Effect of methods of extraction on phytochemical constituents and antibacterial properties of Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds

Effect of methods of extraction on phytochemical constituents and antibacterial properties of the extracts of the seeds of tetracarpidium conophorum was studied. Different solvents extraction methods yielded varying amounts of the phytochemical constituents and the antibacterial screening showed that all the extracts except the water extracts have antibacterial activity. The inhibition of bacterial growth showed that the extracts were dose dependent since no inhibition occurred at lower concentration. The study therefore showed that the extracts of the seeds oftetracarpidium conopharum are dependent upon the solvent and methods of extraction, and that the extract possesses antibacterial properties, which could be useful in treatment of bacterial infections and or other related diseases

Antibacterial activity and medicinal properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale)

The antibacterial activity and medicinal properties of ginger extracts were studied. Ginger extracts were obtained using solvents, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanolic soxhlet and water. The extracts were assayed for antibacterial activity and bacterial growth inhibition activity. The results showed that all the extracts except the water extract have antibacterial activity and that the inhibition of bacterial growth was dose dependent. The results alsoshowed that ginger extracts possesses antibacterial properties and could be used for the treatment of bacterial infections

Melon (Cucumismelo) and Groundnut (Arachishypogaea) peel extracts as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution

The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 2M hydrochloric acid solution by Melon (Cucumismelo)(MPE) and Groundnut (Arachishypohaea) peel extracts (GPE) at room temperature has been investigated using weight loss method. Inhibition efficiencies of 94.40% and 92.64% for2M HCl concentration was observed for GPE and MPE respectively. Generally, the weight loss of the coupons decreases at different concentrations of HCl solutions while the inhibition efficiencies of the inhibitors (MPE and GPE) increased with increasing inhibitor concentrations.Keywords: Cucumismelo, Arachishypogaea, corrosion, inhibitor

Kinetics Mechanism and Thermodynamic Study of the Oxidation of Iodide Ion by Dichromate Ion in Acidic Medium

This work introduces a newly developed kinetic mechanism and thermodynamic study that gives a clear theoretical insight between the iodine and chromium in acid solution. The paper mainly focuses on evaluating kinetic mechanism and thermodynamic properties of the oxidation of iodide by dichromate ion in acidic medium. This study was investigated using iodometric method. The rate has been studied by appropriate choice of concentrated conditions at constant temperature and ionic strength. The kinetic studies revealed half order reaction with respect to dichromate ion, first order for iodide ion and second order for hydrogen ion concentration. The dependence of reaction rate on the temperature was monitored in order to generate some thermodynamic parameters, which can be used in predicting the direction and spontaneity of the reaction. The thermodynamic studies of this reaction revealed negative values for ΔG, ΔS and positive values for ΔH which is an indication that the reaction wasspontaneous and endothermic. The oxidant chromium (vi) exist in acidic media as H2CrO4. The effect of ionic strength on the rate of redox reaction was investigated. The ionic strength was adjusted by varying the concentration of the nitrate to maximum. The effect of temperature was also studied to evaluate the thermodynamic parameters. Transition metals should be use as catalyst for future purpose to monitor the rate of redox reaction. The techniques employed on this research are very useful in determining the rate of a redox reaction. Keywords: Kinetic, thermodynamic, oxidation, iodometric metho

Modelling and Analysis of A 6-DOF Robotic Arm for Oil and Gas Pipeline Welding Operations

Abstract: Recent advances in robotics and automation technology have spurred the widespread use of robotic arms for industrial operations. Consequently, practising engineers, key players and particularly engineering students must be encouraged to stay abreast with these recent trends by developing hands-on and simulation experience. Therefore, this paper concisely presents the modelling, kinematic analysis as well as simulation results of an educational 6-DoF (Degrees of Freedom) robotic arm designed for welding oil and gas pipelines and other generalised tasks in a MATLAB/Simulink-Simscape environment. The joint movements of the robotic arm were simulated with a sinusoidal reference signal consisting of unit magnitude and frequency of 1 rad/s using the MATLAB Robotics Toolbox. Consequently, the results indicated satisfactory performance as the design allows the robot joints to effectively move the end-effector welding tool-piece in an elliptical path as would be required in the case of welding a cylindrical pipeline for oil and gas operations