Blood coagulation parameters in rats with acute radiation syndrome receiving activated carbon as a preventive remedy

Radiation-induced coagulopathy (RIC) is one of the major causes of death during acute radiation syndrome (ARS). The aim of this study was to characterize the responses of the hemostasis system to ARS of a moderate level on the 1st and 9th days after irradiation. We aimed to identify molecular markers of the blood coagulation system that are most affected by ARS and to estimate the enterosorption effect on the development of irradiation-induced changes. Platelet aggregation rate, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen concentration were determined by standard methods. Level of protein C (PC) was measured using­ chromogenic substrate S2366 (p-Glu-Pro-Arg-pNa) and Agkistrodon halys halys snake venom activa­ting enzyme. Functionally inactive forms of prothrombin (FIFPs) were determined using two activators in parallel – thromboplastin or prothrombin activator from Echis multisqumatis venom. Rats of both irradia­ted groups had a higher risk of intravascular clotting in comparison to both control groups. Statistically significant shortening of clotting time in the APTT test (24 ± 4 s vs. 33 ± 5 s) and increased fibrinogen concentration (4.2 ± 0.6 mg/ml vs. 3.2 ± 0.3 mg/ml) were detected. Both parameters were normalized on the 9th day after irradiation. However the platelet count was decreased (0.3∙106 ± 0.05∙106 1/μl vs. 0.145∙106 ± 0.04∙106 1/μl) due to the impaired megakaryocytic function. The level of PC was decreased after X-ray irradiation (70 ± 10%) and partly restored on the 9th day after irradiation (87 ± 10%). Administration of activated carbon (AC) inhibited the drop in the PC concentration after X-ray irradiation (86 ± 15%) and accelerated its restoration on the 9th day (103 ± 14%). The statistically significant accumulation of FIFPs was detected in blood plasma of irradia­ted rats at the 1st and 9th days after irradiation. No FIFPs were found in any irradiated rat treated with AC. Characterization of the hemostasis system of rats that were exposed to a semilethal dose of X-rays allowed us to select parameters that can be used for monitoring of ARS development. Apart of from basic coagulation tests (APTT) and the measurement of platelet aggregation, fibrinogen and protein C level we can recommend the determination of FIFPs as a useful tool for estimation of the hemostasis response after irradiation with X-rays. This test indicates the intravascular thrombin generation and can help predict thrombotic complication or disseminated intravascular coagulation. Determination of FIFPs in blood plasma of irradia­ted rats allowed us to study the enterosorption effect on the development of irradiation-induced changes. It was shown that enterosorption with AC prevented accumulation of FIFPs which appears to be a newly discovered anti-thrombotic effect of therapy with AC. ARS influenced hemostasis by inducing thrombin generation (indicated by FIFPs generation), low-grade inflammation (indicated by PC concentration decrease) and thrombocytopenia. Enterosorption with AC minimizes inflammation and pro-coagulant processes caused by a moderate dose of X-ray irradiation. Accumulation of FIFPs can be assumed to be one of the most sensitive markers of the blood coagulation response to X-ray irradiation

Outbreak of West Nile virus infection, Volgograd Region, Russia, 1999.

From July 25 to October 1, 1999, 826 patients were admitted to Volgograd Region, Russia, hospitals with acute aseptic meningoencephalitis, meningitis, or fever consistent with arboviral infection. Of 84 cases of meningoencephalitis, 40 were fatal. Fourteen brain specimens were positive in reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays, confirming the presence of West Nile/Kunjin virus

Правовий механізм передачі земельних ділянок для ведення фермерського господарства

Платонова Є. О. Правовий механізм передачі земельних ділянок для ведення фермерського господарства / Є. О. Платонова, А. І. Черемнова // Актуальні проблеми держави і права : зб. наук. пр. / редкол.: В. В. Завальнюк (голов. ред.) [та ін.] ; відп. за вип. М. В. Афанасьєва. – Одеса : Юрид. л-ра, 2015. – Вип. 75. – C. 350-357.Стаття присвячена дослідженню організаційно-правового порядку передачі земельних ділянок для ведення фермерського господарства громадянам України у власність із земель державної або комунальної власності.Правовой механизм передачи земельных участков для ведения фермерского хозяйства. Статья посвящена исследованию организационно-правового порядка передачи земельных участков для ведения фермерского хозяйства гражданам Украины в собственность из земель государственной или коммунальной собственности.Legal mechanism of transfer of land lots for farming. The article is devoted to the research of organisational and legal procedure of transfer of land lots for farming into the ownership of the citizens of Ukraine from the state or municipal ownership

Military-medical expertise on the profile "dermatovenerology" of young men of military age

The article presents the relevance of the work of a dermatovenerologist in the process of establishing military fitness for service in the army in the profile "dermatovenerology" of young men of military age, based on literature data and analysis of clinical casesВ статье представлена актуальность работы врачадерматовенеролога в процессе установления военной пригодности к службе в армии по профилю «дерматовенерология» юношей призывного возраста, на основании данных литературы и разбора клинических случае

Entrepreneurship Education as a Subject of Research

On April 5, 2023 a round-table discussion on “Entrepreneurship Education as a Subject of Research” was organized by the Editorial Board of the “Higher Education in Russia” Journal with the Moscow University for Industry and Finance “Synergy” in the framework of the International Scientific Congress “The Role of Business in Society Transformation – 2023”. Entrepreneurship education formation is a focus of interest as for scientists, and for practitioners as well all around the world. During a round-table there were discussed the actual research issues required attention of academic society. Research trends were defined and connected: 1) with values, identity and moral dimension; 2) with mentors’ experience; 3) with students’ experience

Isolation, crystallization, and investigation of ribosomal protein S8 complexed with specific fragments of rRNA of bacterial or archaeal origin. Biochemistry 66

Study of the nature of protein-rRNA complexes is a topical problem of modern molecular biology. Structural studies of rRNA-protein complexes are the most direct and precise method of analysis of these interactions. Because ribosomal proteins are most conservative during evolution, their complexes with specific RNA fragments provide an interesting model for studying RNA-protein interactions. Ribosomal protein S8 from E. coli plays a key role in assembling the small ribosomal subunit The major region of protein S8 binding on 16S rRNA was determined by partial hydrolysis with restric tion endonucleases The binding sites of protein S8 on 16S rRNA are similar in E. coli and T. thermophilus. It was shown that ACCELERATED PUBLICATION 0006 2979/01/6609 0948$25.00 ©2001 MAIK "Nauka / Interperiodica" * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Vol. 66, No. 9, 2001, pp. 948 953. Translated from Biokhimiya, Vol. 66, No. 9, 2001, pp. 1165 1171. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2001 Abstract-The core ribosomal protein S8 binds to the central domain of 16S rRNA independently of other ribosomal proteins and is required for assembling the 30S subunit. It has been shown with E. coli ribosomes that a short rRNA fragment restrict ed by nucleotides 588 602 and 636 651 is sufficient for strong and specific protein S8 binding. In this work, we studied the complexes formed by ribosomal protein S8 from Thermus thermophilus and Methanococcus jannaschii with short rRNA frag ments isolated from the same organisms. The dissociation constants of the complexes of protein S8 with rRNA fragments were determined. Based on the results of binding experiments, rRNA fragments of different length were designed and syn thesized in preparative amounts in vitro using T7 RNA polymerase. Stable S8-RNA complexes were crystallized. Crystals were obtained both for homologous bacterial and archaeal complexes and for hybrid complexes of archaeal protein with bac terial rRNA. Crystals of the complex of protein S8 from M. jannaschii with the 37 nucleotide rRNA fragment from the same organism suitable for X ray analysis were obtained

Comparative analysis of the influence of chlorine and fluorine anions on the fibrin polymerization

The effect of NaCl and NaF salts in the range of 0.1-0.225 M concentrations on individual stages of fibrin polymerization was investigated, namely: the rate of fibrinogen activation by thrombin, the rate of protofibrils formation, the rate of lateral association of protofibrils, and the maximum clot absorbance value at 350 nm. It was found that the chlorine and fluorine anions equally inhibit the rate of formation of fibrin from fibrinogen and the formation of protofibrils activated with thrombin. Chlorine anions were shown to be significantly more effective than fluorine anions, inhibiting the rate of lateral association and maximal clot absorban­ce level from fibrin desA and desAB. A component of the inhibitory action of chlorine anions, not related to the ionic strength of the solution, was identified and its effect on the individual polymerization steps was shown. Chlorine anions were found to bind to a fibrin clot. Using the surface plasmon resonance method and fibrin-specific mAb FnI-3c, it was established that the rate of exposure of neoantigenic determinants of mAb in the hinge regions of the fibrinogen molecule during its transformation into fibrin under the action of thrombin is inhibited by chlorine anions in correlation with inhibition of the protofibril lateral association rate. It has been suggested that the inhibitory effect of chlorine anions consists of an ionic component and a component that blocks the conformational mobility of the molecule by the chlorine anions binding to its hinge regions and polymerization sites

Novel monoclonal antibody to fibrin(ogen) αC-region for detection of the earliest forms of soluble fibrin

Obtaining new monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) towards fibrin(ogen) and its fragments is an important task for studying mechanisms of blood clot formation, searching for novel antithrombotic agents and developing immunodiagnostics. The aim of the present work was to create and characterize a new mAb towards the fibrin(ogen) αС-region. We surmise that having a specific mAb towards this flexible part of the molecule will allow us to study the role of the αС-region in fibrin polymerization and also to develop an approach for detecting the earliest forms of soluble fibrin by sandwich ELISA. Using hybridoma technology we оbtained mAb 1-5A to the αC-region of fibrinogen.. It was characterized using several variations of ELISA and Western blot. Application of specific proteases together with MALDI-TOF analysis allowed us to localize its epitope that is located in fragment 537-595 of the Aα-chain of fibrin(ogen). МAb 1-5A can be used as a detecting tag-antibody in sandwich ELISA for the quantification of the earliest forms of soluble fibrin which are uncleaved by plasmin and preserved C-terminal portions of αC-regions. These earliest forms of soluble fibrin are direct evidence of blood coagulation system activation, thrombin generation and the danger of intravascular thrombus formation. Their determination will provide additional, more accurate information about the state of the blood coagulation system and the risk of blood clotting, which is very important for the timely and correct selection of adequate antithrombotic therapy. MAb 1-5A effectively binds the αC-containing molecules of fibrinogen and fibrin in blood plasma. It also can be used for studying protein-protein and protein-cellular interactions of the αC-regions of fibrin(ogen)

Метахронное развитие рака молочной железы и рака предстательной железы (клинический случай)

The formation of primary multiple malignant neoplasms, such as breast cancer and prostate cancer, in one patient is a rather rare combination. Treatment and diagnostic strategies in such cases require a multidisciplinary approach. Currently, there are no approved recommendations for the management of patients with a combination of these diseases. This manuscript presents a clinical case of diagnosis and treatment of breast and prostate cancer in one patient.Одновременное развитие первично множественных злокачественных новообразований, таких как рак молочной железы и рак предстательной железы, у одного пациента является редким случаем. Лечебно-диагностическая тактика в подобных ситуациях требует мультидисциплинарного подхода. В настоящий момент утвержденных рекомендаций по ведению пациентов с комбинацией этих заболеваний нет. В данной работе представлен клинический случай диагностики и лечения рака молочной железы и рака предстательной железы у одного пациента