Hardening communication ports for survival in electrical overstress environments

Greater attention is being focused on the protection of data I/O ports since both experience and lab tests have shown that components at these locations are extremely vulnerable to electrical overstress (EOS) in the form of transient voltages. Lightning and electrostatic discharge (ESD) are the major contributors to these failures; however, these losses can be prevented. Hardening against transient voltages at both the board level and system level has a proven record of improving reliability by orders of magnitude. The EOS threats, typical failure modes, and transient voltage mitigation techniques are reviewed. Case histories are also reviewed

Ariel - Volume 10 Number 6

Executive Editors Madalyn Schaefgen David Reich Business Manager David Reich News Editors Medical College Edward Zurad CAHS John Guardiani World Mark Zwanger Features Editors Meg Trexler Jim O\u27Brien Editorials Editor Jeffrey Banyas Photography and Sports Editor Stuart Singer Commons Editor Brenda Peterso

Spatial scales of genetic patchiness in the western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus

In planktonic dispersers, impediments to dispersal, local selection or large variance in the reproductive success among individuals (sweepstakes reproductive success) can create genetic heterogeneity at local scales. While these processes are well recognized, relatively few studies have investigated the spatial scales over which genetic heterogeneity occurs and how it is distributed across species’ ranges. We investigate population structure in the western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus, a commercially exploited species found in shallow and deep-water reef habitats along the Western Australia coastline. We screened 631 individuals from 9 locations across the species’ range for genetic variation at 22 microsatellite loci. Consistent with expectations of extensive larval mixing during an extended planktonic stage, we found no significant genetic differentiation among locations (FST = 0.003, G’’ST = 0.007). Despite the lack of large-scale geographic structure, small but significant positive spatial autocorrelation (SA) was detected over distances up to 40 km. Two-dimensional local SA analysis confirmed that fine-scale genetic heterogeneity was common throughout the species’ range. An intriguing aspect of these results is that SA was based on juvenile and adult lobsters, suggesting restricted movement or spatial cohesion of individuals after settlement

Alfalfa.

16 p

Alfalfa Seed Testing.

16 p

3D integrated superconducting qubits

As the field of superconducting quantum computing advances from the few-qubit stage to larger-scale processors, qubit addressability and extensibility will necessitate the use of 3D integration and packaging. While 3D integration is well-developed for commercial electronics, relatively little work has been performed to determine its compatibility with high-coherence solid-state qubits. Of particular concern, qubit coherence times can be suppressed by the requisite processing steps and close proximity of another chip. In this work, we use a flip-chip process to bond a chip with superconducting flux qubits to another chip containing structures for qubit readout and control. We demonstrate that high qubit coherence ($T_1$, $T_{2,\rm{echo}} > 20\,\mu$s) is maintained in a flip-chip geometry in the presence of galvanic, capacitive, and inductive coupling between the chips

Biometria e qualidade de sementes de pinhão manso produzidas em área de Cerrado em Roraima.

O objetivo do trabalho foi separar em três tamanhos um lote de sementes e avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) produzidas nas condições edafoclimáticas em cerrado de Roraima. Nas sementes, determinou-se o teor de água, largura, comprimento e avaliadas quanto ao peso de 100 sementes, germinação e sobrevivência assim como obtidas a altura de plântulas e comprimento de raízes e as respectivas massas secas. Sementes de pinhão manso, produzidas em cerrado de Roraima, podem ser separados pelo comprimento em três tamanhos. As plântulas obtidas apresentaram valores médios próximos de parte aérea e de raízes enquanto a massa seca de raízes foi inferior a 50% da massa seca da parte aérea das plântulas de pinhão manso. As medições de biometria das sementes separam um lote de sementes de pinhão manso e as sementes de menor tamanho apresentam qualidade fisiológica inferior

Aquifer thermal energy storage: An attempt to counter free thermal convection

This is the published version. Copyright 1983 American Geophysical UnionIn previous Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) experiments, appreciable free thermal convection was observed. In an attempt to counter the detrimental effects of convection, a dual recovery well system was constructed at the Mobile site and a third injection-storage-recovery cycle performed. Using a partially penetrating well, cycle 3-3 injection began on April 7, 1982. A total of 56,680 m3 of 79°C water were injected. After 57 days of storage, production began with a dual recovery well system. Due to the dominating effect of nonhomogeneities, the dual well system did not work particularly well, and a recovery factor of 0.42 was achieved. The degree of aquifer heterogeneity at the location of the present experiments was not apparent during previous experiments at a location only 109 m away, although pumping tests indicated similar values of transmissivity. Therefore aquifers with the same transmissivity can behave quite differently in a thermal sense. Heat conduction to the upper aquitard was a major energy loss mechanism. Water sample analyses indicated that there were no important changes in the chemical constituents during the third set of experiments. There was a 19% increase in total dissolved solids. At the end of injection, the land surface near the injection well had risen 1.39 cm with respect to bench marks located 70 m away