Уровни представления вычислительного процесса и рабочей нагрузки на ЛВС

The article considers the computational process in local area network at four levels of interaction referring to their possible decomposition into parts and the connection between these parts. Classification of types of workload is presented. A solution to the problem of the rigid dependence of the research results on the features of the architecture of the applied equipment is proposed. В статье рассматривается вычислительный процесс в локальных вычислительных сетях на четырех уровнях взаимодействия по их возможности декомпозиции на части и по связям между этими частями. Представлена классификация видов рабочей нагрузки. Предложено решение проблемы жесткой зависимости получаемых результатов исследований от особенностей архитектуры применяемого оборудования.

Stimulation of reparation in a linear wound model in rats by Bischofit gel

The article is to evaluate Bischofit gel reparative activity in a linear wound model in rat

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЯ В СЕТЯХ С КОММУТАЦИЕЙ ПАКЕТОВ

The paper presents analysis and generalization of the quality of service mechanisms in packetswitched networks. Decomposition of the quality of service mechanisms is presented. Each QoS control mechanism can be split into four components. Each component is responsible for the defined subtask. A method of formalization is offered in which each QoS mechanism component is presented by function of defined arguments. Presented method is used for simulation of QoS mechanisms in the next generation networks.Анализируются и обобщаются принципы работы механизмов обеспечения качества обслуживания в сетях с коммутацией пакетов. Проводится декомпозиция и выделяются четыре компонента механизмов обеспечения качества обслуживания. Описываются особенности каждого из компонентов. Предлагается способ формализации для построения имитационных моделей механизмов обеспечения качества обслуживания в сетях нового поколения, при котором каждый из компонентов представляется функцией от определенных параметров

Clinical course, costs and predictive factors for response to treatment in carpal tunnel syndrome: The PALMS study protocol

Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common neuropathy of the upper limb and a significant contributor to hand functional impairment and disability. Effective treatment options include conservative and surgical interventions, however it is not possible at present to predict the outcome of treatment. The primary aim of this study is to identify which baseline clinical factors predict a good outcome from conservative treatment (by injection) or surgery in patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. Secondary aims are to describe the clinical course and progression of CTS, and to describe and predict the UK cost of CTS to the individual, National Health Service (NHS) and society over a two year period. Methods/Design In this prospective observational cohort study patients presenting with clinical signs and symptoms typical of CTS and in whom the diagnosis is confirmed by nerve conduction studies are invited to participate. Data on putative predictive factors are collected at baseline and follow-up through patient questionnaires and include standardised measures of symptom severity, hand function, psychological and physical health, comorbidity and quality of life. Resource use and cost over the 2 year period such as prescribed medications, NHS and private healthcare contacts are also collected through patient self-report at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. The primary outcome used to classify treatment success or failures will be a 5-point global assessment of change. Secondary outcomes include changes in clinical symptoms, functioning, psychological health, quality of life and resource use. A multivariable model of factors which predict outcome and cost will be developed. Discussion This prospective cohort study will provide important data on the clinical course and UK costs of CTS over a two-year period and begin to identify predictive factors for treatment success from conservative and surgical interventions

A vine copula mixed effect model for trivariate meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies accounting for disease prevalence

A bivariate copula mixed model has been recently proposed to synthesize diagnostic test accuracy studies and it has been shown that it is superior to the standard generalized linear mixed model in this context. Here, we call trivariate vine copulas to extend the bivariate meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies by accounting for disease prevalence. Our vine copula mixed model includes the trivariate generalized linear mixed model as a special case and can also operate on the original scale of sensitivity, specificity, and disease prevalence. Our general methodology is illustrated by re-analyzing the data of two published meta-analyses. Our study suggests that there can be an improvement on trivariate generalized linear mixed model in fit to data and makes the argument for moving to vine copula random effects models especially because of their richness, including reflection asymmetric tail dependence, and computational feasibility despite their three dimensionality

