A review of current development of altimetry technique for tidal and water level measurement practices and its relevance to energy industry applications

With massive geospatial coverage and adequate time series of sea surface height, spatio-temporal multi-mission satellite altimetry tidal modelling emerges as a profound potential solution for increasing accuracy and minimising variation across multiple offshore applications. Therefore, this article attempts to review the current implementation of satellite altimetry in the applicable area of studies relevant to conventional oil and gas applications toward sustainable energy applications. The implication of current spatio-temporal enhancement of tidal measurement by satellite altimetry at the coastal area and the offshore zone is discussed mainly to elaborate on current achievement as well as to gauge potential future optimisation for offshore applications in the energy industry. Spatio-temporal enhancement in conventional oil and gas field applications improves the integration of various offshore construction applications. The impact of this application is more significant as engineering construction adopts stringent and higher vertical data accuracy acceptance criteria. More comprehensive spatial information coverage of tidal regime, co-tidal range, the offshore co-tidal pattern should be more accessible by more intensive spatio-temporal enhancement attempts in various studies and implementations. This leads to higher reliability and integrity of offshore vertical references derivation

Gambaran Aktivitas Fisik Pada Individu Obesitas Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sidorejo Kidul Salatiga

Background: Obesity is one of the health problems related to the prevalence of cardiometabolic disease. WHO states that obesity is a complex, serious problem experienced by all age groups, ranging from children, adults to the elderly. Obesity must be treated immediately because it has the potential to become a health problem (1). In obese patients who have a Body Mass Index (BMI)> 30 kg / m2 will increase the risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), both men and women. The American Heart Association (AHA) classifies obesity as a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Someone with central Obesity (upper body obesity) will be easily exposed to the risk of heart disease and other metabolic diseases known as metabolic syndrome compared with ginoid obesity (lower body obesity) is very small will be the risk of metabolic disease and coronary heart disease. Objective: The purpose of the study to determine the description of community behavior seen from the point of view of physical activity that became one of the causes of obesity in Salatiga City. Method: This research method is descriptive quantitative with observation approach. The population in this study is the people who have checked themselves to the Puskesmas Sidorejo Kidul, each from the scope of work area of Sidorejo Kidul Puskesmas. The inclusion criteria applied were: 1) people living in the working area of pusidmas sidorejo kidul, 2) aged 40 years and over, 3) IMT more than 27,0. Variables studied in this research is the intensity of physical activity and BMI. The instrument used to measure the intensity of physical activity is the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). The interview was conducted to identify the understanding of the community in the work area of Sidorejo Kidul Public Health Center towards obesity and physical activity. Result: After all the data collected the results of the research were carried out by analyzing the data by data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and verification. Setelah semua data terkumpul hasil penelitian dilakukan dengan cara analisa data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan, dan verifikasi. Conclusion: The physical activity of the elderly in the working area of the Puskesmas Sidorejo in the city of Salatiga, based on the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) calculation is included in the medium category of 50% with physical activities generally carried out by housewives such as sweeping, mopping, cooking, and wash. As many as 15% of the elderly are in the category of low physical activity and the rest are included in the high category of 35%.Latar Belakang: Obesitas merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang berkaitan dengan prevalensi penyakit kardiometabolik. WHO menyatakan bahwa obesitas merupakan masalah serius yang kompleks yang dialami oleh segala kelompok umur, mulai dari anak – anak, dewasa sampai lansia. Obesitas harus segera ditangani karena berpotensi menjadi suatu masalah kesehatan (1). Pada penderita obesitas yang memiliki Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT) > 30 kg/m2 akan meningkatkan risiko Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK), baik pada laki – laki maupun perempuan. American Heart Association (AHA) mengklasifikasikan obesitas sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya penyakit jantung koroner. Seseorang dengan Obesitas sentral (upper body obesity) akan mudah terkena risiko penyakit jantung dan penyakit metabolik lain yang dikenal sebagai sindrom metabolik dibandingkan dengan obesitas ginoid (lower body obesity) sangat kecil akan risiko terjadinya penyakit metabolik dan jantung koroner.  Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku masyarakat dilihat dari sudut pandang aktivitas fisik yang menjadi salah satu penyebab kejadian obesitas di Kota Salatiga.  Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan observasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang pernah memeriksakan diri ke Puskesmas Sidorejo Kidul, masing – masing berasal dari lingkup wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sidorejo Kidul. Kriteria inklusi yang diterapkan adalah: 1) masyarakat yang tinggal di wilayah kerja puskesmas sidorejo kidul, 2) berusia 40 tahun ke atas, 3) IMT lebih dari 27,0 .variabel yang dipelajari dalam penelitian ini adalah intensitas aktivitas fisik dan IMT. Instrumen yang dipakai untuk mengukur intensitas aktivitas fisik adalah Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Wawancara dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi pemahaman masyarakat yang ada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sidorejo Kidul terhadap obesitas dan aktivitas fisik. Hasil: Setelah semua data terkumpul, hasil penelitian dilakukan dengan menganalisis data dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan simpulan, dan verifikasi. Setelah semua data terkumpul hasil penelitian dilakukan dengan cara analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, kesimpulan, dan verifikasi. Kesimpulan: Aktivitas fisik para lansia yang berada di wilayah kerja puskesmas sidorejo kidul kota salatiga, berdasarkan penghitungan Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) termasuk dalam kategori sedang 50% dengan aktivitas fisik yang umumnya dilakuan oleh Ibu Rumah Tangga (IRT) seperti menyapu, mengepel, masak, dan mencuci. Sebanyak 15% lansia berada dalam kategori aktifitas fisik rendah dan sisanya termasuk dalam kategori tinggi 35%