45,433 research outputs found
Precise MS-bar light-quark masses from lattice QCD in the RI/SMOM scheme
We compute the conversion factors needed to obtain the MS-bar and RGI up,
down, and strange-quark masses at next-to-next-to-leading order from the
corresponding parameters renormalized in the recently proposed RI/SMOM and
RI/SMOM_gamma_mu renormalization schemes. This is important for obtaining the
MS-bar masses with the best possible precision from numerical lattice-QCD
simulations, because the customary RI(')/MOM scheme is afflicted with large
irreducible uncertainties both on the lattice and in perturbation theory. We
find that the smallness of the known one-loop matching coefficients is
accompanied by even smaller two-loop contributions. From a study of residual
scale dependences, we estimate the resulting perturbative uncertainty on the
light-quark masses to be about 2% in the RI/SMOM scheme and about 3% in the
RI/SMOM_gamma_mu scheme. Our conversion factors are given in fully analytic
form, for general covariant gauge and renormalization point. We provide
expressions for the associated anomalous dimensions.Comment: Added results for the RI/SMOM_gamma_mu scheme and anomalous
dimensions; typos fixed (results unchanged); added reference
Adaptive networks of trading agents
Multi-agent models have been used in many contexts to study generic
collective behavior. Similarly, complex networks have become very popular
because of the diversity of growth rules giving rise to scale-free behavior.
Here we study adaptive networks where the agents trade ``wealth'' when they are
linked together while links can appear and disappear according to the wealth of
the corresponding agents; thus the agents influence the network dynamics and
vice-versa. Our framework generalizes a multi-agent model of Bouchand and
Mezard, and leads to a steady state with fluctuating connectivities. The system
spontaneously self-organizes into a critical state where the wealth
distribution has a fat tail and the network is scale-free; in addition, network
heterogeneities lead to enhanced wealth condensation.Comment: 7 figure
Coherent control of atomic excitation using off-resonant strong few-cycle pulses
We study the dynamics of a two-level system driven by an off-resonant
few-cycle pulse which has a phase jump at , in contrast to many
cycle pulses, under non rotating-wave approximation (NRWA). We give a closed
form analytical solution for the evolution of the probability amplitude for the upper level. Using the appropriate pulse parameters like
phase-jump , jump time , pulse width , frequency and
Rabi frequency the population transfer, after the pulse is gone,
can be optimized and for the pulse considered here, enhancement of
factor was obtained.Comment: 5 Pages, 7 Figure
Classification of irreducible quasifinite modules over map Virasoro algebras
We give a complete classification of the irreducible quasifinite modules for
algebras of the form Vir \otimes A, where Vir is the Virasoro algebra and A is
a Noetherian commutative associative unital algebra over the complex numbers.
It is shown that all such modules are tensor products of generalized evaluation
modules. We also give an explicit sufficient condition for a Verma module of
Vir \otimes A to be reducible. In the case that A is an infinite-dimensional
integral domain, this condition is also necessary.Comment: 25 pages. v2: Minor changes, published versio
First Order Calculation of the Inclusive Cross Section pp to ZZ by Graviton Exchange in Large Extra Dimensions
We calculate the inclusive cross section of double Z-boson production within
large extra dimensions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Using perturbatively
quantized gravity in the ADD model we perform a first order calculation of the
graviton mediated contribution to the pp to ZZ cross section. At low energies
(e.g. Tevatron) this additional contribution is very small, making it virtually
unobservable, for a fundamental mass scale above 2500 GeV. At LHC energies
however, the calculation indicates that the ZZ-production rate within the ADD
model should differ significantly from the Standard Model if the new
fundamental mass scale would be below 15000 GeV. A comparison with the observed
production rate at the LHC might therefore provide direct hints on the number
and structure of the extra dimensions.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Fingerprinting dark energy
Dark energy perturbations are normally either neglected or else included in a
purely numerical way, obscuring their dependence on underlying parameters like
the equation of state or the sound speed. However, while many different
explanations for the dark energy can have the same equation of state, they
usually differ in their perturbations so that these provide a fingerprint for
distinguishing between different models with the same equation of state. In
this paper we derive simple yet accurate approximations that are able to
characterize a specific class of models (encompassing most scalar-field models)
which is often generically called "dark energy". We then use the approximate
solutions to look at the impact of the dark energy perturbations on the dark
matter power spectrum and on the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in the cosmic
microwave background radiation.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, minor changes to match published versio
The effects of the small t properties of hadronic scattering amplitude on the determination its real part
Taking into account the different forms of the Coulomb-hadron interference
phase and the possible spin-flip contribution the new analysis of the
experimental data of the proton-antiproton elastic scattering at GeV/c and small momentum transfer is carried out. It is shown that the
size of the spin-flip amplitude can be determined from the form of the
differential cross sections at small , and the deviation of
obtained from the examined experimental data of the scattering from
the analysis \cite{Kroll}, based on the dispersion relations, is conserved in
all xamined assumptions. The analysis of the proton-proton elastic scattering
at GeV/c also shows the impact of the examined effects on the
form of the differential cross sections.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure
Shape-induced magnetic anisotropy in dilute magnetic alloys
We extend the theory of the surface-induced magnetic anisotropy to mesoscopic
samples with arbitrary geometry. The shape-induced anisotropy of impurity spins
in small brick-shaped grains of dilute magnetic alloys is studied in detail.
The surface-induced blocking of a magnetic-impurity spin is shown to be very
sensitive to geometric parameters of a grain. This implies that the apparent
discrepancy between the experimental data of different groups on the size
dependence of the Kondo resistivity can result from different microstructure of
the used samples. In order to interpret recent experimental data on the
anomalous Hall effect in thin polycrystalline Fe doped Au films, we analyse the
magnetisation of impurity spins as a function of the impurity position and of
the grain shape.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, E-mail addresses: [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected]
Topological confinement in bilayer graphene
We study a new type of one-dimensional chiral states that can be created in
bilayer graphene (BLG) by electrostatic lateral confinement. These states
appear on the domain walls separating insulating regions experiencing the
opposite gating polarity. While the states are similar to conventional
solitonic zero-modes, their properties are defined by the unusual chiral BLG
quasiparticles, from which they derive. The number of zero-mode branches is
fixed by the topological vacuum charge of the insulating BLG state. We discuss
how these chiral states can manifest experimentally, and emphasize their
relevance for valleytronics.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
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