What factors influence training opportunities for older workers? Three factorial surveys exploring the attitudes of HR professionals

The core research questions addressed in this paper are: what factors influence HR professionals in deciding whether to approve training proposals for older workers? What kind of training are they more likely to recommend for older employees and in which organizational contexts? We administered three factorial surveys to 66 HR professionals in Italy. Participants made specific training decisions based on profiles of hypothetical older workers. Multilevel analyses indicated that access to training decreases strongly with age, while highly-skilled older employees with low absenteeism rates are more likely to enjoy training opportunities. In addition, older workers displaying positive performance are more likely to receive training than older workers who perform poorly, suggesting that training late in working life may serve as a reward for good performance rather than as a means of enhancing productivity. The older the HR professional evaluating training proposals, the higher the probability that older workers will be recommended for training. keywords: training; older workers; HR professionals; factorial survey; multilevel model

Магнитомягкие композиты на основе порошков железа для создания компонентов двухстаторного комбинированного электродвигателя

An experimental prototype of electric motor on permanent (FeNdB) magnets with switchable magnetic flux with two sectioned stators and a rotor using SMC material based on encapsulated metal powders has been developed. The method of manufacture of magnetic cores by powder metallurgy method on the basis of magnetically soft encapsulated titanium dioxide composites has been developed, including computer modeling of magnetic cores components, creation of tooling for their manufacture by pressing and selection of technological modes of pressing. Press set for manufacturing stator components by pressing in the form of a mold was made of hardened 5XHB steel. With its use magnetic components for twostator combined electric motor are pressed. The main electromagnetic characteristics of the components were measured with an express magnetometer. Complex studies showed that the magnetic components have sufficient strength and the necessary electromagnetic characteristics to create a two-stator combined electric motor of this type. An experimental sample of electric motor with maximum power of 15 kW was created on the basis of manufactured magnetic components. Advantages of composite material over electrical steel and other soft magnetic alloys allow providing their wider application in electric machines in order to increase specific power at high speed of rotation with less losses.Разработан экспериментальный образец электродвигателя с переключаемым магнитным потоком с двумя секционированными статорами и ротором на постоянных (FeNdB) магнитах с применением SMC-материала на основе капсулированных металлических порошков. Создана методика изготовления магнитопроводов на основемагнитомягких капсулированных диоксидом титана композитов методом порошковой металлургии, включающая в себя компьютерное моделирование компонентов магнитопроводов, создание оснастки для их изготовления методом прессования и выбор технологических режимов прессования. Оснастка для компонентов статора методом прессования в виде пресс-формы изготовлена из закаленной стали 5ХHB. С ее применением спрессованы магнитныекомпоненты для двухстаторного комбинированного электродвигателя. Основные электромагнитные характеристики компонентов измерены с помощью экспресс-магнетометра. Комплексные исследования показали, что магнитные компоненты обладают достаточной прочностью и необходимыми электромагнитными характеристиками длясоздания двухстаторного комбинированного данного типа электродвигателя. На основе изготовленных магнитных компонентов создан экспериментальный образец электродвигателя с максимальной расчетной мощностью 15 кВт. Преимущества композиционного материала перед электротехнической сталью и другими магнитомягкими сплавами позволяют обеспечить более широкое их применение в электрических машинах с целью повышения удельной мощности при высокой скорости вращения с меньшими потерями

Клиническое наблюдение редкого варианта поражения лабиринта: опухоль эндолимфатического мешка

