15 research outputs found
Orbital Magnetism and Current Distribution of Two-Dimensional Electrons under Confining Potential
The spatial distribution of electric current under magnetic field and the
resultant orbital magnetism have been studied for two-dimensional electrons
under a harmonic confining potential V(\vecvar{r})=m \omega_0^2 r^2/2 in
various regimes of temperature and magnetic field, and the microscopic
conditions for the validity of Landau diamagnetism are clarified. Under a weak
magnetic field (\omega_c\lsim\omega_0, \omega_c being a cyclotron frequency)
and at low temperature (T\lsim\hbar\omega_0), where the orbital magnetic
moment fluctuates as a function of the field, the currents are irregularly
distributed paramagnetically or diamagnetically inside the bulk region. As the
temperature is raised under such a weak field, however, the currents in the
bulk region are immediately reduced and finally there only remains the
diamagnetic current flowing along the edge. At the same time, the usual Landau
diamagnetism results for the total magnetic moment. The origin of this dramatic
temperature dependence is seen to be in the multiple reflection of electron
waves by the boundary confining potential, which becomes important once the
coherence length of electrons gets longer than the system length. Under a
stronger field (\omega_c\gsim\omega_0), on the other hand, the currents in
the bulk region cause de Haas-van Alphen effect at low temperature as
T\lsim\hbar\omega_c. As the temperature gets higher (T\gsim\hbar\omega_c)
under such a strong field, the bulk currents are reduced and the Landau
diamagnetism by the edge current is recovered.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figure
Phosphatidylserine Increases IKBKAP Levels in Familial Dysautonomia Cells
Familial Dysautonomia (FD) is an autosomal recessive congenital neuropathy that results from abnormal development and progressive degeneration of the sensory and autonomic nervous system. The mutation observed in almost all FD patients is a point mutation at position 6 of intron 20 of the IKBKAP gene; this gene encodes the IÎșB kinase complex-associated protein (IKAP). The mutation results in a tissue-specific splicing defect: Exon 20 is skipped, leading to reduced IKAP protein expression. Here we show that phosphatidylserine (PS), an FDA-approved food supplement, increased IKAP mRNA levels in cells derived from FD patients. Long-term treatment with PS led to a significant increase in IKAP protein levels in these cells. A conjugate of PS and an omega-3 fatty acid also increased IKAP mRNA levels. Furthermore, PS treatment released FD cells from cell cycle arrest and up-regulated a significant number of genes involved in cell cycle regulation. Our results suggest that PS has potential for use as a therapeutic agent for FD. Understanding its mechanism of action may reveal the mechanism underlying the FD disease
Progress for research of grape and wine culture in Georgia, the South Caucasus
This communication will provide the latest information about the progress of the âResearch Project for the Study of Georgian Grapes and Wine Cultureâ, managed by the National Wine Agency of Georgia since 2014. Local and foreign institutions continue to work together with the aim of stimulating multidisciplinary scientific research activity on Georgian viticulture and viniculture and to reconstruct their development from Neolithic civilizations to the present. The project is multidisciplinary in nature, merging contributions from archaeology, history, ethnography, molecular genetics, biomolecular archaeology, palaeobotany, ampelography, enology, climatology and other scientific fields
Progress for research of grape and wine culture in Georgia, the South Caucasus
This communication will provide the latest information about the progress of the âResearch Project for the Study of Georgian Grapes and Wine Cultureâ, managed by the National Wine Agency of Georgia since 2014. Local and foreign institutions continue to work together with the aim of stimulating multidisciplinary scientific research activity on Georgian viticulture and viniculture and to reconstruct their development from Neolithic civilizations to the present. The project is multidisciplinary in nature, merging contributions from archaeology, history, ethnography, molecular genetics, biomolecular archaeology, palaeobotany, ampelography, enology, climatology and other scientific fields