reveal that the low-temperature formation of α-alumina is associated with the thermal decomposition of an α-AlO(OH) intermediate, which was crystallised in the crystal structure of the diaspore. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l

Дослідження стійкості геміклональних популяційних систем гібридогенного комплексу зелених жаб за допомогою імітаційного моделювання

The concept of stability used in ecology and mathematics is analyzed. Stability is interpreted as the ability of the system to remain in a restricted zone of a phase space that corresponds to a certain type of systems. This approach is applied to describe changes in the structure of hemiclonal population systems of hybridogenous complex of water frogs (Pelophylax esculentus complex). Simulation model of these population systems built on a recursive difference equations in MS Excel is used. The dynamics of transitions in the part of phase space of the hemiclonal populationsystems of water frogs is described. Typology of stabile states of biosystems is analyzed.Проанализировано понятие устойчивости в экологии и математике. Обосновывается трак­товка устойчивости как способности системы оставаться в ограниченной зоне фазового пространства, соответствующей определенному типу рассматриваемых систем. Этот подход применен для описания изменений состава гемиклональных популяционных систем гибридогенного комплекса зеленых лягушек (Pelophylax esculentus complex). Использована имитационная модель, построенная на рекур­рентных разностных уравнениях в MS Excel. Описана динамика переходов в части фазового пространства гемиклональных популяционных систем зеленых лягушек. Проанализирована типология состояний устойчивости биосистем. Проаналізовано поняття стійкості в екології та математиці. Обґрунтовується трактування стійкості як здатності системи залишатися в обмеженій зоні фазового простору, що відповідає певному типу систем, які розглядаються. Цей підхід застосований для опису змін складу геміклональних популяційних систем гібридогенного комплексу зелених жаб (Pelophylax esculentus complex). Використано імітаційну модель, побудовану на рекурентних різницевих рівняннях в MS Excel. Описано динаміку переходів у частині фазового простору геміклональних популяційних систем зелених жаб. Проаналізовано типологію станів стійкості біосистем.

Directions of optimization of the development of the sphere of physical culture and sport in educational institutions in Lipetsk

The article contains theoretical and methodological materials on the problem of the development of physical culture and sports of the Russian Federation.Статья содержит теоретические и методические материалы по проблеме развития физической культуры и спорта Российской Федерации

Speech perception in various acoustic environments: Comparison of different sound coding strategies

Objectives to compare speech perception in a quiet and noisy environment using a basic audio coding strategy (CIS) and a modern strategy (ACE) over a period of 24 months. Material and methods. The study involved 30 patients who received hearing rehabilitation in the National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency in the period of 2018 2021. The inclusion criteria were: implantation in the adult age (from 18 to 45 years), speaking fluent Russian, hearing loss after speech skills formation. After initialization and programming of the speech processor, the patients underwent speech audiometry in a free sound field using syllabic and speech tables in silence and noise. The results were collected in the special MS Excel templates and subjected to statistical analysis. Results. The intelligibility of syllables in patients with CIS and ACE strategies took comparable values and grew with experience within 24 months (from 52 7.00% at the beginning of the study to 72 7.25% at the end), the greatest increase in intelligibility was noted in the first 3 months after connecting the speech processor (from 52 7.00% to 66 7.87%). Using the Greenberg speech table in silence, the groups with the CIS strategy and the ACE strategy obtained similar results with a slight advantage of the ACE strategy up to 6 months of the study. Later, a significantly higher increase in speech perception was observed in the group with the ACE strategy compared to the group with CIS. After 12 months, the perception tests showed 67 8.62% in patients with CIS strategy and 71 7.54% in patients with ACE, after 24 months the results were 68 9.12%, and 72 8.62% respectively. Under noise conditions, we observed an increase of the difference between groups starting from 6 months (41 5.33% in patients with CIS versus 43.3 7.55% with ACE), the largest difference was registered after 24 months (51 5.50% versus 57 8.25% respectively). Conclusion. When compared to the basic strategy, a modern sound coding strategy with a higher resolution can improve speech perception especially with complex speech patterns and in a noisy environment