Pengaruh Modifikasi Senam Kaki dan Terapi Kelereng terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Penderita Diabetes Melitus: The Effect of Modified Foot Exercises and Marble Therapy on Blood Glucose Levels of Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels that occur due to insulin disorders. One of the non-pharmacological treatments that can be taken is by providing modified foot exercise therapy and marble therapy. Diabetes mellitus ranks ninth as the leading cause of death in the world because there are more than 1 million deaths. Due to the increasing aging population, the frequency of diabetes mellitus will continue to increase gradually in the world. It is estimated to increase twofold in the next decade. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of modified foot exercises and marble therapy on blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients at the Griya Asih Nursing Home, Malang Regency. Methods: Pre-experimental research design with pretest-posttest design. The research sample was 10 diabetes mellitus patients using non-probability sampling technique with purposive sampling type and using Wilcoxon test. Results: In the examination of fasting blood glucose levels before the intervention was given, it was >100 mg/dl with 10 respondents (100.0%). While in the examination of fasting blood glucose levels after the intervention was given, it was 70-100 mg/dl with 9 respondents (90.0%), and fasting blood glucose levels were >100 mg/dl with 1 respondent (10.0%). There is an effect of foot gymnastics and marble therapy on blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients (p-value=0.005). Discussion: For future research, it is hoped that quasi-experimental research designs, control groups, and larger samples can be used

Hubungan Screen Time dalam Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Interaksi Sosial dan Kemampuan Bahasa pada Anak Usia Prasekolah: The Relationship of Screen Time in Gadget Use on Social Interaction and Language Skills in Preschool Age Children

Background: The rapid development of digital technology affects preschool-age children through the use of gadgets, which often causes excessive screen time and raises concerns about the development of social interactions and language skills at a crucial period. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the relationship between screen time and social interaction and language skills in children aged 4-6 years. Methods: The research used quantitative correlational methods, with respondents as many as 66 children in kindergarten and RA. Analysis was carried out using the Spearman correlation test and multivariate ordinal regression. Results: results show that in kindergarten, screen time is weakly positively correlated with social interaction (r=0.356) but negatively with language ability (r=-0.414). Meanwhile, in RA, screen time was negatively correlated with social interaction (r=-0.410) but positively with language ability (r=0.491). Multivariate analysis showed that screen time significantly influenced both variables, with varying impacts depending on age and parenting. Conclusions: in conclusion, there is a significant relationship between screen time on social interaction and language skills. Directed use of gadgets supports social interaction and language skills, but if it is not directed it can reduce social interaction and language skills. Therefore, parental assistance is very important

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Goji Berry untuk Menghambat Bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes Penyebab Acne Vulgaris: Antibacterial Activity of Goji Berry Extract to Inhibit Propionibacterium Acnes Bacteria Causing Acne Vulgaris

Background: Propionibacterium acnes is a Gram-positive bacterium that acts as a normal flora and body pathogen that causes acne vulgaris. Treatment using natural ingredients is an alternative that can be used to cure disease, one of the medicinal plants that has benefits is Goji berry (Lycium barbarum L).  Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the anti acne activity of goji berry extract in inhibiting the growth of P.acnes bacteria and screening phytochemical compounds in goji berry extract. Methods: This quantitative study uses goji berry extract with 96% ethanol solvent obtained by maceration and evaporation methods. The data were statistically analyzed to see a significant effect using One Way Anova. Goji berry extract with varying concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) was used in the antibacterial activity test for Propionibacterium acnes using the well diffusion method on MHA media. Phytochemical screening was carried out by testing for the presence of flavonoid compounds, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, and glycosides. Results: Goji berry extract showed antibacterial activity against P. acnes with moderate inhibitory ability at 100% concentration with an inhibitory zone diameter of 7 mm. Meanwhile, at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%, the diameter of the inhibition zone is 4,05 mm; 4,46 mm; 4,53 mm and 5,19 mm respectively with low inhibition capability. The results of the phytochemical screening tests showed a positive content of flavonoid compounds, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, and glycosides. Conclusion: This compound is known to have the ability to inhibit and even kill bacteria with different mechanisms in each compound

Peningkatan Pengetahuan Komprehensif HIV dan AIDS Remaja Melalui Media Audiovisual dan Peer Group: Improving Comprehensive Knowledge of HIV and AIDS Among Adolescents Through Audiovisual Media and Peer Group

