104 research outputs found
A Macrolevel Examination of County-Level Risk Factors for Underage Drinking Prevention: Intervention Opportunities to Protect Youth in the State of Georgia
Introduction: Underage drinking can have profoundly negative impacts on childhood development. This study compares 4 categories of known underage drinking risk factors with alcohol consumption. The social indicators in these categories will be compared in the 10 most-at-risk (MAR) counties and the 10 least-at-risk (LAR) counties identified in Georgia.
Methods: Independent 2-tailed t-tests were conducted to compare group means among MAR and LAR counties for all identified risk factors.
Results: Significant differences were observed in all factors included in the poverty and alcohol outlet density categories.
Discussion. The findings underscore the importance of better understanding youth drinking, poverty, and alcohol outlet density. However, our findings, supported by previous individual and aggregated level research, support strategies for researchers and policy makers to more proactively respond to poverty-stricken and high-density alcohol outlet indicators. The current ecological evaluation of underage drinking risk assessed on a macrolevel offers insights into the demographic features, social structures, and cultural patterns of counties that potentially predispose youth to greater health risks specifically associated with underage drinking
Nonequilibrium orbital magnetization of strongly localized electrons
The magnetic response of strongly localized electrons to a time-dependent
vector potential is considered. The orbital magnetic moment of the system, away
from steady-state conditions, is obtained. The expression involves the
tunneling and phonon-assisted hopping currents between localized states. The
frequency and temperature dependence of the orbital magnetization is analyzed
as function of the admittances connecting localized levels. It is shown that
quantum interference of the localized wave functions contributes to the moment
a term which follows adiabatically the time-dependent perturbation.Comment: RevTeX 3.
Non-Equilibrium Magnetization in a Ballistic Quantum Dot
We show that Aharonov-Bohm (AB) oscillations in the magnetic moment of an
integrable ballistic quantum dot can be destroyed by a time dependent magnetic
flux. The effect is due to a nonequilibrium population of perfectly coherent
electronic states. For real ballistic systems the equilibrization process,
which involves a special type of inelastic electron backscattering, can be so
ineffective, that AB oscillations are suppressed when the flux varies with
frequency 10-10 s. The effect can be used to
measure relaxation times for inelastic backscattering.Comment: 11 pages LaTeX v3.14 with RevTeX v3.0, 3 post script figures
available on request, APR 93-X2
Relationship between treatment delay and final infarct size in STEMI patients treated with abciximab and primary PCI
Background Studies on the impact of time to treatment on myocardial infarct size have yielded conflicting results. In this study of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), we set out to investigate the relationship between the time from First Medical Contact (FMC) to the demonstration of an open infarct related artery (IRA) and final scar size. Between February 2006 and September 2007, 89 STEMI patients treated with primary PCI were studied with contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (ceMRI) 4 to 8 weeks after the infarction. Spearman correlation was computed for health care delay time (defined as time from FMC to PCI) and myocardial injury. Multiple linear regression was used to determine covariates independently associated with infarct size. Results An occluded artery (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction, TIMI flow 0-1 at initial angiogram) was seen in 56 patients (63%). The median FMC-to-patent artery was 89 minutes. There was a weak correlation between time from FMC-to-patent IRA and infarct size, r = 0.27, p = 0.01. In multiple regression analyses, LAD as the IRA, smoking and an occluded vessel at the first angiogram, but not delay time, correlated with infarct size. Conclusions In patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI we found a weak correlation between health care delay time and infarct size. Other factors like anterior infarction, a patent artery pre-PCI and effects of reperfusion injury may have had greater influence on infarct size than time-to-treatment per se
Regulation of human endometrial function: mechanisms relevant to uterine bleeding
This review focuses on the complex events that occur in the endometrium after progesterone is withdrawn (or blocked) and menstrual bleeding ensues. A detailed understanding of these local mechanisms will enhance our knowledge of disturbed endometrial/uterine function – including problems with excessively heavy menstrual bleeding, endometriosis and breakthrough bleeding with progestin only contraception. The development of novel strategies to manage these clinically significant problems depends on such new understanding as does the development of new contraceptives which avoid the endometrial side effect of breakthrough bleeding
Computed tomography coronary angiography in patients with acute myocardial infarction and normal invasive coronary angiography
A Macrolevel Examination of County-Level Risk Factors for Underage Drinking Prevention: Intervention Opportunities to Protect Youth in the State of Georgia
Introduction. Underage drinking can have profoundly negative impacts on childhood development. This study compares 4 categories of known underage drinking risk factors with alcohol consumption. The social indicators in these categories will be compared in the 10 most-at-risk (MAR) counties and the 10 least-at-risk (LAR) counties identified in Georgia. Methods. Independent 2-tailed t-tests were conducted to compare group means among MAR and LAR counties for all identified risk factors. Results. Significant differences were observed in all factors included in the poverty and alcohol outlet density categories. Discussion. The findings underscore the importance of better understanding youth drinking, poverty, and alcohol outlet density. However, our findings, supported by previous individual and aggregated level research, support strategies for researchers and policy makers to more proactively respond to poverty-stricken and high-density alcohol outlet indicators. The current ecological evaluation of underage drinking risk assessed on a macrolevel offers insights into the demographic features, social structures, and cultural patterns of counties that potentially predispose youth to greater health risks specifically associated with underage drinking
Risky behaviors of youth living in the slums of Kampala: a closer examination of youth participating in vocational training programs
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