Iatrogenic stomach perforation complicating unrecognized posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernia (Gastro Thorax)

We report a case of 21-year-old male patient with traumatic diaphragmatic herniation of the stomach that is misdiagnosed as a hemo-pneumothorax with the resulting insertion of a chest tube causing iatrogenic perforation of the stomach and draining of gastric content into the pleural cavity. An emergency thoracotomy was performed, and the stomach has been repaired and reduced to the abdomen, followed by repair of the left diaphragm. Postoperative wound infection due to residual empyema was treated aggressively. We discussed and highlighted the diagnostic approach to clinical management of traumatic diaphragmatic rupture (TDR) and the importance of using nasogastric (NG) tube to avoid occurrence of such iatrogenic trauma.Key words: Diaphragmatic rupture Stomach perforation

Identification of novel therapeutic targets in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma using targeted next generation sequencing.

Understanding genetic aberrations in cancer leads to discovery of new targets for cancer therapies. The genomic landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully described. Therefore, patients with refractory advanced/metastatic HCC referred for experimental therapies, who had adequate tumor tissue available, had targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) of their tumor samples using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform (Foundation One, Foundation Medicine, MA) and their treatment outcomes were analyzed. In total, NGS was obtained for 14 patients (median number of prior therapies, 1) with advanced/metastatic HCC. Of these 14 patients, 10 (71%) were men, 4 (29%) women, 6 (43%) had hepatitis B or C-related HCC. NGS revealed at least 1 molecular abnormality in 12 patients (range 0-8, median 2). Detected molecular aberrations led to putative activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway (n=3 [mTOR, PIK3CA, NF1]), Wnt pathway (n=6 [CTNNA1, CTNNB1]), MAPK pathway (n=2 [MAP2K1, NRAS]), and aberrant DNA repair mechanisms, cell cycle control and apoptosis (n=18 [ATM, ATR, BAP1, CCND1, CDKN2A, CDK4, FGF3, FGF4, FGF19, MCL1, MDM2, RB1, TP53]). Of the 3 patients with molecular aberrations putatively activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, 2 received therapies including a mTOR inhibitor and all demonstrated therapeutic benefit ranging from a partial response to minor shrinkage per RECIST (-30%, -15%; respectively). In conclusion, genomic alterations are common in advanced HCC. Refractory patients with alterations putatively activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway demonstrated early signals of clinical activity when treated with therapies targeting mTOR

NUMERICAL PREDICTION OF SOLITARY WAVE FORMATION OF A PLANING HULL IN SHALLOW WATER CHANNELS

This paper uses a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis to investigate the shallow water effects on prismatic planing hull. The turbulence flow around the hull was described by Reynolds Navier Stokes equations RANSE using the k-ɛ turbulence model. The free surface was modelled by the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The analysis was steady for all the range of speeds except those close to the critical speed range due to the propagation of the planing hull solitary waves at this range. In this study, the planing hull lift force, total resistance, and wave pattern for the range of subcritical speeds, critical speeds, and supercritical speeds have been calculated using CFD. The numerical results have been compared with experimental results. The pressure distribution on the planing hull and its wave pattern at critical speed in shallow water were compared with those in deep water

Electrical behavior and Optical Properties of Copper oxide thin Films

In this work the structural, electrical and optical Properties of CuO semiconductor films had been studied, which prepared at three thickness (100, 200 and 500 nm) by spray pyrolysis method at 573K substrate temperatures on glass substrates from 0.2M CuCl2•2H2O dissolved in alcohol. Structural Properties shows that the films have only a polycrystalline CuO phase with preferential orientation in the (111) direction, the dc conductivity shows that all films have two activation energies, Ea1 (0.45-0.66 eV) and Ea2 (0.055-.0185 eV), CuO films have CBH (Correlated Barrier Hopping) mechanism for ac-conductivity. The energy gap between (1.5-1.85 eV)

Spatial Modelling and Analysis of an Electrical Distribution System

The distribution of electrical energy to end-users in Nigerian communities is faced with diverse spatial problems leading to low voltage, overload on equipment, difficulties in fault tracing and delay in fault clearing. The traditional management system is not only manual but also has flaws such as difficulties in searching and updating previous records as well as no real-time information on their distribution assets. In this study, a geospatial technique was employed for effective management of the electricity distribution system in Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria. Spatial information of distribution asset was collected from the field and used in the structural modelling of the distribution network in the ArcMap software. Analysis of the model and the available information showed that 80 % of the transformers were not properly located at the centroid of the load. The span of the network fairly conformed to standard as only 45.73 % were within 45-50 m. The result also showed that 40 % of the transformers were overloaded with an unbalanced load, hence the need for restructuring of the network

Optical Properties of Organometallic Perovskite: An ab initio Study using Relativistic GW Correction and Bethe-Salpeter Equation

In the development of highly efficient photovoltaic cells, solid perovskite systems have demonstrated unprecedented promise, with the figure of merit exceeding nineteen percent of efficiency. In this paper, we investigate the optical and vibrational properties of organometallic cubic perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 using first-principles calculations. For accurate theoretical description, we go beyond conventional density functional theory (DFT), and calculated optical conductivity using relativist quasi-particle (GW) correction. Incorporating these many-body effects, we further solve Bethe-Salpeter equations (BSE) for excitons, and found enhanced optical conductivity near the gap edge. Due to the presence of organic methylammonium cations near the center of the perovskite cell, the system is sensitive to low energy vibrational modes. We estimate the phonon modes of CH3NH3PbI3 using small displacement approach, and further calculate the infrared absorption (IR) spectra. Qualitatively, our calculations of low-energy phonon frequencies are in good agreement with our terahertz measurements. Therefore, for both energy scales (around 2 eV and 0-20 meV), our calculations reveal the importance of many-body effects and their contributions to the desirable optical properties in the cubic organometallic perovskites system.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Cybersecurity Awareness in African Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study of Sudan

The crisis caused by the rapid spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) has imposed a swift and profound change on teaching and learning methods. Consequently, most higher education institutions around the world, including African higher education institutions, have moved from face-to-face teaching to online learning and teaching, which has made the use of the internet by university students necessary and obligatory regardless of the risks associated with unsafe use. This quick move to online teaching and learning has exposed African universities to a greater risk of cybercrime. This prompted the researchers to investigate the cybersecurity awareness levels among undergraduate students at African higher education institutions based in the case country, Sudan. In an exploratory research approach, a survey was conducted on a convenience sample of 1,200 undergraduate students at six public universities in Sudan. The results show that most undergraduate students in Sudan higher educational institutions have low cybersecurity awareness levels. Further investigation using inferential statistics reveals that male students at the universities in Sudan have slightly higher levels of cybersecurity awareness than female students. Most of the participants believe that cybersecurity should be taught in schools; they are also willing to learn about cybersecurity. In addition, the results showed that students with advanced computer skills significantly differ from students with intermediate or basic computer skills in practicing cybersecurity