4,025 research outputs found
2MASS J05162881+2607387: A New Low-Mass Double-Lined Eclipsing Binary
We show that the star known as 2MASS J05162881+2607387 (hereafter J0516) is a
double-lined eclipsing binary with nearly identical low-mass components. The
spectroscopic elements derived from 18 spectra obtained with the High
Resolution Spectrograph on the Hobby-Eberly Telescope during the Fall of 2005
are K_1=88.45 +/- 0.48 km/s and K_2=90.43 +/- 0.60 km/s, resulting in a mass
ratio of$q=K_1/K_2 = 0.978 +/- 0.018 and minimum masses of M_1 sin^{3}i=0.775
+/- 0.016 solar masses and M_2 sin^{3}i=0.759 +/- 0.012 solar masses,
respectively. We have extensive differential photometry of J0516 obtained over
several nights between 2004 January-March (epoch 1) and 2004 October-2005
January plus 2006 January (epoch 2) using the 1m telescope at the Mount Laguna
Observatory. The source was roughly 0.1 mag brighter in all three bandpasses
during epoch 1 when compared to epoch 2. Also, phased light curves from epoch 1
show considerable out-of-eclipse variability, presumably due to bright spots on
one or both stars. In contrast, the phased light curves from epoch 2 show
little out-of-eclipse variability. The light curves from epoch 2 and the radial
velocity curves were analyzed using our ELC code with updated model atmospheres
for low-mass stars. We find the following: M_1=0.787 +/- 0.012 solar masses,
R_1=0.788 +/- 0.015 solar radii, M_2=0.770 +/- 0.009 solar masses, and
R_2=0.817 +/- 0.010 solar radii. The stars in J0516 have radii that are
significantly larger than model predictions for their masses, similar to what
is seen in a handful of other well-studied low-mass double-lined eclipsing
binaries. We compiled all recent mass and radius determinations from low-mass
binaries and determine an empirical mass-radius relation of the form R = 0.0324
+ 0.9343M + 0.0374M^2, where the quantities are in solar units.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures (Figure 1 has degraded quality), to appear in
Ap
USABILITY OF WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION DISABILITY ASSESSMENT SCHEDULE IN CHRONIC TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Objectives: To investigate functioning measured with the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) in patients with mild, moderate and severe traumatic brain injury, and to compare patients' experiences with assessments made by their significant others and by consultant neurologists.Methods: A total of 112 consecutive patients with traumatic brain injury (29 mild, 43 moderate, 40 severe) and their significant others completed a 12-item WHODAS 2.0 survey. A neurologist assessed functioning with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health minimal generic set.Results: The total patient and proxy WHODAS 2.0 sum score was rated as severe, and impairments in household tasks, learning, community life, emotional functions, concentrating, dealing with strangers, maintaining friendships, and working ability as around moderate in all 3 severity groups. In standing, walking, washing, and dressing oneself the reported impairments increased from mild in mild traumatic brain injury to moderate in severe traumatic brain injury. A neurologist rated the overall functioning, working ability, and motor activities most impaired in severe traumatic brain injury, while there were no between-group differences in energy and drive functions and emotional functions.Conclusion: Patients with chronic traumatic brain injury perceive a diversity of significant difficulties in activities and participation irrespective of the severity of the injury. We recommend assessing disability in traumatic brain injury with the short and understandable WHODAS 2.0 scale, when planning client-oriented services
The stellar dynamics and mass of NGC 1316 using the radial velocities of planetary nebulae
We present a study of the kinematics of the outer regions of the early-type
galaxy NGC 1316, based on radial velocity measurements of 43 planetary nebulae
as well as deep integrated-light absorption line spectra. The smoothed velocity
field of NGC 1316 indicates fast rotation at a distance of 16 kpc, possibly
associated with an elongated feature orthogonal to the inner dust lanes. The
mean square stellar velocity is approximately independent of radius, and the
estimated total mass of the system is 2.6 x 10^11 M_sun within a radius of 16
kpc, implying an integrated mass-to-light ratio of M/L_B = 8.Comment: 39 pages, 14 figures, in press on The Astrophysical Journal n. 50
Instability of the Fermi-liquid fixed point in an extended Kondo model
We study an extended SU(N) single-impurity Kondo model in which the impurity
spin is described by a combination of Abrikosov fermions and Schwinger bosons.
Our aim is to describe both the quasiparticle-like excitations and the locally
critical modes observed in various physical situations, including non-Fermi
liquid (NFL) behavior in heavy fermions in the vicinity of a quantum critical
point and anomalous transport properties in quantum wires. In contrast with
models with either pure bosonic or pure fermionic impurities, the strong
coupling fixed point is unstable against the conduction electron kinetic term
under certain conditions. The stability region of the strong coupling fixed
point coincides with the region where the partially screened, effective
impurity repels the electrons on adjacent sites. In the instability region, the
impurity tends to attract electrons to the neighboring sites, giving
rise to a double-stage Kondo effect with additional screening of the impurity.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on "Concepts in
Electron Correlations", Hvar,October 200
Renormalization group approach of itinerant electron systems near the Lifshitz point
Using the renormalization approach proposed by Millis for the itinerant
electron systems we calculated the specific heat coefficient for
the magnetic fluctuations with susceptibility near the Lifshitz point. The constant value
obtained for and the logarithmic temperature dependence, specific
for the non-Fermi behavior, have been obtained in agreement with the
experimental dat.Comment: 6 pages, Revte
Field-induced quantum fluctuations in the heavy fermion superconductor CeCu2Ge2
Quantum-mechanical fluctuations in strongly correlated electron systems cause
unconventional phenomena such as non-Fermi liquid behavior, and arguably high
temperature superconductivity. Here we report the discovery of a field-tuned
quantum critical phenomenon in stoichiometric CeCu2Ge2, a spin density wave
ordered heavy fermion metal that exhibits unconventional superconductivity
under ~ 10 GPa of applied pressure. Our finding of the associated quantum
critical spin fluctuations of the antiferromagnetic spin density wave order,
dominating the local fluctuations due to single-site Kondo effect, provide new
information about the underlying mechanism that can be important in
understanding superconductivity in this novel compound.Comment: Heavy Fermion, Quantum Critical Phenomeno
The potassic sedimentary rocks in Gale Crater, Mars, as seen by ChemCam on board Curiosity
The Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity encountered potassium-rich clastic sedimentary rocks at two sites in Gale Crater, the waypoints Cooperstown and Kimberley. These rocks include several distinct meters thick sedimentary outcrops ranging from fine sandstone to conglomerate, interpreted to record an ancient fluvial or fluvio-deltaic depositional system. From ChemCam Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) chemical analyses, this suite of sedimentary rocks has an overall mean K2O abundance that is more than 5 times higher than that of the average Martian crust. The combined analysis of ChemCam data with stratigraphic and geographic locations reveals that the mean K2O abundance increases upward through the stratigraphic section. Chemical analyses across each unit can be represented as mixtures of several distinct chemical components, i.e., mineral phases, including K-bearing minerals, mafic silicates, Fe-oxides, and Fe-hydroxide/oxyhydroxides. Possible K-bearing minerals include alkali feldspar (including anorthoclase and sanidine) and K-bearing phyllosilicate such as illite. Mixtures of different source rocks, including a potassium-rich rock located on the rim and walls of Gale Crater, are the likely origin of observed chemical variations within each unit. Physical sorting may have also played a role in the enrichment in K in the Kimberley formation. The occurrence of these potassic sedimentary rocks provides additional evidence for the chemical diversity of the crust exposed at Gale Crater
Spatial Correlations in Dynamical Mean Field Theory
We further develop an extended dynamical mean field approach introduced
earlier. It goes beyond the standard dynamical mean field theory by
incorporating quantum fluctuations associated with intersite (RKKY-like)
interactions. This is achieved by scaling the intersite interactions to the
same power in 1/D as that for the kinetic terms. In this approach, a correlated
lattice problem is reduced to a single-impurity Anderson model with additional
self-consistent bosonic baths. Here, we formulate the approach in terms of
perturbation expansions. We show that the two-particle vertex functions are
momentum-dependent, while the single-particle self-energy remains local. In
spite of this, the approach is conserving. Finally, we also determine the form
of a momentum-dependent dynamical susceptibility; the resulting expression
relates it to the corresponding Weiss field, local correlation function and
(momentum-dependent) intersite coupling.Comment: 28 pages, REVTEX, 8 figures include
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