ЛИПОПОЛИСАХАРИД-СВЯЗЫВАЮЩИЙ БЕЛОК, НЕОПТЕРИН И ИНТЕРФЕРОН-Г КАК ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ АКТИВНОСТИ ВОСПАЛЕНИЯ У БОЛЬНЫХ ОСТРЫМ БРУЦЕЛЛЁЗОМ

Brucellosis is characterized by nonspecific clinical manifestations, the possibility of subclinical flow, the development of relapses and chronic course. Currently, there are no laboratory criteria to assess the activity of inflammation in brucellosis, the effectiveness of the therapy, predict the outcome of the disease and the risks of recurrence. Available in clinical practice, laboratory tests to assess inflammation, in particular, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, leukocyte level, with brucellosis infection are almost not informative. An important role in the development of the cellular immune response against brucella is played by interferon-γ, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and neopterin. The aim of the study was to determine the level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, neopterin and interferon-γ, in the serum of patients with acute form of brucellosis before and after antibacterial treatment. When studying the blood of patients with acute brucellosis before and after therapy, the indices of neopterin, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and interferon-γ were significantly higher than normal values. The obtained results testify to the persisting active inflammation and the formation of a chronic brucellosis. Determination of the level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, neopterin and interferon-γ in the blood of patients with brucellosis can be used as markers of inflammation and in monitoring the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy.Цель: определение уровня ЛПС-белка, неоптерина и ИФН- γ в сыворотке крови больных с острой формой бруцеллеза до и после лечения антибактериальными препаратами. Материалы и методы: в исследование включены 65 больных острым бруцеллезом. Для определения уровня ЛПС-белка в сыворотке крови использовали тестсистемы «Hycultbiotech, Netherlands», ELISA. Уровень неоптерина в сыворотке крови определяли с помощью тест-систем Neopterin ELISA «IBL, Hamburg». Определение уровня ИФН- γ в сыворотке крови проводили тестсистемами Вектор Бест А-8752 гамма-ИнтерферонИФА-БЕСТ производства «Вектор-БЕСТ», Россия. Группу сравнения составили 32 здоровых донора, сопоставимые по полу и возрасту с больными бруцеллезом, не болевшие этой инфекцией, не вакцинированные против этой инфекции. Специфические лабораторные исследования крови, определение уровня ЛПС-белка, уровня ИФН-γ и неоптерина в образцах сыворотки крови проводились в лабораториях Ставропольского научно-исследовательского противочумного института Роспотребнадзора Результаты: при исследовании крови больных острым бруцеллезом до и после лечения определены показатели неоптерина, липополисахарид-связывающего белка и интерферона- γ, значительно превышающие нормальные значения. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о сохраняющемся активном воспалении и формировании хронического бруцеллеза. Заключение: патогенетической основой практически закономерной трансформации острой стадии инфекции в хроническую является несостоятельность врожденного и адаптивного иммунитета в отношении бруцелл с созданием условий для незавершенного фагоцитоза и долгосрочного внутриклеточного паразитирования. ИФН- γ, неоптерин и ЛПС-белок относятся к иммуномодулирующим факторам реакции иммунитета на возбудителя, и определение их уровня в крови больных бруцеллезом возможно использовать в качестве маркеров воспаления и в мониторинге эффективности антибактериальной терапии

The Diversification of the LIM Superclass at the Base of the Metazoa Increased Subcellular Complexity and Promoted Multicellular Specialization

Background: Throughout evolution, the LIM domain has been deployed in many different domain configurations, which has led to the formation of a large and distinct group of proteins. LIM proteins are involved in relaying stimuli received at the cell surface to the nucleus in order to regulate cell structure, motility, and division. Despite their fundamental roles in cellular processes and human disease, little is known about the evolution of the LIM superclass. Results: We have identified and characterized all known LIM domain-containing proteins in six metazoans and three nonmetazoans. In addition, we performed a phylogenetic analysis on all LIM domains and, in the process, have identified a number of novel non-LIM domains and motifs in each of these proteins. Based on these results, we have formalized a classification system for LIM proteins, provided reasonable timing for class and family origin events; and identified lineagespecific loss events. Our analysis is the first detailed description of the full set of LIM proteins from the non-bilaterian species examined in this study. Conclusion: Six of the 14 LIM classes originated in the stem lineage of the Metazoa. The expansion of the LIM superclass at the base of the Metazoa undoubtedly contributed to the increase in subcellular complexity required for the transition from a unicellular to multicellular lifestyle and, as such, was a critically important event in the history of animal multicellularity

Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, neopterin and interferon-gamma as indices of inflammation activity in patients with acute brucellosis

Brucellosis is characterized by nonspecific clinical manifestations, the possibility of subclinical flow, the development of relapses and chronic course. Currently, there are no laboratory criteria to assess the activity of inflammation in brucellosis, the effectiveness of the therapy, predict the outcome of the disease and the risks of recurrence. Available in clinical practice, laboratory tests to assess inflammation, in particular, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, leukocyte level, with brucellosis infection are almost not informative. An important role in the development of the cellular immune response against brucella is played by interferon-γ, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and neopterin. The aim of the study was to determine the level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, neopterin and interferon-γ, in the serum of patients with acute form of brucellosis before and after antibacterial treatment. When studying the blood of patients with acute brucellosis before and after therapy, the indices of neopterin, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and interferon-γ were significantly higher than normal values. The obtained results testify to the persisting active inflammation and the formation of a chronic brucellosis. Determination of the level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, neopterin and interferon-γ in the blood of patients with brucellosis can be used as markers of inflammation and in monitoring the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy