Biostatistics for clinical and public health researchMelody S. Goodman (Ed.), New York: Routledge.

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151284/1/biom13081_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151284/2/biom13081.pd

Survey in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Over the past fifty years nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, commonly referred to as NMR, has become the preeminent technique for determining the structure of organic compounds. Of all the spectroscopic methods, it is the only one for which a complete analysis and interpretation of the entire spectrum is normally expected. Although larger amounts of sample are needed than for mass spectroscopy, NMR is non-destructive, and with modern instruments good data may be obtained from samples weighing less than a milligram. To be successful in using NMR as an analytical tool, it is necessary to understand the physical principles on which the methods are based. Keywords : NMR , spectra , spin , nuclear , magnetic , data.

Optimum conditions for ascorbic acid determination in three Iraqi citrus using HPLC technique

A high-performance liquid chromatography method was employed for the quantitative determination of ascorbic acid (AA) which called vitamin C in three types of Iraqi citrus (orange mandarin and aurantium ) and to establish this goal , evaluation of ascorbic acid degradation is so important due to its significant criticality when exposure to ordinary atmospheric conditions. The chromatographic analysis of AA was carried out after their sequential elution with KH2PO4 ( as mobile phase) by reverse-phase HPLC technique with C8 column and UV detection at 214 nm. .Bad resolutions was appeared clearly for C8 column , so another alternative condition were carried out to improve the resolution by replacement of C8 by C18 column .Statistical treatments were used to calculate relative standard deviation (RSD%) for the results to gain acceptable confidence to the present work , so the linearity of calibration curve, accuracy, and repeatability of this method are all satisfactory

Nano-Magnetic NiFe2O4 and Its Photocatalytic Oxidation of Vanillyl Alcohol—Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in the Valorization of Lignin

Here, we report on a phyto-mediated bimetallic (NiFe2O4) preparation using a Boswellia carterii extract, which was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, electron microscopy, magnetic spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements. The prepared nano-catalysts were tested for oxidation of lignin monomer molecules—vanillyl alcohol and cinnamyl alcohol. In comparison with previously reported methods, the nano NiFe2O4 catalysts showed high photocatalytic activity and selectivity, under visible light irradiation with a nitroxy radical initiator (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy or 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl; TEMPO) at room temperature and aerobic conditions. The multifold advantages of the catalyst both in terms of reduced catalyst loading and ambient temperature conditions were manifested by higher conversion of the starting material

Nano-Magnetic NiFe2O4 and Its Photocatalytic Oxidation of Vanillyl Alcohol—Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in the Valorization of Lignin

Here, we report on a phyto-mediated bimetallic (NiFe2O4) preparation using a Boswellia carterii extract, which was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, electron microscopy, magnetic spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements. The prepared nano-catalysts were tested for oxidation of lignin monomer molecules—vanillyl alcohol and cinnamyl alcohol. In comparison with previously reported methods, the nano NiFe2O4 catalysts showed high photocatalytic activity and selectivity, under visible light irradiation with a nitroxy radical initiator (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy or 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl; TEMPO) at room temperature and aerobic conditions. The multifold advantages of the catalyst both in terms of reduced catalyst loading and ambient temperature conditions were manifested by higher conversion of the starting material

A Comparative Study of Single-Constraint Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks Using Different Dynamic Programming Algorithms

Finding the shortest route in wireless mesh networks is an important aspect. Many techniques are used to solve this problem like dynamic programming, evolutionary algorithms, weighted-sum techniques, and others. In this paper, we use dynamic programming techniques to find the shortest path in wireless mesh networks due to their generality, reduction of complexity and facilitation of numerical computation, simplicity in incorporating constraints, and their onformity to the stochastic nature of some problems. The routing problem is a multi-objective optimization problem with some constraints such as path capacity and end-to-end delay. Single-constraint routing problems and solutions using Dijkstra, Bellman-Ford, and Floyd-Warshall algorithms are proposed in this work with a discussion on the difference between them. These algorithms find the shortest route through finding the optimal rate between two nodes in the wireless networks but with bounded end-to-end delay. The Dijkstra-based algorithm is especially favorable in terms of processing time. We also present a comparison between our proposed single-constraint Dijkstra-based routing algorithm and the mesh routing algorithm (MRA) existing in the literature to clarify the merits of the former

STUDY OF AZO COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM P-CRESOL LIGAND: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

Azo compounds contain two aromatic rings separated by an azo (-N=N-) link. These are versatile molecules that have garnered a lot of interest in both basic and applied research. In this work, synthesis of some Azo dyes derivatives by coupling P-cresol with diazonium salts obtained from p-chloroaniline and p-methoxyaniline. The structure of the synthesized compound has been characterized by using techniques like UV-Vis Spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, the antimicrobial activity of these synthesized dyes compounds was examined by using the disc diffusion method against gram negative and gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which have been isolated from the patients of wound infection. Further, synthesized compounds showed moderate to significant inhibitory effect at the selected concentrations against the tested microorganisms. The results of antibacterial activities demonstrated that compound p-chloroaniline had good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa at the concentration of 300 mg/ml with 8.079 mm and 6.16 mm inhibition zone, diameter respectively. This study synthesized two new compounds viz., p-chloroaniline and p-methoxyaniline, and among these two p-chloroaniline has good anti-bacterial activity against S. aureus. Therefore, this can serve as a new compound for the manufacture of ointment to treat wound infections

Establishing Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) diagnostics using GeneXpert technology at a mobile laboratory in Liberia: Impact on outbreak response, case management and laboratory systems strengthening.

The 2014-16 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa highlighted the necessity for readily available, accurate and rapid diagnostics. The magnitude of the outbreak and the re-emergence of clusters of EVD cases following the declaration of interrupted transmission in Liberia, reinforced the need for sustained diagnostics to support surveillance and emergency preparedness. We describe implementation of the Xpert Ebola Assay, a rapid molecular diagnostic test run on the GeneXpert platform, at a mobile laboratory in Liberia and the subsequent impact on EVD outbreak response, case management and laboratory system strengthening. During the period of operation, site coordination, management and operational capacity was supported through a successful collaboration between Ministry of Health (MoH), World Health Organization (WHO) and international partners. A team of Liberian laboratory technicians were trained to conduct EVD diagnostics and the laboratory had capacity to test 64-100 blood specimens per day. Establishment of the laboratory significantly increased the daily testing capacity for EVD in Liberia, from 180 to 250 specimens at a time when the effectiveness of the surveillance system was threatened by insufficient diagnostic capacity. During the 18 months of operation, the laboratory tested a total of 9,063 blood specimens, including 21 EVD positives from six confirmed cases during two outbreaks. Following clearance of the significant backlog of untested EVD specimens in November 2015, a new cluster of EVD cases was detected at the laboratory. Collaboration between surveillance and laboratory coordination teams during this and a later outbreak in March 2016, facilitated timely and targeted response interventions. Specimens taken from cases during both outbreaks were analysed at the laboratory with results informing clinical management of patients and discharge decisions. The GeneXpert platform is easy to use, has relatively low running costs and can be integrated into other national diagnostic algorithms. The technology has on average a 2-hour sample-to-result time and allows for single specimen testing to overcome potential delays of batching. This model of a mobile laboratory equipped with Xpert Ebola test, staffed by local laboratory technicians, could serve to strengthen outbreak preparedness and response for future outbreaks of EVD in Liberia and the region