28 research outputs found
Land-use type temporarily affects active pond community structure but not gene expression patterns
Changes in land use and agricultural intensification threaten biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of small water bodies. We studied 67 kettle holes (KH) in an agricultural landscape in northeastern Germany using landscape-scale metatranscriptomics to understand the responses of active bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic communities to land-use type. These KH are proxies of the millions of small standing water bodies of glacial origin spread across the northern hemisphere. Like other landscapes in Europe, the study area has been used for intensive agriculture since the 1950s. In contrast to a parallel environmental DNA study that suggests the homogenization of biodiversity across KH, conceivably resulting from long-lasting intensive agriculture, land-use type affected the structure of the active KH communities during spring crop fertilization, but not a month later. This effect was more pronounced for eukaryotes than for bacteria. In contrast, gene expression patterns did not differ between months or across land-use types, suggesting a high degree of functional redundancy across the KH communities. Variability in gene expression was best explained by active bacterial and eukaryotic community structures, suggesting that these changes in functioning are primarily driven by interactions between organisms. Our results indicate that influences of the surrounding landscape result in temporary changes in the activity of different community members. Thus, even in KH where biodiversity has been homogenized, communities continue to respond to land management. This potential needs to be considered when developing sustainable management options for restoration purposes and for successful mitigation of further biodiversity loss in agricultural landscapes
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Importance of ion energy on SEU in CMOS SRAMs
The single-event upset (SEU) responses of 16 Kbit to 1 Mbit SRAMs irradiated with low and high-energy heavy ions are reported. Standard low-energy heavy ion tests appear to be sufficiently conservative for technologies down to 0.5 {micro}m
Interactions entre l'avifaune sauvage et les élevages de volailles : quel risque épidémiologique vis à vis de l'Influenza aviaire ?
Textes issus des travaux du programme Casdar "Innovation et Partenariat" de 2007 et prĂ©sentĂ©s lors d'un colloque le 4 dĂ©cembre 2012, sous l'Ă©gide du GIS Relance AgronomiqueNational audienceThe outbreak of highly pathogenic avian Influenza that has spread to the territories of Western Europe in 2006 generated questions about the risks of contact between wild birds and poultry that have access to an outdoor trail. Within this framework, the birds likely to attend the courses of poultry as well as their surroundings were characterized on the territories of the Dombes, Bresse, the Pays de la Loire and the Landes with standard observation protocols. Specific monitoring of the movements of Mallard, species the AI tank, has been implemented. At the end of this study, certain factors increasing or decreasing the risk of exposure of poultry to the virus have been highlighted. Furthermore, the mallard duck does not appear to come into contact with poultry. The question arose on the role of birds frequenting both ponds and farms, which can be an intermediary between mallard ducks and poultry.LâĂ©pizootie dâInfluenza aviaire hautement pathogĂšne qui sâest propagĂ©e aux territoires dâEurope occidentale en 2006 a engendrĂ© des questionnements quant aux risques de contacts entre lâavifaune sauvage et les volailles qui ont accĂšs Ă un parcours extĂ©rieur. Dans ce cadre, lâavifaune susceptible de frĂ©quenter les parcours de volailles ainsi que leurs abords a Ă©tĂ© caractĂ©risĂ©e sur les territoires de la Dombes, de la Bresse, des Pays de Loire et des Landes Ă partir de protocoles dâobservation standards. Un suivi spĂ©cifique des mouvements du canard colvert, espĂšce rĂ©servoir des Influenzas, a Ă©tĂ© mis en place. A lâissue de cette Ă©tude, certains facteurs dâaugmentation ou de diminution du risque dâexposition des volailles au virus ont Ă©tĂ© mis en Ă©vidence. Par ailleurs, le canard colvert ne semble pas entrer en contact avec les volailles. La question se pose alors du rĂŽle des oiseaux frĂ©quentant Ă la fois les Ă©tangs et les Ă©levages, pouvant ĂȘtre un intermĂ©diaire entre le canard colvert et les volailles
Interactions entre l'avifaune sauvage et les élevages de volailles : quel risque épidémiologique vis à vis de l'Influenza aviaire ?
LâĂ©pizootie dâInfluenza aviaire hautement pathogĂšne qui sâest propagĂ©e aux territoires dâEurope
occidentale en 2006 a engendrĂ© des questionnements quant aux risques de contacts entre lâavifaune
sauvage et les volailles qui ont accĂšs Ă un parcours extĂ©rieur. Dans ce cadre, lâavifaune susceptible de
fréquenter les parcours de volailles ainsi que leurs abords a été caractérisée sur les territoires de la
Dombes, de la Bresse, des Pays de Loire et des Landes Ă partir de protocoles dâobservation standards.
Un suivi spécifique des mouvements du canard colvert, espÚce réservoir des Influenzas, a été mis en
place. A lâissue de cette Ă©tude, certains facteurs dâaugmentation ou de diminution du risque dâexposition
des volailles au virus ont été mis en évidence. Par ailleurs, le canard colvert ne semble pas entrer en
contact avec les volailles. La question se pose alors du rÎle des oiseaux fréquentant à la fois les étangs
et les Ă©levages, pouvant ĂȘtre un intermĂ©diaire entre le canard colvert et les volailles.The outbreak of highly pathogenic avian Influenza that has spread to the territories of Western Europe
in 2006 generated questions about the risks of contact between wild birds and poultry that have access
to an outdoor trail. Within this framework, the birds likely to attend the courses of poultry as well as their
surroundings were characterized on the territories of the Dombes, Bresse, the Pays de la Loire and the
Landes with standard observation protocols. Specific monitoring of the movements of Mallard, species
the AI tank, has been implemented. At the end of this study, certain factors increasing or decreasing the
risk of exposure of poultry to the virus have been highlighted. Furthermore, the mallard duck does not
appear to come into contact with poultry. The question arose on the role of birds frequenting both ponds
and farms, which can be an intermediary between mallard ducks and poultry
Modele semi-empirique de l'aspiration de charge dans une diode NP
SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RM1473 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc
Modelisation Monte-Carlo de l'effet d'un ion lourd sur le fonctionnement d'un MISFET/SOI
Available at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RM 1553 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc
Charge collection mechanisms in MOS/SOI transistors irradiated by energetic heavy ions
SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RM 1571 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc