23 research outputs found

    Variation phĂ©notypique des traits quantitatifs de Cavia porcellus : une premiĂšre Ă©tape vers l’amĂ©lioration de l’espĂšce en RD Congo

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    Objectif : Dans l’optique de la promotion de l’élevage du cobaye, Cavia porcellus, nous avons menĂ© une Ă©tude d’analyse des paramĂštres de sa productivitĂ© (croissance et taille de nichĂ©e).MĂ©thodologie et rĂ©sultats : Le poids vif moyen Ă  la naissance est de 70,4 ± 20,5g pour les deux sexes. A 4 semaines ce poids a Ă©tĂ© multipliĂ© par 2,6 ; il a continuĂ© Ă  augmenter jusqu’à 20 semaines, Ăąge de maturitĂ© sexuelle des cobayes ; le poids vif moyen des adultes est de 375 ± 78,2g pour les femelles et de 512 ± 115g pour les mĂąles. La longueur du corps de l’animal prĂ©sente une allure ascendante continue ; elle est de 9,49 ± 2,71 cm ; 12,0 ± 1,39 cm et 22,8 ± 1,25cm respectivement Ă  la naissance, au sevrage (Ă  3 semaines) et Ă  20 semaines (Ăąge de maturitĂ© sexuelle) ; la longueur moyenne d’adulte est respectivement de 23,5 ± 1,77 cm pour les femelles et 24,1 ± 0,98 cm pour les mĂąles. La taille moyenne de la nichĂ©e pour les femelles de Kisantu, Belgique, Bukavu et Kinshasa est respectivement de 1,73 ± 0,45 ; 3,14 ± 0,77 ; 2,90 ± 0,67 et 2,48 ± 1,27 petits ; trĂšs avantageuse pour les femelles originaires de Belgique. L’hĂ©ritabilitĂ© enregistrĂ©e chez les hybrides est modĂ©rĂ©e, variant entre 0,43 et 0,64 ; l’hĂ©tĂ©rosis est importante Ă  la premiĂšre gĂ©nĂ©ration et ensuite elle diminue d’environ 25% au fur et Ă  mesure que les gĂ©nĂ©rations se succĂšdent. Les valeurs de coefficient de rĂ©pĂ©tabilitĂ© observĂ©es pour le poids vif Ă  la naissance, au sevrage et Ă  20 semaines ont montrĂ© une forte rĂ©pĂ©tabilitĂ© de caractĂšres de croissance (R=0,94 ; R=0,86 et R=0,98).Conclusion et application des rĂ©sultats : L’amĂ©lioration des paramĂštres de productivitĂ© (croissance et taille de nichĂ©e) est possible chez les cobayes locaux, mais elle exige l’apport des gĂ©niteurs performants venant soit d’autres rĂ©gions du pays, soit d’ailleurs (Belgique). Ainsi, nous pouvons promouvoir et amĂ©liorer l’élevage du cobaye en procĂ©dant au croisement entre gĂ©niteurs locaux, mais aussi avec des gĂ©niteurs exotiques.Mots clĂ©s : variation phĂ©notypique, poids vif, longueur du corps, taille de la nichĂ©e, Cavia porcellus, R D Cong

    A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase Ia Malaria Vaccine Trial of Two Virosome-Formulated Synthetic Peptides in Healthy Adult Volunteers

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    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Influenza virosomes represent an innovative human-compatible antigen delivery system that has already proven its suitability for subunit vaccine design. The aim of the study was to proof the concept that virosomes can also be used to elicit high titers of antibodies against synthetic peptides. The specific objective was to demonstrate the safety and immunogenicity of two virosome-formulated P. falciparum protein derived synthetic peptide antigens given in two different doses alone or in combination. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The design was a single blind, randomized, placebo controlled, dose-escalating study involving 46 healthy Caucasian volunteers aged 18-45 years. Five groups of 8 subjects received virosomal formulations containing 10 microg or 50 microg of AMA 49-CPE, an apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) derived synthetic phospatidylethanolamine (PE)-peptide conjugate or 10 ug or 50 ug of UK39, a circumsporozoite protein (CSP) derived synthetic PE-peptide conjugate or 50 ug of both antigens each. A control group of 6 subjects received unmodified virosomes. Virosomal formulations of the antigens (designated PEV301 and PEV302 for the AMA-1 and the CSP virosomal vaccine, respectively) or unmodified virosomes were injected i. m. on days 0, 60 and 180. In terms of safety, no serious or severe adverse events (AEs) related to the vaccine were observed. 11/46 study participants reported 16 vaccine related local AEs. Of these 16 events, all being pain, 4 occurred after the 1(st), 7 after the 2(nd) and 5 after the 3(rd) vaccination. 6 systemic AEs probably related to the study vaccine were reported after the 1(st) injection, 10 after the 2(nd) and 6 after the 3(rd). Generally, no difference in the distribution of the systemic AEs between either the doses applied (10 respectively 50 microg) or the synthetic antigen vaccines (PEV301 and PEV302) used for immunization was found. In terms of immunogenicity, both PEV301 and PEV302 elicited already after two injections a synthetic peptide-specific antibody response in all volunteers immunized with the appropriate dose. In the case of PEV301 the 50 microg antigen dose was associated with a higher mean antibody titer and seroconversion rate than the 10 microg dose. In contrast, for PEV302 mean titer and seroconversion rate were higher with the lower dose. Combined delivery of PEV301 and PEV302 did not interfere with the development of an antibody response to either of the two antigens. No relevant antibody responses against the two malaria antigens were observed in the control group receiving unmodified virosomes. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that three immunizations with the virosomal malaria vaccine components PEV301 or/and PEV302 (containing 10 microg or 50 microg of antigen) are safe and well tolerated. At appropriate antigen doses seroconversion rates of 100% were achieved. Two injections may be sufficient for eliciting an appropriate immune response, at least in individuals with pre-existing anti-malarial immunity. These results justify further development of a final multi-stage virosomal vaccine formulation incorporating additional malaria antigens. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00400101

    Biochemical Characterization and Evaluation of a Brugia malayi Small Heat Shock Protein as a Vaccine against Lymphatic Filariasis

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    Filarial nematodes enjoy one of the longest life spans of any human pathogen due to effective immune evasion strategies developed by the parasite. Among the various immune evasion strategies exhibited by the parasite, Interleukin 10 (IL-10) productions and IL-10 mediated immune suppression has significant negative impact on the host immune system. Recently, we identified a small heat shock protein expressed by Brugia malayi (BmHsp12.6) that can bind to soluble human IL-10 receptor alpha (IL-10R) and activate IL-10 mediated effects in cell lines. In this study we show that the IL-10R binding region of BmHsp12.6 is localized to its N-terminal region. This region has significant sequence similarity to the receptor binding region of human IL-10. In vitro studies confirm that the N-terminal region of BmHsp12.6 (N-BmHsp12.6) has IL-10 like activity and the region containing the alpha crystalline domain and C-terminus of BmHsp12.6 (BmHsp12.6αc) has no IL-10 like activity. However, BmHsp12.6αc contains B cell, T cell and CTL epitopes. Members of the sHSP families are excellent vaccine candidates. Evaluation of sera samples from putatively immune endemic normal (EN) subjects showed IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies against BmHsp12.6αc and these antibodies were involved in the ADCC mediated protection. Subsequent vaccination trials with BmHsp12.6αc in a mouse model using a heterologous prime boost approach showed that 83% protection can be achieved against B. malayi L3 challenge. Results presented in this study thus show that the N-BmHsp12.6 subunit of BmHsp12.6 has immunoregulatory function, whereas, the BmHsp12.6αc subunit of BmHsp12.6 has significant vaccine potential

    Contribution a l’étude des effets de croisement sur la taille de la portĂ©e et la croissance des lapereaux : Cas de la ferme agro- pastorale Jacarandas en R.D.Congo

