Copper Removal from Synthetic Water by Using Rice Husk Activated Carbon

One of the most efficient ways of replacing the existing traditional technique is the application of low-cost adsorbent. Rice husk (RH) is an abundant and inexpensive material and can be processed for various applications into activated carbon (AC). In the past couple of years, AC has also been used as an adsorbent. In addition, AC has wider used, such as removing water and wastewater from different contaminants. In this analysis, the raw rice husk for removing copper from synthetic water is treated and modified as activated carbon for copper (II). Using alkaline sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH, which has a different adsorbent dosage, rice husk was prepared. The parameters to be tested before and after the absorption process are pH, turbidity, total suspended solid, and dissolved oxygen (DO) of the synthetic water. The result obtained indicates that different dosages of adsorbent have different effects on the consistency of the water. The adsorbent dose used was 0.6g, 1.6g, 2.6g, 3.6g, and 4.6g, respectively. In short, an effort has been made on using rice husk as an adsorbent, as the major parts of the adsorbent were lignin and silica, which encouraged the adsorption process. Based on the previous rice husk activated carbon results, this has been verified that the activated carbon intensity will extract copper from the water sample

Eggshell Powder as an Adsorbent for Removal of Lead (II) in Panchor’s River

Heavy metal such as lead has increase in the natural environment especially in the aqueous solution. Remediation method of adsorption offer a treatment for removing heavy metal in river. This experiment is to analyse and compare eggshell adsorbent of activated carbon in Panchor’s river through its efficiency in removing heavy metal of Lead (II). Eggshell is designed as an activated carbon through physical and chemical activation in treating the water by undergoing adsorption process of few laboratory test. The efficiency of eggshell chemical activated carbon is high as the percentages removal of Pb is 48.21% compare to physical activated carbon with 32.14%. However, this study showed that both eggshell activated carbon is an effective adsorbent in removing Pb from aqueous solution of natural environmen

THE UTILIZATION OF RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATE FROM CONSTRUCTION WASTE AS VERTICAL FILTER

The eutrophication in surface water is one of the problem cause by the higher amount of phosphorus (P). Nevertheless, the existing conventional wastewater treatment system to remove phosphorus is require a complex process. Hence, a system using environmental friendly should be adept to overcome this problem. Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) used as a filter system issue as an alternative technology for phosphorus removal. This can overcome the problem of construction site waste by converting the waste into something valuable products. Thus, this study aim to investigate the physical and chemical characteristic of RCA that influenced adsorption of P and to determine the percentage of P removal by using two different size of RCA which is (5 mm to 10 mm) and (25 mm to 30 mm). A total of five vertical recycled concrete aggregate filter laboratory scale was design using recycled concrete aggregate and five different concentration of synthetic wastewater which is 10 – 50 mg/L was prepared. Samples were taken from the influent and effluent filters to be tested once a week, and analyzed to determine the amount of pH, the uptake capacity of Phosphorus (q) and the percentage of Phosphorus removal (%).RCA was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX) testing to determine chemical composition. Results shows that RCA is highly contained with Aluminium, Calcium and Magnesium elements that enhanced the Phosphorus adsorption. The RCA with size 5 mm to 10 mm and synthetic wastewater 10 mg/L display high potential in removing P with 99.54% removal at pH 9.77. Furthermore, this RCA also shows the highest uptake capacity (q) of 3.45 at concentration of synthetic wastewater 50 mg/L. The lower concentration of synthetic wastewater, smaller size of RCA and higher pH have slightly better Phosphorus removal efficiency. In conclusion. RCA has a potential in removing P from synthetic wastewater

The characterization of recycled concrete aggregate as filter in removal of phosphorus

Phosphorus (P) is one of the key nutrients that lead to eutrophication problem in surface water. However, the existing conventional wastewater treatment system to remove phosphorus is expensive and require a complex process. Therefore, a system using low cost and environmental friendly should be practiced to overcome this problem. Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) used as a filter system emerged as an alternative technology for phosphorus removal. This can overcome the problem of construction site waste by converting the waste into something valuable products. Thus, this study aim to investigate the physical and chemical characteristic of RCA that influenced adsorption of P. RCA was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) testing to determine chemical composition. Results shows that RCA is highly contained with Aluminium, Calcium and Magnesium elements that enhanced the Phosphorus adsorption

Study on the ability of black soldier fly larvae for reducing the house fly eggs in poultry manure

Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are a good source of protein for aquaculture, animal feed, pet and human nutrition. Larvae have a healthy appetite and can be used to make household waste compost and residual agricultural. For previous study [1], observed that the BSFL can be grown in a variety of organic waste stream including pig manure, kitchen waste, fruits and vegetables, and given to the fish. In addition, the larvae benefit from the use of natural resources to overcome the problem of life cycle of widespread flies in the poultry farm openly. Therefore, it is important to note that the poultry farms release many particles into the air that endanger human health and the environment

Suitability study on chicken dung and fruit waste as Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) diet

Production of chicken increases due to the demand of their eggs and meats [1]. As a result, a massive amount of chicken dung has been generated. Raw chicken dung has adverse effect on plants. Therefore, it should be composted or aged prior to use as raw chicken dung as it contains pathogens as well as urine, feathers, undigested food and coop bedding material that can harm people and animals [2]. If composting is properly done, the process destroys disease-causing organisms, making chicken dung safe to be used around plants, people and pets [2]. Chicken dung is rich in nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and calcium, and also rich in organic matter compared to other manures. The addition of organic matter to soils increases water-holding capacity of soil, improves aeration and drainage, reduces erosion, reduces fertilizer leaching and improves soil structure for plants [2]. Furthermore, organic matter provides food source for soil microbes, which increases soil biological diversity, accelerates the breakdown of organic nutrients for plants to improve plant health.

The efficacy of recycled concrete aggregate for removal phosphorus in synthetic wastewater with different pH value

Phosphorus (P) is the main nutrient element for plant growth in the natural water system. However, unnecessary phosphorus loads in water bodies from industrial, agricultural and household wastes may cause the overgrowth of aquatic plants or algae which accelerates the depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO) in water, thereby leading to serious eutrophication problems. Nevertheless, existing conventional wastewater treatment systems for removing phosphorus are expensive and complex. Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) may be an alternative solution for phosphorus removal. It can reduce pollution and landfill disposal by converting construction waste into valuable products. This study aims to investigate the percentage of phosphorus removal using three different sizes of RCA with different pH of synthetic wastewater. A total of four vertical laboratory-scale RCA filters were designed with four different concentrations of synthetic wastewater which is pH3, pH7, pH9 and distilled water were prepared. The pH and the percentage of phosphorus removal (%) were tested and analysed on both untreated and treated sample. RCA was analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to determine its chemical composition. The results show that RCA has a high content of aluminium, calcium and magnesium that enhances phosphorus adsorption. The pH values are substantially higher for RCA size 5 mm to 10 mm compared to RCA size 10 mm to 15 mm, and 15 mm to 20 mm. Moreover, it was shown that the higher the pH, which is at pH 9 and the smaller size of RCA, the higher the efficiency of phosphorus removal, which is 96% of removal. In conclusion, RCA has the potential to remove phosphorus, particularly in low concentrations of synthetic wastewater and high pH conditions

Use of black soldier fly larvae composter bin to reduce household food waste

Food waste is the largest component in municipal solid waste (MSW). About 1.3 billion tons of food, which is equivalent to one third of global food production is lost or wasted every year along the food supply chain [1]. In Malaysia, total generation of MSW is 15,000 tons. This MSW consists of 50% food waste, of which 70% is disposed at the landfill sites [2]. It was reported that in average a household in Malaysia throw away around 0.5-0.8 kg uneaten food per day [3]. This food waste is recognized as huge problem worldwide and it becomes particularly severe to developing country. There are many methods that can be carried out to reduce the food waste generation. Composting method is one of the methods to convert food waste into valuable product with minimum cost

A study of reverse osmosis reject water at Bukit Gambir, Tangkak Haemodialysis Centre

Water is categorized by their few aspects according to the specific feature and it function usage in a certain compatible condition. Yet with rapidly population growth increasing around the world by about 85 million per year, the accessibility for fresh water supply per persons keep declining [1]. The increasing clean water demand causes the increasing environmental risks, costs and economic exploitation as it may disturb surrounding nature which leads into the more distant sources or greater depth. At this state, the minimization of waste water produce should be focused on to prevent it become worsen

Potential application of bitter gourd (Momordica Charantia) peel as an adsorbent for the removal of total hardness In Kangkar Senangar’s groundwater

Lately many countries in the world are suffering with the shortage of fresh and clean drinking water as it is a source of life and energy. Rapid pace of industrialization, population expansion, and unplanned urbanization have largely contributed to the severe water pollution and surrounding soils [1]. The main sources of water pollution can be attributed by discharge of untreated sanitary and toxic industrial wastes, dumping of industrial effluent and runoff from agricultural fields. It is well known that 70–80% of all diseases in developing countries are related to water contamination, particularly that susceptible to women and children [2]. This is because water sources now become limited as drinking water quality has been reduced by pollution. Hardness is one of the problem related to unpalatable drinking water that need to be control at acceptable level