First Records Of Heliomaster Furcifer (trochilidae) In The State Of São Paulo And Expansion Of Its Distribution [primeiros Registros De Heliomaster Furcifer (trochilidae) No Estado De São Paulo E Ampliação De Sua Distribuição]

Heliomaster furcifer is a hummingbird that inhabits open areas, appearing to be a species of low density, with few reports in the literature. Its distribution is known for the states of Goias, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais to Rio Grande do Sul, with no records for the State of São Paulo. We present here the first records of H. furcifer in this state, expanding its geographical distribution.193422423Grantsau, R., (1988) Os Beija-flores do Brasil, , Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e CulturaLopes, L.E., Leite, L., Pinho, J.B., Goes, R., New bird records to the Estação Ecológica de Águas Emendadas, Planaltina, Distrito Federal (2005) Ararajuba, 13, pp. 107-108de Schauensee Meyer, R., (1970) A Guide to the Birds of South America, , Philadelphia: Academy of Natural Sciences of PhiladelphiaNunes, A.P., Tizianel, F.A.T., Melo, A.V., Nascimento, V., McHado, N., Aves da Estrada Parque Pantanal, Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil (2010) Atualidades Ornitológicas, 156, pp. 33-47van Perlo, B., (2009) A field guide to the birds of Brazil, , New York: Oxfod University PressRuschi, A., (1986) Aves do Brasil, 5. , Beija-flores. Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e CulturaSchuchmann, K.L., Family Trochilidae (Hummingbirds) (1999) Handbook of the birds of the world, Vol. 5: Barn-owls to Hummingbirds, , In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. and Sargatal, J. (Eds.), Barcelona: Lynx EdicionsSick, H., (1984) Migração de aves na América do Sul Continental, , CEMAVE, Centro de estudos de migrações de aves, IBDF (Publ. Técnica n° 2). Brasília, DFSick, H., (1997) Ornitologia brasileira, , Rio de Janeiro: Nova FronteiraSigrist, T., (2009) Guia de Campo Avis Brasilis-Avifauna Brasileira, , São Paulo: Avis BrasilisStraube, F.C., Urben-Filho, A., Pivatto, M.A.C., Nunes, A.P., Tomás, W.M., Nova contribuição à ornitologia do Chaco brasileiro (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil) (2006) Atualidades Ornitológicas, 134. , www.ao.com.br/download/chaco.pdf, disponível on line emValadão, R.M., Franchin, A.G., Marçal Jr., O., A avifauna no Parque Municipal Victório Siquierolli, zona urbana de Uberlândia (MG) (2006) Biotemas, 19, pp. 81-91Willis, E.O., The composition of avian communities in remanescent woodlots in southern Brazil (1979) Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, São Paulo, 33, pp. 1-25Willis, E.O., Oniki, Y., Levantamento preliminar de aves em treze áreas do Estado de São Paulo (1981) Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 41, pp. 121-135Willis, E.O., Oniki, Y., Birds of a central São Paulo woodlot (2002) Brazilian Jurnal of Biology, 62, pp. 197-210Willis, E.O., Oniki, Y., (2003) Aves do Estado de São Paulo, , Rio Claro: Divis

Anomalous Tadpoles In A Brazilian Oceanic Archipelago: Implications Of Oral Anomalies On Foraging Behaviour, Food Intake And Metamorphosis

Rhinella jimi (Anura, Bufonidae) is an introduced species in the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, north-eastern Brazil. It is known as one of the greatest amphibian anomaly hotspots in the world, with almost half of the adult individuals in the population having external anomalies, but tadpoles from this population have not previously been examined. Therefore, we evaluated the presence of anomalies in tadpoles of this population, described their types and identified possible handicaps of anomalous tadpoles in foraging behaviour and food intake. We found anomalies in 52.5% of all tadpoles inspected, mostly involving labial teeth. Anomalous tadpoles, when compared to normal individuals, spend less time foraging and have a lower foraging efficiency. We also observed that anomalous toadlets originate both from normal and anomalous tadpoles. We suggest that the reduced feeding fitness may result in a reduced growing rate, longer time spent until metamorphosis, higher predation risk, different body mass, size and morphology in metamorphs and adults. However, this apparent handicap may not affect the post-metamorphic population, as anomalous adults may rise from normal tadpoles.244237243Afonso, J.M., Montero, D., Robaina, L., Astrga, N., Association of a lordosis-scoliosis-kyphosis deformity in gilthead seabream (Sparusaurata) with family structure (2000) Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 22, pp. 159-163Agostini, M.G., Kacoliris, F., Demetrio, P., Natale, G.S., Abnormalities in amphibian populations inhabiting agroecosystems in northeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina (2013) Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 104, pp. 163-171Altig, R., Comments on the descriptions and evaluations of tadpole mouthpart anomalies (2007) Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 2, pp. 1-4Altig, R., McDiarmid, R.W., Body Plan: Development and Morphology (1999) The biology of anuran larvae, pp. 24-51. , McDiarmid, R.W. & Altig, R. (eds.). Chicago: The University of Chicago PressAnkley, G.T., Tietge, J.E., Defoe, D.L., Jensen, K.M., Effects of ultraviolet light and methoprene on survival and development of Rana pipiens (1998) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 17, pp. 2530-2542Bacon, J.P., Fort, C.E., Todhunter, B., Mathis, M., Fort, D.J., Effects of multiple chemical, physical, and biological stressors on the incidence and types of abnormalities observed in Bermuda's cane toads (Rhinella marina) (2013) Journal of Experimental Zoology, 320B, pp. 218-237Ballengée, B., Sessions, S.K., Explanation for missing limbs in deformed amphibians (2009) Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B, 312, pp. 770-779Blaustein, A.R., Kiesecker, J.M., Chivers, D.P., Anthony, R.G., Ambient UV-B radiation causes deformities in amphibian embryos (1997) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94, pp. 13735-13737Blaustein, A.R., Johnson, P.T., The complexity of deformed amphibians (2003) Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 1, pp. 87-94Blaustein, A.R., Han, B.A., Relyea, R.A., Johnson, P.T.J., The complexity of amphibian population declines: Understanding the role of co-factors in driving amphibian losses (2011) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 123, pp. 108-119Bowerman, J., Johnson, P.T.J., Bowerman, T., Sublethal predators and their injured prey: Linking aquatic predators and severe limb abnormalities in amphibians (2010) Ecology, 91, pp. 242-251Bresler, J., The development of labial teeth of salientian larvae in relation to temperature (1954) Copeia, 1954, pp. 207-211Brett Sutherland, M.A., Gouchie, G.M., Wassersug, R.J., Can visual stimulation alone induce phenotypically plastic responses in Rana sylvatica tadpole oral structures (2009) Journal of Herpetology, 43, pp. 165-168Bridges, C.M., Long-term effects of pesticide exposure at various life stages of the southern leopard frog (Rana sphenocephala) (2000) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 39, pp. 91-96Burger, J., Snodgrass, J.W., Oral deformities in several species of frogs from the Savannah River Site, USA (2000) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 19, pp. 2519-2524Drake, D.L., Altig, R., Grace, J.B., Walls, S.C., Occurrence of oral deformities in larval anurans (2007) Copeia, 2007, pp. 449-458Egea-Serrano, A., Relyea, R.A., Tejedo, M., Torralva, M., Understanding of the impact of chemicals on amphibians: A meta-analytic review (2012) Ecology and Evolution, 2, pp. 1382-1397Ely, C.A., Development of Bufo marinus larvae in dilute seawater (1944) Copeia, 1944, p. 256Formanowicz, D.R., Jr., Anuran tadpole/aquatic insect predator-prey interactions: Tadpole size and predator capture success (1986) Herpetologica, 42, pp. 367-373Fellers, G.M., Green, D.E., Longcore, J.E., Oral chytridiomycosis in the mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa) (2001) Copeia, 2001, pp. 945-953Gosner, K.L., A simplified table for staging anuran embryos larvae with notes on identification (1960) Herpetologica, 16, pp. 183-190Jara, F.G., Perotti, M.G., Risk of predation and behavioural response in three anuran species: Influence of tadpole size and predator type (2010) Hydrobiologia, 644, pp. 313-324Johnson, P.T.J., Lunde, K.B., Ritchie, E.G., Launer, A., The effect of trematode infection on amphibian limb development and survivorship (1999) Science, 284, pp. 802-804Karraker, N.E., Are embryonic and larval green frogs (Rana clamitans) insensitive to road deicing salt? (2007) Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 2, pp. 35-41Lannoo, M., (2008) The collapse of aquatic ecosystems: Malformed frogs, , Berkeley: University of California PressLunde, K.B., Johnson, P.T.J., A practical guide for the study of malformed amphibians and their causes (2012) Journal of Herpetology, 46, pp. 429-441Mansfield, K.G., Land, E.D., Cryptorchidism in Florida panthers: Prevalence, features, and influence of genetic restoration (2002) Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 38, pp. 693-698Medina, R.G., Ponssa, M.L., Guerra, C., Aráoz, E., Amphibian abnormalities: Historical records of a museum collection in Tucuman Province, Argentina (2013) Herpetological Journal, 23, pp. 193-202Olsson, M., Gullberg, A., Tegelstrom, H., Malformed offspring, sibling matings, and selection against inbreeding in the sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) (1996) Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 9, pp. 229-242Ouellet, M., Amphibian deformities: Current state of knowledge (2000) Ecotoxicology of amphibians and reptiles, pp. 617-661Linder, G., Bishop, C.A., Sparling, D.W., USA: Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), , PressRachowicz, L.J., Mouthpart pigmentation in Rana muscosa tadpoles: Seasonal changes without chytridiomycosis (2002) Herpetological Review, 33, pp. 262-265Roberts, C.D., Dickinson, T.E., Ribeiro ondatrae causes limb abnormalities in a Canadian amphibian community (2012) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 90, pp. 808-814Rowe, C.L., Kinney, O.M., Fiori, A.P., Congdon, J.D., Oral deformities in tadpoles (Rana catesbeiana) associated with coal ash deposition: Effects on grazing ability and growth (1996) Freshwater Biology, 36, pp. 723-730Rowe, C.L., Kinney, O.M., Congdon, J.D., Oral deformities in tadpoles of the Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) caused by conditions in a polluted habitat (1998) Copeia, 1998, pp. 244-246Toledo, L.F., Ribeiro, R.S., The archipelago of Fernando de Noronha: An intriguing malformed toad hotspot in South America (2009) EcoHealth, 6, pp. 351-357Toledo, L.F., Predation of juvenile and adult anurans by invertebrates: Current knowledge and perspectives (2005) Herpetological Review, 36, pp. 395-400Tolledo, J., Toledo, L.F., Tadpole of Rhinella jimi (Anura: Bufonidae) with comments on the tadpoles of species of the Rhinella marina group (2010) Journal of Herpetology, 44, pp. 480-483Travis, J., Anuran size at metamorphosis: Experimental test of a model based on intraspecific competition (1984) Ecology, 65, pp. 1155-1160Venesky, M.D., Parris, M.J., Storfer, A., Impacts of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection on tadpole foraging performance (2009) EcoHealth, 6, pp. 565-575Venesky, M.D., Wassersug, R.J., Parris, M.J., How does a change in labial tooth row number affect feeding kinematics and foraging performance of a ranid tadpole (Lithobates sphenocephalus)? 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Drought-driven wildfire impacts on structure and dynamics in a wet Central Amazonian forest

While the climate and human-induced forest degradation is increasing in the Amazon, fire impacts on forest dynamics remain understudied in the wetter regions of the basin, which are susceptible to large wildfires only during extreme droughts. To address this gap, we installed burned and unburned plots immediately after a wildfire in the northern Purus-Madeira (Central Amazon) during the 2015 El-Niño. We measured all individuals with diameter of 10 cm or more at breast height and conducted recensuses to track the demographic drivers of biomass change over 3 years. We also assessed how stem-level growth and mortality were influenced by fire intensity (proxied by char height) and tree morphological traits (size and wood density). Overall, the burned forest lost 27.3% of stem density and 12.8% of biomass, concentrated in small and medium trees. Mortality drove these losses in the first 2 years and recruitment decreased in the third year. The fire increased growth in lower wood density and larger sized trees, while char height had transitory strong effects increasing tree mortality. Our findings suggest that fire impacts are weaker in the wetter Amazon. Here, trees of greater sizes and higher wood densities may confer a margin of fire resistance; however, this may not extend to higher intensity fires arising from climate change