Endolymphatic sac tumors are rare neoplasms originating from the endolymphatic epithelium of the intraosseous part of the endolymphatic duct and sac, typically characterized by slow growth and local destructive changes. We present a case of an endolymphatic sac tumor in a 28-year-old man who consulted an otoneurologist with complaints of progressive hearing loss and dizziness attacks and was referred for a CT scan of the temporal bones and MRI of the inner ear with delayed contrast enhancement. The data of otoneurological and radiological examinations before and after surgical treatment and the results of surgical treatment with histological verification of the tumor are presented. The objective of this case presentation is to demonstrate the usefulness of CT and MRI methods in detecting an endolymphatic sac tumor, to compare the results of otoneurological and radiological examinations and intraoperative and histological data followed by surgery. Radiological examination revealed a neoplasm of the right temporal bone with typical imaging characteristics of endolymphatic sac tumor. Surgery was performed, the mass was removed completely, and the endolymphatic sac tumor was histologically verified. Radiologic presentation includes a typically located area of bone destruction in the petrous part of the temporal bone in the area of the vestibular aqueduct, possibly with the spread of the tumor into the cerebellopontine angle, with a heterogeneous structure, with uneven contrast enhancement. Due to the rarity of this pathology, diagnosis in the early stages is often difficult, and for the correct interpretation of radiologic findings in patients with hearing loss and dizziness, knowledge of the normal anatomy of the temporal bone and awareness of rare variants of its lesions are of key importance. Timely examination of patients with suspected temporal bone lesions and correct diagnosis are the key to successful treatment and maintaining the quality of life in this group of patients.Опухоли эндолимфатического мешка — это редкие новообразования, исходящие из эндолимфатического эпителия внутрикостной части эндолимфатического протока и мешка, типичными для них являются медленный рост и локальные деструктивные изменения. Нами представлено наблюдение опухоли эндолимфатического мешка у мужчины 28 лет, который обратился к отоневрологу с жалобами на прогрессирующее снижение слуха и приступы головокружения и был направлен на лучевое обследование в объеме МСКТ височных костей и МРТ внутреннего уха с отсроченным контрастированием. Приведены данные отоневрологического, лучевого обследования до и после оперативного лечения и результаты оперативного лечения с гистологической верификацией опухоли. Цель данного наблюдения — продемонстрировать возможности лучевой диагностики (КТ и МРТ) в выявлении опухоли эндолимфатического мешка, сопоставить результаты отоневрологического и лучевого обследования и интраоперационные и гистологические данные. При лучевом обследовании выявлено новообразование височной кости с типичными визуализационными характеристиками опухоли эндолимфатического мешка. Проведено оперативное лечение, образование удалено, верифицирована опухоль эндолимфатического мешка. Лучевая семиотика ОЭМ включает наличие типично расположенной зоны остеодеструкции в каменистой части височной кости в зоне расположения водопровода преддверия, возможно распространение опухолевого компонента в область мостомозжечкового угла, гетерогенной структуры, с неравномерным накоплением контрастного препарата. В связи с редкостью данной патологии диагностика на ранних стадиях часто затруднена, а для верной интерпретации изменений при лучевом обследовании пациентов со снижением слуха и головокружением, знание нормальной лучевой анатомии височной кости и информированность о редких вариантах ее патологии имеют ключевое значение. Своевременное обследование пациентов с подозрением на образование височной кости и правильная постановка диагноза являются залогом успешного лечения и сохранения качества жизни у данной группы пациентов

Metabolic regulation by p53

We are increasingly aware that cellular metabolism plays a vital role in diseases such as cancer, and that p53 is an important regulator of metabolic pathways. By transcriptional activation and other means, p53 is able to contribute to the regulation of glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, glutaminolysis, insulin sensitivity, nucleotide biosynthesis, mitochondrial integrity, fatty acid oxidation, antioxidant response, autophagy and mTOR signalling. The ability to positively and negatively regulate many of these pathways, combined with feedback signalling from these pathways to p53, demonstrates the reciprocal and flexible nature of the regulation, facilitating a diverse range of responses to metabolic stress. Intriguingly, metabolic stress triggers primarily an adaptive (rather than pro-apoptotic) p53 response, and p53 is emerging as an important regulator of metabolic homeostasis. A better understanding of how p53 coordinates metabolic adaptation will facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets and will also illuminate the wider role of p53 in human biology