The influence of the concentration of montmorillonite containing sorbent and pH of the culture medium on the antibiotic sensitivity of Escherichia coli, as well as the effect of ground on growth of Escherichia

The aim of this work was the comparative sensitivity test of E. coli to enrofloxacin and doxycycline and bactericidal action of montmorillonite containing sorbent and its combination with enrofloxacin, as well as the influence of the concentration of the enriched montmorillonite containing sorbent and pH of the culture medium on the antibiotic sensitivity of Escherichia coli. The sensitivity test of Escherichia coli to enrofloxacin, and the combination of enrofloxacin with sorbent was performd by the method of double serial dilutions of drugs in a liquid culture mediu

Pancreatogenic infections: importance of microbiological monitoring and penetration of antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents into the pancreas when defining therapeutic approach

The review provides the information on the spectrum of microorganisms initiating the development of clinical and morphological forms of pancreatogenic infections. It is shown that when analyzing pathological conditions, no features in the microbiological landscape of the secondary infection in the pancreas and the surrounding extraperitoneal cellular tissue are registere

Risks of clinical trial protocol amendments according to duration of the trial

Background. No clinical trial could be initiated and conducted without appropriate clinical trial protocol. Any change in information relating to patients’ safety and health during the trial must be recorded and approved by a form of amendment to the clinical trial protocol, which is a time-consuming and financially expensive process for the Sponsors of these studies.Goal. To analyze the probability of releasing of clinical trials protocols amendments and to determine the most "pregnable" period for their occurrence in the course of the trials.Materials and Methods. The results of clinical trial protocols analysis are presented, which were approved by Russian Health Authorities between three years from 2017 to 2019 inclusive. In total, 20 protocols and 39 amendments were analyzed. Results. In the first year of the study, 21 amendments were issued, representing slightly more than half (54%) of the total number of amendments. During the second year, 12 amendments were issued, (31%). For the third year of the trial, only 3 amendments (7%) were made and for the fourth — 4, which is 8% of the total.Conclusion. The largest number of protocol amendments came out at first two years of clinical trial. Thus, they are the most "dangerous" years in the life of a clinical study in connection with the examination of developed protocol in real life. These first two years show how carefully the protocol was designed, how it meets the requirements of regulatory authorities, criteria and recommendations of professional associations, how feasible and effective the various criteria and procedures are

Impact of COVID-19 on clinical trials protocol amendments

The COVID-19 pandemic situation had a great impact on all spheres of people’s lives. It also affected clinical trials as Sponsors, sites and investigators faced a number of problems, such as systematic IMP taking, adherence to protocol visits, efficacy evaluations, laboratory procedures, and analyse

Transient receptor potential Ankyrin 1: structure, function and ligands

The aim of this study is to search and generalize information about structural features and molecular determinants, mechanisms of activation, action and modulation of TRPA1 as a universal pain and inflammation sensor, as well as the nature of activators and antagonists of this target and their therapeutic potentia

Clinical case of early diagnostics of galaktoseemia type 1 of a newborn

Galactosemia is a rare genetic metabolic disease. Timely diagnosis and treatment affect the dynamics of the disease and prognosis. The article describes a clinical case of early diagnosis of a metabolic disorder of galactose of a newborn.Галактоземия относится к редким наследственным заболеваниям обмена веществ. Своевременная диагностика и лечение влияют на динамику заболевания и прогноз. В статье рассмотрен клинический случай ранней диагностики нарушения обмена галактозы у новорожденного

АНАЛИЗ РЫНКА ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ ДЛЯ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ДИСМЕНОРЕИ

The range and sales analysis of pharmaceuticals for the dysmenorrhea treatment on the market of Russian Federation was carried out. Various groups of medicaments can be used for the dysmenorrhea therapy. Vast majority of medicines is prescribed and can not be used for self-treatment. The most commonly used medicines have quite extensive list of the registered therapeutic indications that complicates the analysis of sales whereas not only patients with dysmenorrhea provide the market requirements. Despite there is a broad assortment, just a few medicines lead in the sales market and have a stabile demand. Federal and local market structures of the dysmenorrhea treatment are slightly different (by the example of the Voronezh region). Pentalgine (in value) and Citramon (in volume) have the greatest sales among analgetics. Among antispasmodic the leader of sales is No-spa.Проведен анализ ассортимента и продаж лекарственных средств для лечения дисменореи на рынке Российской Федерации. Для терапии дисменореи могут быть использованы лекарственные препараты различных фармакотерапевтических групп, большая часть которых отпускается по рецепту врача и не может быть использована в рамках самолечения. Все наиболее широко применяемые препараты имеют достаточно широкий список зарегистрированных показаний к применению, что затрудняет анализ продаж, поскольку спрос на препараты обеспечивают не только пациентки с дисменореей. Несмотря на широкий ассортимент, основной объем продаж приходится на несколько лидирующих препаратов, имеющих стабильный спрос. Структуры федерального и локального рынка средств для лечения дисменореи отличаются незначительно (на примере Воронежской области). Наибольший объем продаж среди анальгетиков имеют пенталгин (врублях) и цитрамон (в упаковках). Среди спазмолитиков лидером продаж является Но-шпа

DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS OF ALLERGIC BRONCHOPULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Studies of probable significance of different immunological mediators for the development of chronic allergic inflammation in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) are necessary in order to specify potential targets for therapeutic intervention and timely diagnosis of the disease. The purpose of present study was to determine the features of immune response regulation, and to identify diagnostic markers associated with development of ABPA in patients with bronchial asthma, and to evaluate clinical and immunological efficacy of specific antimycotic therapy.The study involved 13 patients with ABPA, 14 patients with bronchial asthma with fungal sensitization (BAFS), 17 patients with bronchial asthma (BA) and 12 apparently healthy individuals. Levels of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), IL-8, as well as levels of total IgE and specific IgE to Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) were measured in blood serum by enzyme immunoassay; blood eosinophil counts were also made. Monitoring of these immunological markers in the course of antimycotic therapy was carried out.Significantly higher numbers of eosinophils, increased levels of total IgE and sIgE for A. fumigatus, as well as TARC and IL-8 in serum were revealed in patients with ABPA when compared to the patients with BA. No significant differences in TSLP content were found between the examined groups of patients. A positive correlation between the levels of sIgE to A. fumigatus and contents of TARC and IL-8, numbers of eosinophils, and total IgE levels confirms the important diagnostic value of proinflammatory cytokines in ABPA patients. In the course of itraconazole medication, a positive clinical and immunological dynamics in ABPA patients was revealed. After 12 weeks of therapy, a significant increase in AST, FEV1 and Tiffno respiratory indexes, along with decreased number of eosinophils, total IgE levels, and a trend towards a decrease in TARC and IL-8 levels were documented. This dynamics confirms clinical efficiency of antifungal drugs when treating chronic allergic inflammation in ABPA patients.Implementation of modern immunological biomarkers, alongside with traditional indicators, will allow to differentially evaluate a probability for ABLA development in patients with bronchial asthma, to present additional evidence for discerning early stages of the disease, and to conclude about the efficiency of the therapy applied

Optical Identification of Four Hard X-ray Sources from the Swift All-Sky Survey

We present the results of our optical identifications of four hard X-ray sources from the Swift all-sky survey. We obtained optical spectra for each of the program objects with the 6-m BTA telescope (Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhnii Arkhyz), which allowed their nature to be established. Two sources (SWIFT J2237.2+6324} and SWIFT J2341.0+7645) are shown to belong to the class of cataclysmic variables (suspected polars or intermediate polars). The measured emission line width turns out to be fairly large (FWHM ~ 15-25 A), suggesting the presence of extended, rapidly rotating (v~400-600 km/s) accretion disks in the systems. Apart from line broadening, we have detected a change in the positions of the line centroids for SWIFT J2341.0+7645, which is most likely attributable to the orbital motion of the white dwarf in the binary system. The other two program objects (SWIFT J0003.3+2737 and SWIFT J0113.8+2515) are extragalactic in origin: the first is a Seyfert 2 galaxy and the second is a blazar at redshift z=1.594. Apart from the optical spectra, we provide the X-ray spectra for all sources in the 0.6-10 keV energy band obtained from XRT/Swift data.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, will be published in Astronomy Letters, 38, No.5, pp.281-289 (2012