Carment: Magnesium Cement From Glass Waste As A Solution To The Cement Industry's Carbon Emission Problems

In dealing with carbon emissions generated from the cement industry in general, the author has the idea to use Carment. Carment is a concept of carbon absorbing cement based on magnesium silicate which is derived from silica and is able to reduce carbon emissions from the manufacturing process compared to the manufacture of cement in general. There are several solutions that have existed in overcoming the problem of carbon emissions from the cement industry, such as the Waste Heat Recovery Power Generator (WHRPG), reducing the clinker ratio through blended cement products, and using alternative fuels to replace coal. However, its existence is still quite expensive and has not been able to overcome the problem of carbon emissions resulting from the cement industry. Carment is an innovation in the industrial sector where Carment as a magnesium cement from glass waste can solve the problem of carbon emissions from the calcination process. The availability of glass waste, which has a high availability, contains more than 70% silica and is inexpensive, increases the potential to produce magnesium cement from glass waste in Indonesia

Analysis of The Effectiveness of Household Scale Smart Window Panel as a New Renewable Energy Source Using PVsyst Software

Increasing electrical energy consumption causes problems because it produces greenhouse gas emissions. The problem is that the fuel used so far is not renewable. Carbon emissions can trigger global warming. Global warming causes the temperature on earth to increase, causing icebergs in the polar regions to melt and sea levels to rise. Efforts can be made to minimize this problem by transitioning to alternative energy, such as solar panels. Using solar panels as an energy source has an excellent opportunity to be implemented because Indonesia gets sunlight throughout the year. However, solar panels have drawbacks, such as surfaces that are difficult to clean, depending on location and weather conditions, and their installation requires a large area. Therefore, this research was conducted by designing smart window panels that are easy to apply on a household scale so that their effectiveness is known when implemented. The method used in this study is a simulation method using the PVsyst software. The simulation was carried out with a variable angle of installation of the smart window panel, 0°,30°,45°,60°, and 90°. The results showed that the best results were obtained from modules with an installation angle of 90° because the EfrGrid value was 19168 Kw/year and E_Solar was 104.28 Kw/year. Increasing the number of modules used can be done by using suitable inverters so that optimizing the use of smart window panels on the household scale can be done to reduce carbon emissions and achieve energy security in Indonesia

Pathogenicity test bacteria from Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus aquaculture ponds

Present research aimed to examine the pathogenicity opportunities of some bacteria which were isolated from freshwater aquaculture ponds to some fish Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias gariepinus, and Pangasius pangasius. The bacteria were isolated from the water and feces of O. niloticus and C. gariepinus aquaculture in Samarinda, which were identified as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterobacter amnigenus. An 0.1 mL-1 of each bacteria was intramuscular injection and evaluated the clinical signs, eksternal pathology, and fish mortality. The freshwater fish using in this research were Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias gariepinus, and Pangasius pangasius with size 10-15 g from Loa Kulu, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The result showed that each bacteria caused mortality in fish: E. coli bacteria caused fish mortality 23.33-66.67%; E. cloacae 10.00 to 90.00%; and E. amnigenus by 3.33-56.67%. The average death time of E. coli and E. amnigenus in all three fish were under 48 hours, while E. cloacae caused mortality less than 48 hours in C. gariepinus and P. pangasius. In conclusion, E. coli, E. cloacae, and E. amnigenus are putative pathogenic bacterium in O. niloticus, C. gariepinus, and P. pangasius