Cost management in technological processes taking into account the implementation of the resource saving policy

The most important factor in maintaining the positions of Russian oil companies at the global level is taking into account the factors of changes in the external environment and the activation of internal reserves. The development of effective management decision support systems requires new management concepts based on current advances in production management theory and practice. The article proposes an approach based on determining the optimal combination of resources used in the production process and assessing their impact on the formation of production costs. The concept of cost management is based on an analysis, included the specifics of the enterprise’s internal environment and an assessment of the external environment impact on it. A cost management methodology has been developed to reduce the labour intensity of decision-making and the likelihood of technical selection errors, and to increase the efficiency of resource use and cost management. The proposed approach to cost management model formation has been recommended for using at oil industry enterprises. It can also be applied to enterprises in other industries by developing key performance indicators that affect the main cost items of the technological process under consideration

BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISM OF AUTOLYTIC PROCESSES OF MUSCULAR TISSUE OF FISHES

The conducted researches allowed to establish that intensive disintegration of a muscular glycogen leads to sharp decrease in size рН muscular tissue in the sour party that in turn affects a chemical composition and physic-colloidal structure of proteins therefore: resistance of meat of fish to action of putrefactive microorganisms increases; solubility of muscle proteins, level of their hydration which is water connecting abilities decreases; there is a swelling of collagen of connecting fabric; activity of the cathepsin (an optimum рН 5,3) causing hydrolysis of proteins at later stages of an autolysis increases; the bicarbonate system of muscular tissue with release of carbon dioxide collapses; predecessors of taste and aroma of meat are formed; process of oxidation of lipids becomes more active. As a result of accumulation dairy, phosphoric and other acids in meat of fish concentration of hydrogen ions of that decrease рН is result increases. Sharply shown sour environment and availability of inorganic phosphorus is considered the reason of disintegration of an actin-myosin complex on actin and a myosin which begins after 8 hours of storage, i.e. there comes the period of relaxation of muscle fibers and the period of permission of an numbness, and then the last stage of maturing of meat – deep autolysis. Thus, on the basis of classical ideas of biochemical changes of meat of land animals and summarizing the obtained data on posthumous changes in muscular tissue of fishes, it is possible to draw a conclusion that they have similar nature of regularity in comparison with muscular tissue of land animals, but their main difference is higher speed of course of autolytic transformations. It in turn leads to faster change of FTS of meat of fishes who are the defining indicators when developing assortment groups of products taking into account stages of an autolysis in meat

Systemic vasculitides: сlinical cases

Systemic vasculitides (SV) are a group of diseases characterized by vessel wall inflammation that leads to ischemic changes in the organs and tissues, which the respective vessels supply blood to; the spectrum of the clinical manifestations of SV depends on the type, size, location of the affected vessels, and on the activity of systemic inflammation. The etiology of the majority of primary vasculitides is unknown. It is assumed that many microorganisms may initiate inflammation of vessels of various sizes, but only some forms of SV (and in some patients) can be clearly related to certain causative and/or trigger factors (drug hypersensitivity, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, etc.). The paper gives clinical examples of the timely diagnosis and treatment of 2 SV cases in young men working on the railway of the town of Ruzaevka

Genetic polymorphisms associated with the development of arrhythmic type of cardiovascular events

The review analyzes the global agenda on mutational status of genes associated with adverse cardiovascular events of arrhythmic type. Whole exome sequencing will identify a risk group for the likelihood of early or delayed cardiovascular events of arrhythmic type, especially among patients receiving anticancer therapy with cardiotoxic drugs. The dedicated up-to-date panel of genetic polymorphisms will provide an opportunity to optimize management of patients, based on not only clinical, paraclinical and anamnestic data

Taxonomic and nutrient controls on phytoplankton iron quotas in the ocean

Phytoplankton iron contents (i.e., quotas) directly link biogeochemical cycles of iron and carbon and drive patterns of nutrient limitation, recycling, and export. Ocean biogeochemical models typically assume that iron quotas are either static or controlled by dissolved iron availability. We measured iron quotas in phytoplankton communities across nutrient gradients in the Pacific Ocean and found that quotas diverged significantly in taxon-specific ways from laboratory-derived predictions. Iron quotas varied 40-fold across nutrient gradients, and nitrogen-limitation allowed diatoms to accumulate fivefold more iron than co-occurring flagellates even under low iron availability. Modeling indicates such “luxury” uptake is common in large regions of the low-iron Pacific Ocean. Among diatoms, both pennate and centric genera accumulated luxury iron, but the cosmopolitan pennate genus Pseudo-nitzschia maintained iron quotas 10-fold higher than co-occurring centric diatoms, likely due to enhanced iron storage. Biogeochemical models should account for taxonomic and macronutrient controls on phytoplankton iron quotas

НОВАЯ КУЛЬТУРА ДЛЯ САЛАТНЫХ ЛИНИЙ – РЕПА ЛИСТОВАЯ

The collaborative work on growing of leafy turnip in condition of salad production line was conducted in ООО PKF «AGROTIP». The possibility of obtaining of ecologically safety salad turnip of cv. Selekta, Sapfir, and Biryuza at hydroponic system are shown. Data of yield, productivity, and content of ascorbic acid in green leaf of turnip growing in condition of flow hydroponic system are presented. The possibilities of using of tested turnip varieties in modern agrotechnological systems are discussed.Проведены совместные исследования по выращиванию репы листовой в условиях «салатныхкомплексов» на экспериментальной базе ООО «ПКФ «АГРОТИП». Показаны возможности получения экологически безопасной салатной зелени репы листовой новых сортов Селекта, Сапфир и Бирюза на проточной гидропонике. В данных условиях растения репы за 26 суток достигали массы от 88 до 182 г, в то время как у салата это происходит за 32 суток. Наиболее быстрыми темпами роста отличались сорта Селекта и Бирюза. Оценка биохимического состава салатной зелени репы показала, что в проточной культуре содержание аскорбиновой кислоты несколько ниже по сравнению с традиционной технологией, что, однако, не снижает ценности полученной продукции, которая при этом характеризуется очень низким накоплением нитратов. Таким образом, в зимнее время за один месяц при досвечивании на линии проточной гидропоники получена экологически чистая (низкое накопление нитратов) салатная зелень листовой репы сортов Сапфир, Бирюза и Селекта, что говорит о новых возможностях использования сортов ФГБНУ ВНИИССОК в современных агротехнологиях

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Implementation of Innovative Projects in the Steel Plant

The article Describes the essence and methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of innovative projects. The results of this work are proposals to amend the legislation of the Russian Federation related to innovation policy.Описываются суть и методы оценки эффективности внедрения инновационных проектов. Результаты данной работы – предложения по внесению изменений в законодательство РФ, связанные с инновационной политикой

Исследование стереоспецифичности нейропротекторного действия дипептидного миметика мозгового нейротрофического фактора ГСБ-106 на модели оксидативного стресса в культуре гиппокампальных клеток линии НТ-22

In the present work, the neuroprotective effect stereospecificity of dimeric dipeptide mimetic of the 4th loop of BDNF-GSB-106 is studied. Activity of its diastereomers GT-106DL (hexamethylenediamide bis-monosuccinyl-D-seryl-L-lysine) and GT-106LD (hexamethylenediamide bis-monosuccinyl-L-seryl-D-lysine) in hippocampal HT-22 cells under conditions of oxidative stress is for this purpose studied. Both diastereomers were inactive. Thus, the obtained data indicate dependence of effect on the configuration of amino acid residues in the structure of GSB-106.Исследована стереоспецифичность нейропротекторнного действия димерного дипептидного миметика 4-й петли BDNF -ГСБ-106. Для этого изучена активность его диастереомеров ГТ-106DL (гексаметилендиамид бис-моносукцинил-D-серил-L-лизина) и ГТ-106LD (гексаметилендиамид бисмоносукцинил-L-серил-D-лизина) на гиппокампальных клетках линии HT-22 в условиях оксидативного стресса. Оба диастереомера были не активны. Таким образом, полученные данные свидетельствуют о зависимости эффекта от конфигурации аминокислотных остатков в структуре ГСБ-106

Quality of colonoscopy in an emerging country: A prospective, multicentre study in Russia

Background: The quality of colonoscopy has been related to a higher risk of interval cancer, and this issue has been addressed extensively in developed countries. The aim of our study was to explore the main quality indicators of colonoscopy in a large emerging country. Methods: Consecutive patients referred for colonoscopy in 14 centres were prospectively included between July and October 2014. Before colonoscopy, several clinical and demographic variables were collected. Main quality indicators (i.e. caecal intubation rate, (advanced) adenoma detection rate, rate of adequate cleansing and sedation) were collected. Data were analysed at per patient and per centre level (only for those with at least 100 cases). Factors associated with caecal intubation rate and adenoma detection rate were explored at multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 8829 (males: 35%; mean age: 57 + 14 years) patients were included, with 11 centres enrolling at least 100 patients. Screening (including non-alarm symptoms) accounted for 59% (5188/8829) of the indications. Sedation and split preparation were used in 26% (2294/8829) and 25% (2187/8829) of the patients. Caecal intubation was achieved in 7616 patients (86%), and it was ≥85% in 8/11 (73%) centres. Adenoma detection rate was 18% (1550/8829), and it was higher than 20% in five (45%) centres, whilst it was lower than 10% in four (33%) centres. At multivariate analysis, age (OR: 1.020, 95% CI: 1.015–1.024), male sex (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1–1.3), alarm symptoms (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.7–2), split preparation (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2–1.6), caecal intubation rate (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3–1.9) and withdrawal time measurement (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.6–2.1) were predictors of a higher adenoma detection rate, while adequate preparation (OR: 3.4: 95% CI: 2.9–3.9) and sedation (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1–1.6) were the strongest predictors of caecal intubation rate. Conclusions: According to our study, there is a substantial intercentre variability in the main quality indicators. Overall, the caecal intubation rate appears to be acceptable in most centres, whilst the overall level of adenoma detection appears low, with less than half of the centres being higher than 20%. Educational and quality assurance programs, including higher rates of sedation and split regimen of preparation, may be necessary to increase the key quality indicators

Системные васкулиты: наблюдения из практики

Systemic vasculitides (SV) are a group of diseases characterized by vessel wall inflammation that leads to ischemic changes in the organs and tissues, which the respective vessels supply blood to; the spectrum of the clinical manifestations of SV depends on the type, size, location of the affected vessels, and on the activity of systemic inflammation. The etiology of the majority of primary vasculitides is unknown. It is assumed that many microorganisms may initiate inflammation of vessels of various sizes, but only some forms of SV (and in some patients) can be clearly related to certain causative and/or trigger factors (drug hypersensitivity, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, etc.). The paper gives clinical examples of the timely diagnosis and treatment of 2 SV cases in young men working on the railway of the town of Ruzaevka.Системные васкулиты (СВ) – группа заболеваний, характеризующихся воспалением сосудистой стенки, приводящим к ишемиче-ким изменениям органов и тканей, кровоснабжающихся соответствующими сосудами; спектр клинических проявлений СВ зависит от типа, размера, локализации пораженных сосудов и активности системного воспаления. Этиология большинства первичных васкулитов неизвестна. Предполагается, что многие микроорганизмы могут инициировать развитие воспаления сосудов различного калибра, но только некоторые формы СВ (и у отдельных больных) удается четко связать с определенными причинными и/или триггерными факторами (лекарственная гиперчувствительность, вирусы гепатита В, С и др.). Представлены клинические примеры своевременной диагностики и лечения 2 случаев СВ у мужчин молодого возраста, работающих на железной дороге г. Рузаевка