Background: East Kalimantan Province is still in 10th place according to the data from the Executive Report on the Development of HIV AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infectious Diseases (PIMS) for the fourth quarter of 2022, with 324 cases of ODHIV found. With the high number of HIV cases in East Kalimantan, prevention efforts are needed at productive ages including adolescents so that a misunderstanding of how to transmit and prevent this disease can be conveyed. Objectives: The purpose of this activity was to increase the comprehensive knowledge of adolescents about HIV and AIDS through the use of audiovisual media and peer group methods, as well as to educate the public about the dangers, prevention, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Methods: This activity used a one group pre test post test design with research instruments in the form of pre-test and post-test questionnaires on 43 samples. Wilcoxon test was used to bivariate analyses. Results: The results obtained there was an increase in knowledge by 41.86%, with a p-value of 0.0002307 < 0.05 which indicates the significance of knowledge after being given knowledge education about HIV AID

Efektivitas Pemberian Tablet Fe dan Tambahan Buah Pepaya California (Carica Pepaya L) Terhadap Peningkatan hemoglobin Pada Remaja Putri di Pondok Tahfidz Nurul Qur’an MAN 1 Kudus: Effectiveness of Fe Tablets and California Papaya Fruit Supplement (Carica Papaya L) on Hemoglobin Increase on Young Women at Pondok Tahfidz Nurul Qur'an MAN 1 Kudus

Background: Anemia remains a global health problem, with a prevalence of 29.9% among women aged 15–49 years according to the 2023 Basic Health Research. In adolescent girls, anemia is commonly caused by iron deficiency and the menstrual cycle. Efforts to enhance iron absorption can be supported by consuming iron tablets combined with vitamin C–rich sources, such as papaya. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of iron tablets combined with papaya fruit (Carica papaya L.) in increasing hemoglobin levels among adolescent girls. Methods: The study employed a quasi-experimental design with two pre-test–post-test groups. Results: The t-test results showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in both groups (p < 0.05), with a mean difference of 0.58 g/dl higher in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the combination of iron tablets and papaya fruit is more effective in increasing hemoglobin levels among adolescent girls at the Nurul Qur'an MAN 1 Kudus Tahfidz boarding school

Pernikahan Usia Dini dengan Kejadian Stunting dan Bonus Demografi: Literatur Review: Early Marriage with Stunting Events and a Demographic Dividend: Systematic Review

Background: Birth rates affect population growth and are closely related to the age of marriage. Early marriage increases health risks and impacts the quality of the generation, including stunting. In Indonesia, stunting cases rose from 23,700 to 34,000, which can threaten the readiness of the golden generation in the future. Objective: to determine the relationship between early marriage and stunting and the demographic bonus. Methods: This article was compiled using a literature review method using sources from Google Scholar and PubMed. A Google Scholar search using the keywords "early marriage and stunting" for the period 2017–2022 yielded 735 articles. Meanwhile, PubMed used the keywords "early marriage" and "stunting" with free full-text criteria for the period 2018–2022, resulting in 10 articles. Results: Early marriage has an effect on stunting. Marriage that occurs in adolescence or early marriage under 18 years of age is a direct and indirect cause of stunting in children and affects the opportunity for a demographic bonus due to the low quality of human resources so that they are unable to compete in the job market, resulting in low economic growth. Conclusion: Early marriage is a factor causing stunting and is one of the factors inhibiting the demographic bonus. Government policies regarding marriage need to be viewed from a health aspect by considering the recommendations of the National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) regarding the ideal age for marriage

Hubungan Pencahayaan dan Kelembaban dalam Rumah dengan Kejadian Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Kedaton Kota Bandar Lampung: The Relationship Between Indoor Lighting and Humidity with the Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Working Area of UPT Kedaton Public Health Center Bandar Lampung City

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/3Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis remains a public health problem in Indonesia, including in the working area of the UPT Kedaton Health Center, Bandar Lampung City. The physical environment of a house, particularly lighting and humidity, is suspected to influence the risk of transmission of this disease. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between indoor lighting and humidity in houses and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: This is a quantitative study with an analytical survey design using a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 2,625 households, with a sample of 335 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using univariate analysis (frequency distribution) and bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. Results: The study found a significant relationship between lighting and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (p-value = 0.030), as well as between humidity and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (p-value = 0.009). Conclusion: The study concludes that poor lighting and high humidity inside houses are associated with an increased risk of pulmonary tuberculosis transmission. Efforts to improve lighting quality and control indoor humidity are needed as part of tuberculosis prevention in residential environments