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    Objectif: Ă©tait de dĂ©celer les produits plus performants (poids et taille) de lapins par de divers croisements en appliquant les mĂ©thodes d’amĂ©lioration gĂ©nĂ©tique pouvant amĂ©liorer leur productivitĂ© afin d’assurer un avenir meilleur de l’élevage.MĂ©thodologie et rĂ©sultats: Pour l’obtention des rĂ©sultats, nous nous sommes servis d’une balance électronique, qui nous a permis d’effectuer les pesĂ©es selon le protocole Ă©tabli, aux jours 15, 30, 45 et 150 avec un sevrage qui intervenait Ă  60 jours de la naissance. L’étude a portĂ© sur un effectif de 20 lapins, dont 3 mĂąles de races Alaska, NĂ©ozĂ©landaise et Chinchilla en croisements multiples avec 17 lapines de races ArgentĂ© de champagne, Californien, Chinchilla, NĂ©ozĂ©landaise et Papillon. A l’issu de ces croisements ;113 lapereaux ont Ă©tĂ© obtenus, parmi lesquels 17 lapereaux sont morts avant la date de la premiĂšre pesĂ©e, qui n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© pris en compte lors de l’étude. Il s’est ainsi dĂ©gagĂ© une portĂ©e moyenne de 6,65±2,12 lapereaux Ă  la premiĂšre portĂ©e de notre Ă©tude. Selon l’évolution pondĂ©rale des lapereaux ; 0,300 ± 0,11 kg a Ă©tĂ© la moyenne observĂ©e Ă  la premiĂšre pesĂ©e, sur l’ensemble des croisements. Cette Ă©volution a Ă©tĂ© plus importante pour le produit issu du croisement de NĂ©ozĂ©landais × NĂ©ozĂ©landais (0,621± 0,12 kg). A 30 jours d’ñge, les lapereaux issus de NĂ©ozĂ©landais × NĂ©ozĂ©landais ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© une moyenne supĂ©rieure de 0,836 ± 0,19 kg, bien que la moyenne des croisements ait Ă©tĂ© 0,498± 017 kg /lapereau. Il s’en est suivi une moyenne de 0,770 ± 0,27 kg /lapereau Ă  45 jours d’ñge. A l’entrĂ©e en reproduction (150 jours), le mĂȘme produit s’est dĂ©marquĂ© des autres croisements avec 2,900 ± 0,40 kg /lapin, bien que la moyenne pondĂ©rale pour cette catĂ©gorie d’ñge soit 2,130 ± 0,45 kg /lapin.Conclusion: L’utilisation des gĂ©niteurs Ă  grande prolificitĂ© en croisement permet d’augmenter la productivitĂ© numĂ©rique des cheptels lapins. A cet effet, le mĂąle Alaska et NĂ©o-ZĂ©landais sont d’une grande utilitĂ© pour l’augmentation de l’effectif et leur utilisation devra ĂȘtre rationnelle.Mots-clĂ©s: Étude, croissance, lapereaux, effet de la croissanceEnglish AbstractObjective: To evaluate the best performing products (weight and height) of rabbits of various crosses applying genetic improvement methods that can improve productivity to ensure a better future breeding.Methodology and results: For the obtaining of the results, we used an electronic balance, which allowed us to make weighing according to the established protocol, in the days 15, 30, 45 and 150 with a weaning at 60 days after the birth. The study concerned 20 rabbits, among which 3 purebred males Alaska, New Zealander and Chinchilla in multiple crossings with 17 purebred rabbits Silvered of champagne, Californian, Chinchilla, New Zealander and Butterfly. From these crosses; 113 young rabbits were obtained, among whom 17 young rabbits died before the date of the first weighing, which were not taken into account during the study. An average of 6.65±2.12 young rabbits in the first obtained. According to the weight evolution of young rabbits; 0.300 ± 0.11 kg was the average observed in the first weighing, on the set of the crossings. This evolution was more important for the product stemming from the crossing of New Zealander × New Zealand (0.621 ± 0.12 kg). In 30 days of age, young rabbits stemming from New Zealander × New Zealand revealed an average superior of 0,836 ± 0.19 kg, although average of the crossings was 0,498 ± 017 kg/young rabbit. It followed an average of 0.770 ± 0.27 kg/young rabbit in 45 days of age. In the entrance to reproduction (150 days), the same product distanced itself from other crossings with 2.900 ± 0.40 kg/rabbit, although the weight average for this category of age is 2.130 ± 0.45 kg/rabbit.Conclusion: the use of the parents with big prolificacy in crossing allows increasing productivity of the rabbits. For that purpose, male Alaska and New Zealander are of a big utility for the increase of the colony and their use will have to be rational.Keywords: Study, growth, young rabbits, effect of the growt
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