Kemijski sastav endemske biljke Centaurea austro-anatolica i ispitivanje antimikrobnog djelovanja protiv multi-rezistentnih bakterija

Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts of C. austro-anatolica Hub.-Mor. (Asteraceae) were evaluated against microorganisms, including multi-resistant bacteria, using a paper disc diffusion method. The chloroform extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity toward all bacteria tested. The chemical composition of the chloroform extract was determined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major compounds of the extract were caryophyllene oxide (21.32 %), spathulenol (10.86 %), n-tricosanol (9.58 %) and geranyl isovalerate (8.71 %).Heksanski, kloroformski, etil-acetatni i etanolni ekstrakti vršnih dijelova biljke C. austro-anatolica Hub.-Mor. (Asteraceae) ispitivani su na antimikrobno djelovanje protiv multi-rezistentnih bakterija, koristeći difuzijsku metodu na papirnom disku. Kloroformski ekstrakt pokazao je značajno antibakterijsko djelovanje protiv svih testiranih bakterija. Kemijski sastav tog ekstrakta određivan je plinskom kromatografijom (GC) i plinskom kromatografijom-spektrometrijom masa (GC-MS). Najvažniji sastojci ekstrakta bili su kariofilen oksid (21,32 %), spatulenol (10,86 %), n-trikozanol (9,58 %) i geranil izovalerat (8,71 %)

Evaluation of antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of aluminum chloride.

Hemostatic agents are used to control hemorrhage and the gingival crevicular fluid for dental applications. In this study; the antimutagenic and antioxidant activities of aluminum chloride (AlCl3), a topical hemostatic agent used especially in the fields of dermatology and dentistry, were determined. To our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates these properties

Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activities of Gladiolus illyricus.

Context: In the present study, the ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts and the rhizomes of G. illyricus were obtained. Aims: To determine the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic properties of G. illyricus extracts. Methods: The antimicrobial activity was studied with the disc diffusion method and the antioxidant capacity by inhibition of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and the total antioxidant activity. The antimutagenic activity was investigated by Ames Salmonella/microsome mutagenic test. The bacterial mutant strains Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were used to determine antigenotoxic potentials of the extracts. Results: The ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts and the rhizomes showed moderate antimicrobial activity only on Bacillus subtilis. The IC50 value for DPPH radical of the aerial parts and rhizomes were 57.1 ± 1.3 and 48.1 ± 1.1 mg/mL, respectively. The total antioxidant activities of the aerial parts and the rhizomes of G. illyricus at 3.15 mg/mL concentration were 92.3 ± 1.4% and 91.5 ± 2.1%, respectively. These extracts showed antimutagenic effects at 0.5 and 5 mg/plate concentrations. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study on antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activity of the ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts and the rhizomes from G. illyricus. Our results indicate that the used of these extracts would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant and antimutagenic activities. These activities could be an important topic in the medical and cosmetic fields

In vitro anticoagulant and antiinflammatory activities of Geastrum fimbriatum Fr., namely as Earthstar fungus

Mushrooms have great potential to be used as food and pharmaceutical sources. Most of the non-edible mushrooms contain biologically active metabolites that are functional for modern medicinal applications. Within the present study, anticoagulant and antiinflammatory activities of Geastrum fimbriatum Fr. (Syn. Geastrum sessile (Sowerby) Pouzar), a mushroom naturally grown in Turkey, were investigated. The in vitro anticoagulant activity of the ethanolic extract obtained with a soxhlet apparatus determined by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) assays using commercial reagents. The antiinflammatory activity of the extract was determined by lipoxygenase inhibition assay. When compared with the negative control DMSO, G. fimbriatum extract exhibited significant anticoagulant effects in the APTT test that evaluates the intrinsic coagulation pathway. The ethanolic extract found to prolong the coagulation time. However, no inhibition was observed in the PT test which evaluates the extrinsic coagulation pathway, The extract showed 12.92% inhibition on the lipoxygenase enzyme activity. Overall, G. fimbriatum ethanolic extract exhibited potent antiinflammatory activity besides being a potential source of anticoagulant. Further analysis is required to evaluate the medical use of Geastrum mushrooms from a pharmaceutical point of view