Effect of culture conditions on the growth of biomass Yarrowia lipolytica - producing protein feed

Fodder yeast is highly valuable protein-vitamin products. Protein digestibility by yeast and amino acid content, superior proteins of animal origin. Fodder yeast protein digested in animals by 95 %. The biological value of yeast protein is determined by the presence of a significant amount of essential amino acids. Moreover, yeast cells contain many vitamins microelement and a significant amount of fat, in which the predominant unsaturated fatty acid. Currently, fodder yeast successfully used in livestock and poultry, so the demand for them is increasing every year. For the production of fodder yeast using a yeast having the necessary technological properties: the ability of rapid growth in aerobic conditions to form protein, amino acids and vitamins, resistant crop production, the development of resistance to foreign microorganisms. Intensive education yeast biomass contributes to a number of conditions, including pH, temperature and aeration of the culture occupy an important place. The main criterion for comparison and selection of a culture medium for this is the speed of its growth and ability to assimilate all of the nutrients with high economic factor. It depends on the performance of the enterprise, energy consumption and other technical - economic performance. The effect of pH of the medium on the biomass accumulation of yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Found that at pH 5,2 - 5,5 observed maximum growth rate of the yeast cells. The effect of temperature on the accumulation of yeast biomass. The temperature of the culture medium determines the intensity of metabolism in cells. It was found that the optimal growth temperature of the culture Yarrowia lipolytica is 33 0C. The effect of aeration on the growth rate of yeast cells. Tro-established that the maximum increase of biomass was obtained with the aeration of 70 cm3 /cm3hrs

Informative significance of serum cytokines and their importance for development of metabolic syndrome with arterial hypertension in elderly persons

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is among the main public health challenges worldwide, leading to significant labor losses, increased costs for treatment and rehabilitation of the patients. The aim of the present study was to identify the informative serum interleukins, by determining the odds ratio in elderly patients with MS and hypertension. The main group of 86 patients with MS and arterial hypertension (AH) aged 60-75 years was examined under clinical conditions. The inclusion criteria were as follows: age of 60-75 years, presence of MS, primary hypertension (grade II-III), absence of acute myocardial infarction, malignant neoplasms, disorders of cerebral circulation, kidney failure over last 6 months. Diagnostics of MS and hypertension was carried out in accordance with Expert Guidelines from the Russian Research Society of Cardiology on the MS Diagnosis and Treatment. Our first study of a large range of serum interleukins in elderly patients with MS and hypertension allowed us to reveal the inversely directed changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine contents. Combined AH/MS in elderly persons is accomplished by sufficient increase of the most proinflammatory cytokines, and vice versa, by significant decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood serum. This finding clearly points to importance of immunological regulatory systems for initiation of AH with MS at older age. Pro- and anti-inflammatory serum interleukins are actively involved into the AH/MS development in elderly accompanied by their pronounced imbalance. The mentioned immune reactions could underlie the MS/AH condition. High risk of this disorder is connected with changed production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-1β), like as anti-inflammatory serum interleukins (IL-4, IL-10), with predominance of the former. The above interleukins should be considered dominant diagnostic markers of AH/MS in elderly persons. Measurement of serum interleukins and discriminant-based approach allows highly reliable differentiation of elderly patients with AH/MS from similar individuals without this disorder

Instructive directions for polyclinic practice in therapy for 4th year students of overseas students training faculty and practice supervisors

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННАЯ ПРАКТИКАВРАЧЕБНАЯ ПРАКТИКАКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА СТУДЕНТОВПОЛИКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКАТЕРАПИЯИНОСТРАННЫЕ СТУДЕНТЫСодержится программа производственной врачебной поликлинической практики по терапии для студентов 4 курса ФПИГ и руководителей практики

Влияние степени пигментации элементов угла передней камеры на гипотензивную эффективность Трилактана у пациентов с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой

PURPOSE: To analyze the influence of the anterior chamber angle pigmentation on the hypotensive effect of 0.005% of Russian latanoprost (Trilactan, “Solopharm”) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).METHODS: The study was based on clinical and functional data of 120 patients (150 eyes) aged 42 to 87 years with primary open-angle glaucoma. The early stage of glaucoma was diagnosed in 102 (68%) eyes, moderate — in 36 (24%) eyes, advanced stage — in 12 (8%). Patients were divided into three groups: patients with treatment-naïve glaucoma; patients with a previously diagnosed POAG who received hypotensive therapy (β-blockers, or inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase); patients who received monotherapy with prostaglandin analogues for less than 2 months. Trilactan was administered once a day (at 8 pm). The hypotensive effect was evaluated after 1, 4 and 8 weeks. The observation period lasted 8 weeks.RESULTS: The intraocular pressure reduced by 30% from the baseline level of tonometric intraocular pressure (IOP). On the 4th week of observation the hypotensive effect reached 32%, as an additional drug up to 20%. There was no statistically significant dependence between hypotensive effect and the anterior chamber angle pigmentation grade.CONCLUSION: Trilactan showed hypotensive effect both in monotherapy and in combination with other antihypertensive drugs, comparable to the original drug. The effect of prostaglandin analogues on the condition of the trabecular meshwork, and an improvement of trabecular outflow seem promising for further studies.ЦЕЛЬ. Анализ влияния степени пигментации структур угла передней камеры (УПК) (трабекулярной сети в частности) на гипотензивную эффективность 0,005% российского латанопроста (Трилактан, «Solopharm») у пациентов с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой (ПОУГ).МЕТОДЫ. Клиническое исследование базировалось на оценке клинико-функционального состояния 120 пациентов (150 глаз) в возрасте от 42 до 87 лет с ПОУГ. Начальная стадия глаукомы была диагностирована на 102 (68%) глазах, развитая — на 36 (24%) глазах, далеко зашедшая — на 12 (8%). Пациенты были разделены на три группы: пациенты с впервые выявленной глаукомой, ранее терапию не получавшие; пациенты с ранее уcтановленным диагнозом ПОУГ, получавшие гипотензивную терапию ß-блокаторами либо ингибиторами карбоангидразы (ИКА), но при недостаточном гипотензивном эффекте; пациенты с ранее установленным диагнозом ПОУГ, получавшие монотерапию препаратами АПГ не более 2-х месяцев. Препарат Трилактан назначался 1 раз в сутки на ночь (в 20 часов). Гипотензивный эффект оценивали через 1, 4 и 8 недель. Срок наблюдения составил 8 недель.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. На фоне 8-недельной монотерапии Трилактаном было отмечено снижение офтальмотонуса с 1-й недели инстилляции до 30% от исходного уровня тонометрического внутриглазного давления (ВГД), в качестве дополнительного препарата — до 20%. Статистически значимой зависимости степени снижения офтальмотонуса от выраженности пигментации структур УПК 0-3 степеней выявлено не было. Однако при выраженной пигментации (4 балла) УПК гипотензивный эффект, выражавшийся в снижении среднего уровня ВГД, был больше, однако разница не оказалась статистически достоверной (p>0,05). Исходный уровень ВГД в данной группе был также более низким.ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Исследуемый препарат Трилактан показал хороший гипотензивный эффект, сопоставимый с оригинальным препаратом, как в монотерапии, так и в комбинации с другими гипотензивными препаратами. Статистически значимой зависимости степени снижения офтальмотонуса от выраженности пигментации структур УПК выявлено не было. Влияние аналогов простагландинов на состояние трабекулярной сети и улучшение трабекулярного оттока представляется перспективным для дальнейших исследований

Hydrodynamic properties of cyclodextrin molecules in dilute solutions

Three well-known representatives of the cyclodextrin family were completely characterized by molecular hydrodynamics methods in three different solvents. For the first time the possibility of an estimation of velocity sedimentation coefficients s between 0.15 and 0.5 S by the numerical solution of the Lamm equation is shown. Comparison of the experimental hydrodynamic characteristics of the cyclodextrins with theoretical calculations for toroidal molecules allows an estimation of the thickness of the solvent layers on the surface of cyclodextrin molecules

ATP-Dependent Unwinding of U4/U6 snRNAs by the Brr2 Helicase Requires the C Terminus of Prp8

The spliceosome is a highly dynamic machine requiring multiple RNA-dependent ATPases of the DExD/H-box family. A fundamental unanswered question is how their activities are regulated. Brr2 function is necessary for unwinding the U4/U6 duplex, a step essential for catalytic activation of the spliceosome. Here we show that Brr2-dependent dissociation of U4/U6 snRNAs in vitro is activated by a fragment from the C terminus of the U5 snRNP protein Prp8. In contrast to its helicase-stimulating activity, this fragment inhibits Brr2 U4/U6-dependent ATPase activity. Notably, U4/U6 unwinding activity is not stimulated by fragments carrying alleles of prp8 that in humans confers an autosomal dominant form of retinitis pigmentosa. Because Brr2 activity must be restricted to prevent premature catalytic activation, our results have important implications for fidelity maintenance in the spliceosome