Morpho-agronomic characters of oat growing with humic acid and zinc application in different sowing times

The objectives of the study were to determine the effects of humic acid (HA) and zinc (Zn) applications on winter tolerance and yield performance of oat (cv. Albatros) planted in winter and spring sowing times (ST). We conducted the study in the 2017/2018 growing season. The experimental layout was split-split plots with three replications. Sowing times (winter and spring) comprised of the main plots. Humic acid application (with HA and without HA) was in the sub-plots, and Zn application rates (0, 23 and 46 kg ha-1) were in the sub-sub-plots. Chlorophyll content of plants was measured at the heading stage, while plant height, panicle height, panicle weight, number of grain per panicle, weight of grains per panicle, harvest index and grain yield were determined at the harvest. The effects of HA and Zn applications in both ST increased the chlorophyll content, yield and yield components. The results showed that cold tolerance of oat plants can be increased by the application of HA and 46 kg ZnSO4.7H2O ha -1. Overall performance of winter season was better than spring; thus, oat can be cultivated in winter under warm winter climate conditions. In addition, the HA and Zn applications can be used for other cold sensitive plant species to increase the cold tolerance which is a prevalent environmental stress affecting productivity of crops

Mutual effects of humic acid content and nitrogen sources for vegetative development and flowering of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.)

Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.), a garden plant cherished for its unique and colorful flowers, is widely used in bouquets and wreaths as a cut flower. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of nitrogen sources (ammonium sulfate, AS; ammonium nitrate, AN; and urea) and humic acids from lignite sources (TKI-Humas and HUM-Zn) on the growth and flower production of snapdragon that are grown in pots under controlled conditions. It has been observed that plants started to flower during applications of HUM-Zn with AN and urea, whereas they remained at the vegetative stage during the application of HUM-Zn with AS. Furthermore, it has been determined that the two humic acid sources with AS usage prolonged the vegetative development and did not induce flowering of plants. Simultaneous application of humic acid and nitrogen sources has caused an increase in the leaf width, peduncle diameter, floret weight, chlorophyll content, and biomass of the snapdragon. Results show that the application of HUM-Zn with AN and urea has been effective on the plant’s vegetative organs, flowering, and dry weight. It indicated that HUM-Zn contains zinc, which is effective in flowering and biomass development. In conclusion, it was concluded that the simultaneous application of humic acid with AN or urea rapidly affected the flowering process of snapdragon

Applications of Machine Learning Algorithms in Nitrogen Fertilizer Management of Triticale

1055-1063In this study, a new classification technique is proposed to distinguish the appropriate one from four different nitrogen (N)fertilizer doses (0, 40, 80, and 160 kg ha−1) using six triticale cultivars. In the classification phase, nine yield featuresfrom 30 plants of the same cultivar were measured, that is, each dose or class has 30 feature vectors consisting of ninefeatures. Next, six triticale cultivars were classified for each dose of N fertilizer separately by using 30 feature vectorsbelonging to each dose. Similarly, the same classification task was repeated by using all feature vectors taken from fourdoses of N fertilizer. What makes this study novel is the classification process of six triticale cultivars by taking into accounttheir characters based on different doses of N fertilizer. The classification tasks were conducted by applying CommonVector Approach, Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbor, and Decision Trees algorithms. While satisfactory resultswere obtained from the training sets for all cases, the test set accuracy is relatively lower for the classification of four dosesof N fertilizer and six cultivars since features extracted from different doses of N fertilizer for the same cultivar are close toeach other. Furthermore, the number of feature vectors is insufficient to classify classes efficiently. Interestingly, when thecommon information of the classifiers was extracted with the biplot technique, useful results were obtained in selectingappropriate N doses for several triticale varieties. Combined with the results of future comprehensive studies, applicableresults for the agricultural sector can be proposed

Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation During Vegetative and Grain Filling of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) as Affected by Nitrogen Rates

This research aimed to determine the effect of different levels of nitrogen (N) on the growth, yield and the N accumulation of lentil plants grown under rain-fed conditions. The two-year field experiments with lentil were arranged in a randomised complete block design. Nitrogen was applied at four rates (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1) and all of the plots received half of the N rates before sowing in October and the remaining N rate in spring. The plants were harvested in the following stages: the first multifoliate leaf unfolding at the fifth node (V5) full seed or seed on nodes 10-13 that fill pod cavities (R6) and maturity (R8). The dry weight and N concentration of the shoot (leaf+stem), pod wall, and seed were then measured. It has been found that N application significantly affected the lentil characteristics. The maximum biomass accumulation and N accumulation were obtained at R6, and the N fertiliser had a positive effect on the seed weight and N accumulation. It can be suggest that 20 kg N ha-1 will increase the per-plant dry matter and N accumulation of the seeds under rain-fed conditions

The Effect of Zinc on Yield, Yield Components and Micronutrient Concentrations in the Seeds of Safflower Genotypes (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.)

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of zinc (Zn) on yield, yield components and Zn, manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) concentrations in seeds of four safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.) genotypes. The research was performed, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences for all the examined traits except harvest index in both years of study. Zinc application significantly affected the plant height, seed weight per plant and 1000-seed weight in the first year and the plant height, seed weight per plant, biological yield per plant, 1000-seed weight and harvest index of the genotypes during the second year. The results of the study showed that Zn uptake differed substantially among the safflower genotypes tested. The Zn, Cu and Mn concentrations in the seeds were increased by Zn application

Changes in N, K, and Fatty Acid Composition of Black Cumin Seeds Affected by Nitrogen Doses under Supplemental Potassium Application

This study was carried out to determine the efficiency of nitrogen (N) doses (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg N ha−1) under supplemental potassium (K) application (50 kg K2O ha−1) on black cumin in 2011 and 2012. The results showed that increased N levels resulted in increasing seed yield and N and K contents in seed, while oil content decreased. The seed yield and oil yield were peaked at the doses of 60 kg N ha−1 and 50 kg K ha−1. An increase in N doses caused a reduction in oil content regardless of K supply. Saturated fatty acids and oleic acid were slightly increased by K application, while minor changes in linoleic acid were detected. It was concluded that 60 kg N ha−1 with supplemental K application should be advised for enhancement in seed yield, oil yield, and N and K contents in seeds of black cumin without significant changes in fatty acid composition