Morphology of tense in english: view from cognitive linguistics

This paper is an attempt to address morphological category of tense in english in the cognitive perspective by means of showing mechanisms of interaction between the conceptual and linguistic units. The authors demonstrate how semantic changes originate in the conceptual processes exploiting the morphological tense forms to objectivize and represent a broad spectrum of lexico-grammatical categorical senses in the process of communicatio

Morphology of number in English: a cognitive perspective

In this paper the authors address morphology of English number in the cognitive perspective by showing how semantic changes originate in conceptual processes that exploit morphological forms of number to express a vast range of lexico-grammatical senses in the process of communicatio

ALGORITHMS FOR ADJUSTMENT OF SYMMETRY AXIS FOUND FOR 2D SHAPES BY THE SKELETON COMPARISON METHOD

Reflection symmetry detection for 2D shapes is a well-known task in Computer Vision, but there is a limited number of efficient and effective methods for its solution. Our previously proposed approach based on pair-wise comparison of sub-sequences of skeleton primitives finds the axis of symmetry within few seconds. In order to evaluate the value of symmetry relative to the found axis we use the Jaccard similarity measure. It is applied to the pixels subsets of a shape which are split by the axis. Often an axis found by the skeleton comparison method diverges more or less from the ground-truth axis found by the method of exhaustive search among all the potential candidates. That is why the algorithms that allow adjusting the axis found by the fast skeleton method are proposed. They are based on the idea of searching the axis which is located near the seed skeleton axis and has greater Jaccard similarity measure. The experimental study on the ”Flavia” and ”Butterflies” datasets shows that proposed algorithms find the ground-truth axis (or the axis which has slightly less Jaccard similarity value than the ground-truth axis) in near real time. It is considerably faster than any of the optimized brute-force methods

Artistic creativity of martiros saryan as the indicator of national self-identification of the personality in a multicultural space: features of methodology of a retrospective research

In this article, the life and works of the famous Armenian artist, founder of the modern Armenian school of painting Martiros Saryan (1880-1972) are analyzed in the context of the influence of Russian and Armenian culture during the Russian period of his activity. In this retrospective analysis of the life and works of the artist, it is proposed to use the new indicator, which is Russian or the Middle East countries place names being included in the titles of works by the artist. On the basis of the analysis of Russian archival sources and the analytical research of content, it is established that, in Russia, the interest of the artist during the first period of his life and study was mainly on subjects reflecting the life of the Armenian diaspora in the south of Russia. Landscapes were mainly represented against the background in which the artist spent his childhood. During the time which he spent in Moscow, interest in Russian culture was connected with the recognition of the contribution of teachers of the School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture in the development of the Russian art school and world culture. Saryan has shown the aspiration to seize this particular technic of painting, at the same time he had the original vision of the world. Keywords: methodology, personality, geographical indicators, Martiros Saryan, culture,regional archiv

Влияние стоимости нематериальных активов на капитализацию продуктовых ритейлеров в целях их устойчивого роста

