The role of occupational safety management at enterprises and the factors contributing to its unsatisfactory condition

The relevance of the researched problem lies in the fact that today industrial injuries and accidents at workplace are a fairly common problem. Since lives and health of employees, as well as production process efficiency, depend on ensuring workplace safety, occupational safety management becomes an important and integral component of industrial health and safety. The management of enterprises should be guided by the principle of life and health of employees being the most important value. There are certain methods of occupational safety management, such as economic, organisational, administrative-legal and social-psychological, which enable to create safe conditions at workplace. With their help, safe working conditions can be significantly improved and therefore efficiency of production process can be increased. In this regard, this article is aimed at defining the concept of occupational safety as an essential element of industrial health and safety. It also taps into the main components that make up an integrated occupational safety system and methods of occupational safety management, which must be taken into account by the management of an enterprise, institution, organisation and the government, the latter also controlling implementation of legislative regulations at workplace, as the economic situation in the country depends to a large extent on the level of production processes functionality. In addition, analysis of existing international standards in the labour protection field has been carried out, their features and scope of application have been considered. On the basis of the revealed data, specific recommendations have been developed, namely, advancement of prosocial behavior, technical upgrade, conduct of briefings and trainings aimed at increasing occupational safety. The research was carried out on the basis of general scientific and special methods of cognition, such as analogy, factor analysis, comparison, structural analysis, expert assessments and opinions, analysis of the causes of industrial injuries and various industrial diseases. The authors investigated the evolution of management and administration in labor protection and industrial safety, their interconnection and interdependence. The result of this scientific work is an understanding of the importance of compliance with safety rules at workplaces, of negative consequences that may arise from non-compliance with legislative regulations and international standards developed by the international community regarding occupational safety. A variety of management methods that can be used during set up of production process, as well as development of recommendations that will help to improve the current situation in labour safety, ensuring protection of labour rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of employees, enacted in most countries by Constitution, have been discussed. Having analysed the fact that currently the state of guaranteeing safe working conditions for employees is in a critical situation, industrial injuries and accidents at enterprises have become widespread. We can come to a conclusion that it is necessary to legislate this situation, to strengthen the legal responsibility of management and employees for non-compliance with safety rules during production proces

Research of influence ultraviolet radiation on the workers during manual arc welding

У статті наведено результати дослідження інтегральних характеристик ультрафіолетового випромінювання під час ручного дугового зварювання штучними плавкими електродами. Встановлено залежності інтенсивності випромінювання від відстані до місця зварювання і від величини зварювального струму. Визначено безпечні відстані для допоміжного персоналу залежно від часу дії відповідно до стандартів безпеки, які діють в Україні і країнах ЄС.The results of the study integral characteristics of ultraviolet radiation during manual arc welding electrodes by artificial melting of different brands and types of coatings. The dependences of the radiation intensity on the safety distance from the welding arc and the welding current. Present hygienic assessment of safety distances for support staff, depending on the time of action in accordance with the safety standards in force in Ukraine and the EU.В статье приведены результаты исследований интегральных характеристик ультрафиолетового излучения при ручной дуговой сварке штучными плавящимися электродам. Установлены зависимости интенсивности излучения от расстояния до места сварки и от величины сварочного тока. Определены безопасные расстояния для вспомогательного персонала, в зависимости от времени воздействия излучения в соответствии со стандартами безопасности, действующими в Украине и странах ЕС