Spatial Patterns of Under-Five Pneumonia and Socio-Environmental Factors in West Java: A LISA and Geographically Weighted Regression Approach, 2019–2023: Pola Spasial Pneumonia Balita dan Faktor Sosio-Lingkungan di Jawa Barat: Pendekatan LISA dan Regresi Tertimbang Geografis, 2019–2023

Introduction: Pneumonia remains a leading cause of mortality in children under five in Indonesia, with significant geographical disparities. Objective: This study addresses the urgent need to understand the complex spatial distribution of pediatric pneumonia and its relationship with local socio-environmental factors in West Java, Indonesia’s most populous province. Methods: This study uses an ecological study design, utilizing aggregated district/city level data from 2019 to 2023, and employs a quantitative spatial analysis approach. As the analysis is at an aggregated level, the findings reflect area-level associations, and conclusions cannot be inferred regarding individual-level risk, thus avoiding potential ecological fallacy. Result: The study reveals that while the overall distribution of pneumonia was not globally clustered, significant local patterns exist. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) analysis demonstrated superior performance over traditional Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) models, with an R² value reaching 0.800 in 2019, indicating that relationships between pneumonia and its determinants are highly variable across space. Getis-Ord Gi* analysis identified persistent coldspots (low-incidence clusters) in the southeastern region and dynamic hotspots (high-incidence clusters) along the northern coast. Furthermore, Bivariate LISA analysis confirmed that population density and poverty are significant clustered determinants spatially correlated with pneumonia incidence. Conclusion: These findings provide critical evidence for developing targeted, location-specific public health interventions to effectively reduce the burden of childhood pneumonia

Keterkaitan Senam Yoga dengan Pengurangan Dismenore Primer pada Remaja Putri: The Relationship Between Yoga and the Reduction of Primary Dysmenorrhea in Adolescent Girls

Background: Dysmenorrhea disrupts the social, academic, and physical and psychological activities of adolescent girls. Globally, more than 50% of women experience dysmenorrhea, with a prevalence of 72% in Sweden and nearly 90% in the United States. In Indonesia, the prevalence of dysmenorrhea reaches 64.25%, with 54.89% of them experiencing primary dysmenorrhea, especially among adolescent girls aged 14-19 years. In West Java, 54.9% of women experience dysmenorrhea. Yoga is believed to reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea, as it helps reduce menstrual pain and fluid buildup in the lower back. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of yoga exercises on primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted from April to May 2024. The sample consisted of 30 respondents from SMPN 15 Kota Bandung. The Suryanamaskar yoga exercise series was performed four times over two weeks. Pain scale measurements were taken using the WalIDD score instrument, which was designed to integrate dysmenorrhea in relation to school activities or daily activities. Results: This study showed that the average pain scale before the intervention was 6.69 and the average after the intervention was 2.86. The Wilcoxon test results showed a P value of 0.00 < 0.005. These results indicate that yoga exercises can reduce primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls. Conclusion: Adolescents can reduce dysmenorrhea by practicing Suryanamaskar yoga exercises, while health workers can play an active role in promoting adolescent reproductive health through the implementation of yoga exercises, given their proven effectiveness in reducing dysmenorrhea pain

Faktor-Faktor yang Terkait dengan Kejadian Fatigue pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis yang Menjalani Terapi Hemodialisis: Factors Associated with Incidence of Fatigue in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Hemodialysis Therapy

Background: Hemodialysis therapy is one of the management strategies for people with chronic kidney failure. Hemodialysis therapy can affect physical, psychological, social, and economic functions, as well as aspects of the environment that affect daily life, such as fatigue. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of fatigue in chronic kidney disease patients who routinely undergo hemodialysis therapy. Methods: The study used quantitative analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling, namely purposive sampling with a sample size of 50 patients who routinely undergo hemodialysis at UMM General Hospital. Results: result of measuring the level of fatigue in patients undergoing hemodialysis with mild fatigue 17 people (34%) and severe fatigue 33% (66%), male gender 32 people (62%) more than women 18 people (36%), age ≤45 years 15 people (30%) and age >45 years 35 people (70%), as many as 40 people (80%) have comorbidities, length of hemodialysis ≤5 months 19 people (38%) less than >5 months as many as 31 people (62%). The statistical test results of the chi-square test showed that there was no correlation between gender and the incidence of fatigue (p-value=0.700), there was a correlation between age (p-value=0.021), comorbidities (p-value=0.021), duration of hemodialysis (p-value=0.015) with the incidence of fatigue. Some factors that cause fatigue in patients with hemodialysis therapy include age over 45 years, comorbidities, and length of hemodialysis