The objective of the research in the article is the food retail companies that occupy leading positions in the Russian and foreign markets. The subject of the study is financial and economic relations in the field of the use of intangible assets (IA) as a significant factor in increasing the capitalization of food retailers and their sustainable development. The relevance of the problem is due, on the one hand, to the significant contribution of trade to the country’s GDP, on the other hand, to the need to find new drivers for the sustainable development of food retailers in the context of overcoming the negative consequences of the pandemic and the digital economy. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the value of intangible assets on the capitalization of food retailers. The authors applied the methods of comparative analysis, calculation of financial and economic indicators, correlation, and regression analysis of statistical data processing. The authors used Student’s t-test and Fisher’s f-test to confirm the quality of the constructed model. The study shows that Russian food retailers, as compared to foreign ones, occupy a smaller market share in the domestic economy and have a smaller share of intangible assets in the non-current assets of companies (except for X5 Retail Group). On the Russian food market, a trend has been revealed towards an increase in the production of goods under private labels and a decrease in the presence of foreign retailers, as well as an increase in the share of online trading that requires the use of intellectual property, including digital intangible assets, and leads to an increase in cash flows. Based on multivariate correlation analysis, it was found that the capitalization of trading companies in the food sector is most affected by the value of intangible assets and return on them. The constructed model of linear two-factor regression allows the authors to conclude that with an increase in the value of intangible assets by 1%, the market capitalization of a company increases by 10% with a constant return on assets. The article provides recommendations for Russian food retailers on the formation and use of a portfolio of intangible assets for value-based business management, which will contribute to their sustainable development.Объектом исследования выступают компании продуктовой розничной торговли, которые занимают лидирующие позиции на российских и зарубежных рынках. Предметом исследования являются финансово-экономические отношения в области использования нематериальных активов (НМА) как значимого фактора увеличения капитализации продуктовых ритейлеров и их устойчивого роста. Актуальность проблематики обусловлена, с одной стороны, существенным вкладом торговли в ВВП страны, с другой — необходимостью поиска новых драйверов устойчивого развития продуктовых ритейлеров в условиях преодоления негативных последствий пандемии и цифровизации экономики. Цель исследования заключается в оценке влияния стоимости нематериальных активов на капитализацию продуктовых ритейлеров. Использованы методы сравнительного анализа, расчета финансово-экономических показателей, корреляционно-регрессионного анализа статистической обработки данных. Для подтверждения качества построенной модели использована t-статистика Стьюдента и F-критерий Фишера. Показано, что российские продуктовые ритейлеры по сравнению с зарубежными занимают меньшую долю рынка в отечественной экономике и имеют более низкую долю НМА в составе внеоборотных активов компаний (за исключением компании Х5 Retail Group). Выявлена тенденция на российском продуктовом рынке к росту производства товаров собственных торговых марок и сокращению присутствия иностранных ритейлеров, а также к увеличению доли торговли в онлайн-формате, что требует использования объектов интеллектуальной собственности, в том числе цифровых нематериальных активов, и приводит к росту денежных потоков. На основе многофакторного корреляционного анализа установлено, что на капитализацию торговых компаний продовольственного сектора наибольшее влияние оказывает стоимость нематериальных активов и их рентабельность. Построенная модель линейной двухфакторной регрессии позволяет сделать вывод, что с увеличением стоимости нематериальных активов на 1% рыночная капитализация компании возрастает на 10% при неизменной рентабельности активов. Приведены рекомендации для российских продуктовых ритейлеров по формированию и использованию портфеля нематериальных активов для стоимостно ориентированного управления бизнесом, что будет способствовать их устойчивому развитию

Концептуальная модель оценки стоимости цифровых интеллектуальных активов

The object of the study is the valuation and commercialization of digital intellectual assets. The subject of the study is a conceptual model for assessing the value of digital intellectual assets, reflecting the regulatory framework, objects, subjects, principles, approaches and methods of evaluation involved in civil turnover. The relevance of the study is related to the development of the digital economy and emerging new types of digital assets, including digital intellectual assets, which require their identification and the formation of a theoretical and methodological basis for valuation. The purpose of the study is to build a conceptual model for estimating the value of digital intellectual assets for subsequent commercialization with consideration of the identified identification characteristics, substantiated principles, factors, approaches and methodological tools. The methods of comparative analysis, generalization, classification, logical, semantic and functional modeling, cost estimation are used in the paper. The trends of digitalization of the economy are analyzed, the identification features of digital intellectual assets are determined based on the study of the concepts of “digital asset”, “intellectual asset”, “object of valuation”. A semantic model of the valuation of digital intellectual assets is proposed, illustrating the relationship of its conceptual elements. A process-functional model for estimating the value of digital intellectual assets in IDEF0 notation is constructed. It is concluded that digital intellectual assets as objects of valuation in the conditions of the current regulatory regulation are: 1) the results of intellectual activity created with the use of digital technologies, for which digital rights are fixed in the information system in the form of NFT tokens; 2) digital rights to use intellectual property objects that exist in digital or other forms. Their cost can be determined by the method of analogues, the method of discounted cash flows or the cost of creation method, depending on the purpose of the assessment, the identified factors and taking into account the principles of evaluation.Объектом исследования выступают цифровые интеллектуальные активы для целей стоимостной оценки и коммерциализации. Предметом исследования является концептуальная модель оценки стоимости цифровых интеллектуальных активов, отражающая нормативно-правовую базу, объекты, субъекты, принципы, подходы и методы оценки в целях вовлечения в гражданский оборот. Актуальность исследования связана с развитием цифровой экономики и возникающими новыми видами цифровых активов, в том числе цифровых интеллектуальных активов, что требует их идентификации и  формирования теоретико-методологического базиса стоимостной оценки. Цель исследования заключается в  построении концептуальной модели оценки стоимости цифровых интеллектуальных активов для последующей коммерциализации с  учетом выявленных идентификационных характеристик, обоснованных принципов, факторов, подходов и методического инструментария. Использованы методы сравнительного анализа, обобщения, классификации, логического, семантического и функционального моделирования, стоимостной оценки. Проанализированы тенденции цифровизации экономики, определены идентификационные признаки цифровых интеллектуальных активов на основе изучения понятий «цифровой актив», «интеллектуальный актив», «объект стоимостной оценки». Предложена семантическая модель оценки стоимости цифровых интеллектуальных активов, иллюстрирующая взаимосвязь ее концептуальных элементов. Построена процессно-функциональная модель оценки стоимости цифровых интеллектуальных активов в нотации IDEF0. Сделан вывод о том, что цифровые интеллектуальные активы как объекты стоимостной оценки в условиях действующего нормативно-правового регулирования представляют собой: 1) результаты интеллектуальной деятельности, созданные с применением цифровых технологий, на которые зафиксированы цифровые права в информационной системе в форме NFT-токенов; 2) цифровые права на использование объектов интеллектуальной собственности, существующих в цифровой или иной форме. Их стоимость может определяться методом аналогов, методом дисконтированных денежных потоков или методом стоимости создания в зависимости от цели оценки, выявленных факторов и с учетом принципов оценки

Effects of etifoxine: Chemoreactome simulation

Etifoxine modulates GABAergic transmission and is used as an anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) medication. The indications for etifoxine use are anxiety, fear and inner tension.Objective: to simulate the biological properties of etifoxine. This simulation has been carried out for the first time.Material and methods. Reliable estimates of more than 2,500 biological activities were obtained for this molecule, which were compared with the reference drug lorazepam (benzodiazepine).Results and discussion. The data obtained from chemoreactome simulation may suggest that there are significant differences between the pharmacological effects of etifoxine and benzodiazepine in: 1) the selectivity of binding to various neurotransmitter receptors; 2) anti-inflammatory activity; 3) the effect on hemodynamics and vascular walls; 4) negative side effects and 5) pharmacokinetic parameters.Conclusion. The findings are consistent with the available experimental and clinical data and are indicative of promising clinical applications of etifoxine

Characterisation of new animal cell cultures’ sensitivity to <i>Coxsackievirus B5</i> and <i>Herpes simplex virus‑1</i>

The increase in the number of cell cultures for virology and biotechnology enhances the chances of a successful response to threats related to outbreaks of well-known and new human infectious diseases. It is a vital task to search for cell cultures sensitive to a wide spectrum of viruses.The aim of the study was to investigate the sensitivity of new diploid animal cell cultures (fibroblasts of a foetal pig’s kidneys and larynx) to Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) and Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1).Materials and methods. The cultures of porcine foetal kidney fibroblasts (PFKF) and porcine foetal larynx fibroblasts (PFLF) were derived from a foetus of a healthy pig by mild trypsinisation. The study determined the sensitivity of these new PFKF and PFLF cultures to the above-mentioned viruses by the cytopathic effect (CPE) expressed as a percentage. The infectious activity of CVB5 was studied using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the determination of amplification cycle threshold values (Ct); that of HSV-1 was studied using quantitative titration of the virus-containing liquid (VCL). Infectious activity values were expressed as tissue culture 50% infective doses (TCID50).Results. The authors developed diploid PFKF and PFLF cell cultures. PFKF cells demonstrated high sensitivity to CVB5, with a CPE of 87.5±3.3% after passage 3 and a satisfactory concentration of enterovirus RNA in the VCL of 22–24 Ct . The sensitivity of PFKF cells to HSV-1 corresponded to a CPE of 92.1±5.5%. In these cells, the infectious activity of HSV-1 corresponded to 104.25 TCID50/0.2 mL. The experiments with PFLF cells showed low CPE and infectious activity values for both viruses.Conclusions. The study demonstrated high CPE values with the CVB5 (CB5-8100) and HSV-1 (HSV-1/L-2) strains as examples and confirmed the sensitivity of the new diploid PFKF cell culture to these test viruses. Thus, the PFKF cell culture offers potential applications in virology and biotechnology and may be a candidate for testing other strains of CVB5 and HSV-1

Комбинированная оральная контрацепция и лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19): вопросы взаимодействия лекарственных средств

Combined oral contraception and treatment of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19): issues of drug interaction This article examines the interaction of combined oral contraceptives with drugs recommended in the treatment of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic levels, with an assessment of the effectiveness and safety of therapy for the female body.В данной статье рассматривается вопрос взаимодействия комбинированных оральных контрацептивов с ЛС, рекомендованными в лечении новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) на фармадинамическом и фармакокинетическом уровнях с оценкой степени эффективности и безопасности терапии для женского организма.