Identifikasi Sebaran Daerah Rawan Bahaya Kekeringan Meteorologi Di Kabupaten Lamongan

Kabupaten Lamongan merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang termasuk kedalam kategori daerah yang rawan bahaya kekeringan. Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah mencatat bahwa telah terjadi kerusahakan lahan, gagal panen, dan kekurangan air akibat dari kekeringan di Kabupaten Lamongan. Manajemen resiko suatu bencana merupakan salah satu upaya pendekatan yang bersifat non struktural yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalisasi dampak bencana. Setidaknya terdapat dua komponen utama didalam melakukan penilaian terhadap resiko bencana, yaitu melakukan penilaian bahaya dan melakukan penilaian terhadap kerentanan. Didalam tahap awal perlu dilakukan pembatasan daerah terdampak bahaya kekeringan. Oleh karenanya diperlukan penelitian yang berusaha untuk memberikan informasi awal mengenai sebaran daerah yang teridentifikasi memiliki bahaya kekeringan. Terdapat tiga tahapan analisa pada penelitian ini. Pertama mengidentifikasi pos curah hujan pada wilayah studi. Kedua dilakukan analisa curah hujan untuk mendapatkan indeks kekeringan meteorologi dari masing-masing pos curah hujan dengan alat ukur Standardize Precipitation Index(SPI). Ketiga dilakukan analisa interpolasi nilai indeks kekeringan dari masing-masing pos hujan untuk mendapatkan sebaran kekeringan. Tingkat kerawanan kekeringan meteorologi pada Kabupaten Lamongan tersebar dari tingkat kekeringan ringan sampai dengan tingkat kekeringan ekstrim. Sebaran kekeringanmeteorologi mencakup lima belas kecamatan yang tersebar di wilayah tengah, selatan dan timur dari Kabupaten Lamongan. Kecamatan tersebut antara lain kecamatan Lamongan, Deket, karangbinangun, Turi, Sukodadi, Kembangbahu, Glagah, Sukorame, Ngimbang, Blubuk, Modo, Kedungpring, babat, Sekaran , dan Lare

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially