Formation of quasi-periodic nano- and microstructures on silicon surface under IR and UV femtosecond laser pulses

Quasi-periodic nano- and microstructures have been formed on silicon surface using IR ( λ ≈ 744 nm) and UV ( λ ≈ 248 nm) femtosecond laser pulses. The influence of the incident laser fluence and the number of pulses on the structured surface topology has been investigatedyesBelgorod State Universit

Surface texturing of steel by femtosecond laser and accompanying structure/ phase transformations

Topography, structure, and phase composition of surface layers of AISI 321 stainless steel textured by 1030-nm 320-fs-laser pulses were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Variation in single-pulse fluence and the number of pulses was found to change the laser-produced surface texture from onedimensional quasi-periodic nanograting to microrelief of various roughnes

Synchronization of multi-phase oscillators: An Axelrod-inspired model

Inspired by Axelrod's model of culture dissemination, we introduce and analyze a model for a population of coupled oscillators where different levels of synchronization can be assimilated to different degrees of cultural organization. The state of each oscillator is represented by a set of phases, and the interaction --which occurs between homologous phases-- is weighted by a decreasing function of the distance between individual states. Both ordered arrays and random networks are considered. We find that the transition between synchronization and incoherent behaviour is mediated by a clustering regime with rich organizational structure, where some of the phases of a given oscillator can be synchronized to a certain cluster, while its other phases are synchronized to different clusters.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

CGAT-core: a python framework for building scalable, reproducible computational biology workflows

In the genomics era computational biologists regularly need to process, analyse and integrate large and complex biomedical datasets. Analysis inevitably involves multiple dependent steps, resulting in complex pipelines or workflows, often with several branches. Large data volumes mean that processing needs to be quick and efficient and scientific rigour requires that analysis be consistent and fully reproducible. We have developed CGAT-core, a python package for the rapid construction of complex computational workflows. CGAT-core seamlessly handles parallelisation across high performance computing clusters, integration of Conda environments, full parameterisation, database integration and logging. To illustrate our workflow framework, we present a pipeline for the analysis of RNAseq data using pseudo-alignment

CHOICE OF THE INITIAL TREATMENT FOR MILD TO MODERATE ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN MOSCOW PRIMARY PRACTICE

Aim. To assess the choice of initial pharmacotherapy of uncomplicated mild to moderate arterial hypertension (HT) in Moscow primary care as well as to clear up the influence of regulatory measures on this choice.Material and methods. Results of two similar surveys conducted in 2011-2012 (452 respondents) and 2013-2014 (273 respondents) were compared to estimate preferences of Moscow primary care physicians regarding initial antihypertensive agents for therapy of uncomplicated mild to moderate HT taking into consideration an influence of regulatory requirement to prescribe medicinal products by international nonproprietary name (INN) since July 2012. All participants were proposed to write down their preferred antihypertensive agents for initial mono- or combined therapy of mild to moderate HT with moderate cardiovascular risk and absence of compelling indications.Results. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) remained the leading class of antihypertensive agents, though their popularity slightly but significantly declined from 44.4% in 2011-12 to 37.2% in 2013-14 (р&lt;0.05). Angiotensin receptor blockers partially displaced the leaders and increased their popularity from 11.3% in 2011-12 to 18.0% in 2013-14 (р&lt;0.01). ACEI/diuretic combination remained on the 3rd position (16.4% and 15.3% respectively). Beta-blockers and diuretics as monotherapy shared 4th and 5th places in this rating. Calcium channel blockers popularity among Moscow prescribers remained unchanged and poor – 2.1%. The most popular medicine by trade name was Noliprel, perindopril/indapamide fixed combination, – 14.0% and 13.7% of respondents in 2011-12 and 2013-14, respectively. The share of medicine products recommended by INN went up from 11.9% to 22.8% among top-10 popular medications (р&lt;0.01).Conclusion. Blockers of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system remain the leading drugs for the initial treatment of uncomplicated mild to moderate HT without compelling indications among Moscow primary care physicians. Regulatory requirement to prescribe medicinal products by INN was associated with significant increase in the share of drugs recommended by INN, though this effect was less than expected one.</p

Magnetic ground state and the spin-state transitions in YBaCo

The crystal and magnetic structure of the perovskite-like, oxygen deficient cobalt oxide YBaCo2O5.5 has been studied by means of neutron and X-ray diffraction in the 10–300 K temperature range. The magnetic ground state is characterized by a coexistence of two distinct antiferromagnetic phases. In the first one, the ionic moments of high-spin Co3+ ions in the pyramidal sites are ordered in a spiral arrangement, while octahedral sites are non-magnetic due to presence of low-spin Co3+ ions. The arrangement in the second phase is collinear of the G-type, with non-zero moments both in pyramidal (high-spin Co3+ ions) and octahedral sites (presumably a mixture of the low- and high-spin states). With increasing temperature, at 260–300 K, the system develops a gradual structural transformation, which is associated with appearance of spontaneous magnetic moment. This process is related to a thermally induced reversion of low- and high-spin states at the octahedral sites to the intermediate-spin Co3+ states, resulting in an insulator-metal transition at TC ≈ TIM ≈ 295 K